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The Dynamics of a Tritrophic Leslie-Gower Food-Web System with the Effect of Fear
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The avoidance strategy of prey to predation and the predation strategy for predators are important topics in evolutionary biology. Both prey and predators adjust their behaviors in order to obtain the maximal benefits and to raise their biomass for each. Therefore, this paper is aimed at studying the impact of prey’s fear and group defense against predation on the dynamics of the food-web model. Consequently, in this paper, a mathematical model that describes a tritrophic Leslie-Gower food-web system is formulated. Sokol-Howell type of function response is adapted to describe the predation process due to the prey’s group defensive capability. The effects of fear due to the predation process are considered in the first two levels. It is assumed that the generalist predator grows logistically using the Leslie-Gower type of growth function. All the solution properties of the model are studied. Local dynamics behaviors are investigated. The basin of attraction for each equilibrium is determined using the Lyapunov function. The conditions of persistence of the model are specified. The study of local bifurcation in the model is done. Numerical simulations are implemented to show the obtained results. It is watched that the system is wealthy in its dynamics including chaos. The fear factor works as a stabilizing factor in the system up to a specific level; otherwise, it leads to the extinction of the predator. However, increasing the prey’s group defense leads to extinction in predator species.

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 20 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The impact of the reserve requirement ratio in the activity of the bank credit: Applied Research in a sample of Iraqi private banks
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The research topic (The Impact of the Compulsory Reserve on the Banks Credit-an applied  research on    a sample of Iraqi banks), was chosen on basis of the Iraqi  private Banks attempts to increase their credit activities in hope to gain more profits.This coincided with  the CBI aim to back the private banking market.It is thus apparent why the CBI issued its regulation to those banks to increase their capitals up  to IDB250. On the other hand,the CBI acted as an obstacle in the way of increasing the private banks of their capitals,that is by implementing the quantitive  monetary tool  so called the compulsory reserve.This is why we intended to overlook at this contradictional  problome

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Intellectual Capital and Role in Achieving of Management of Customer Experience : A field study of the views of a sample of the leaders of Iraqi banks
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The issue of intellectual capital is a critical issue in the success and excellence of organizations, especially if it is linked to the management of customer experience, and because of the characteristic of the Iraqi environment, which affected all sectors, including the banking sector, it was important to discuss the types of intellectual capital and its relationship to the management of customer experience, especially when managers private banks, the importance of research lies in the linking of its variables to build the strategic capabilities of banks to achieve excellence and sustainability, it aims to diagnose the extent of interest in the types of intellectual capital and management of customer experience in the Iraqi ban

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 15 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Warning Messages of Jeanne DuPrau’sThe City of Ember to the World with Reference to Gil Kenan’s Film Adaptation: The Theory of Conspiracy
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The City of Ember is a very interesting novel that is although intended for young readers, have so many layers and messages that are misunderstood. In this research, both the novel and the film adaptation are studied with the intent to decode the warning messages that the novelist and the director tried to introduce to the audience. The research studies four vital messages; the first message is that history repeats itself for the novel has many allusions to the history of Jews and their painful holocaust and even goes back in history the days of Moses and the Exodus, the second message tackles the conspiracy theory that states nothing happens by accident and that everything is planned and connected hence comes the third message

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2022
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
THE RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH MEDIA ETHICS
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It must be emphasized that media is amongst human studies fusing older and more recent sciences together, and that its disclosures are the physics of the new communication. Michio Kaku, a theoretical physicist, in his book “ Visions”, confirms this fact when he says :” As a research physicist, I believe that physicists have been particularly successful at predicting the broad outlines of the future .Professionally, I work in one of the most fundamental areas of physics, the quest to complete Einstein's dream of a "theory of everything." As a result, I am constantly reminded of the ways in which quantum physics touches many of the key discoveries that shaped the twentieth century. “ He then got to the fact that the physical disclo

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 30 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
STUDY THE CONTAMINATION OF WATER BOTTLES WITH SOME CHEMICALS DUE TO HEAT EXPOSURE: STUDY THE CONTAMINATION OF WATER BOTTLES WITH SOME CHEMICALS DUE TO HEAT EXPOSURE
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The transfer of chemical pollutants from bottled water into water due to heat, sunlight and poor storage is one of the most serious threats to human health around the world, the objective of this study was to estimate the pH value and the transport of heavy metals from plastic bottles to water, for this purpose, 30 bottles of water for 10 local brands were collected and divided into three groups, the first was left at room temperature 25°C, The second was placed in a heat oven at 25°C and the third in another oven at 50°C for two weeks. The results showed significant differences at (P<0.05) between water samples, pH value and concentrations of heavy metals (Sb, Pb, Ni, Cu, Cr, Cd and Fe) we

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The impact of strategic innovation components of the application Business process re-engineering: A survey Study of the consultant of a sample of managers and their assistants and consultants in the General Company for Post & Telecommunications
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Abstract:

        Organizations need today to move towards strategic innovation, which means the analysis of positions, especially the challenges faced by the change in the external environment, which makes it imperative for the organization that you reconsider their strategies and orientations and operations, a so-called re-engineering to meet those challenges and pressures. Now this research dilemma intellectual two-dimensional, yet my account in not Take writings and researchers effect strategic innovation in re-engineering business processes, according to science and to inform the researcher, and after the application represented in the non-application of such resear

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 30 2022
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The Effectiveness of Combining the Meanings of Grammatical Tools in Understanding the Arabic Sentence A study of Some Linguistic Evidences
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abstract

The grammatical tools (the letters of meanings) are of great importance in understanding the meanings of the Arabic sentences,

This research is a simple attempt to show how our venerable scholars employed the meanings of these tools when they interpreted the linguistic evidence, that is, the grammatical structure largely depends on the tool in forming the meaning within the sentences and employing the meanings of these grammatical tools in explaining the linguistic evidence by clarifying their significance in the contexts of their use and effectiveness. Synthesis of the meanings of grammatical tools is an important tool in understanding the linguistic structure in order to reveal its meaning.

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 06 2020
Journal Name
International Journal Of Psychosocial Rehabilitation
A comparative study of the mechanical and electrical activities of the heart according to the energy systems of advanced players
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The study aims to identify the mechanical and electrical activities of the heart according to the energy systems of advanced players and to detect the differences between the energy systems in terms of the mechanical and electrical activities of the heart for advanced players. It was clear from the results of the significance of the differences between the three groups according to the energy systems of the advanced players in all research variables that (the non-oxygenic system "Lactic"), which represents the advanced players in the arches (800 m, 1500 m) was the first in most tests of mechanical and electrical activities of the heart, which is (Margaria-Kalamen, Wingate, systolic muscle strength of the heart FC, Stroke Volume SV

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2014
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
A study of the physical and chemical characteristics of the waters of the central marshes in southern Iraq after restoration
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some ecological (physical and chemical varible) of water samples were studies monthly from December 2008 to May 2009 at two stations( St.1) Al - Chibayesh marsh and (St.2) Abu – Zirik marsh which are located in the south of Iraq . These variables included : Temperature, pH, EC, Dissolved oxygen , Total alkalinity, Nitrate, Sulphate, and phosphate, Si-SiO2 and Ca ,Mg, Cl, The marsh Considered as fresh water and alkaline. Abu-Zirik less than Al-Chibayesh.

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 16 2025
Journal Name
Adab Al Rafidayn
Measuring the quality of office services using (LibQUAL + ®): the central library of the University of Baghdad as a model
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Libraries, information centers, and everything related to organizing and preparing information need to be periodically re-evaluated in order to stand on the level of quality, which means improving the general reality of these institutions to ensure sufficient satisfaction from beneficiaries of the services provided. This is what was worked on in this research, as one of the most important quality standards in libraries and information centers, LibQUAL+®, was applied in one of the most important and oldest central university libraries, namely the Central Library of the University of Baghdad at its two locations, Al-Jadriya and Al-Waziriya. The sample of beneficiaries to whom the questionnaire was distributed reached 75 beneficiaries distrib

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