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A novel series of liquid crystalline compounds containing 2,4-thiazolidinedione units with varying
terminal alkyl chain lengths was successfully synthesized and characterized. The chemical structures of the
synthesized compounds were confirmed by FT-IR, ¹H-NMR, and mass spectrometry. The mesomorphic behavior
was investigated using polarized optical microscopy (POM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
Compounds [V]₄, [V]₅, and [V]₆ exhibited enantiotropic nematic phases, while compound [V]₈ displayed a smectic
A (SmA) phase. No liquid crystalline behavior was observed for compound [V]₃. The liquid crystalline properties
were found to depend on the terminal-to-lateral chain length ratio, molecular geometry, and the nature
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