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The role of angiotensin converting enzyme (insertion)/(deletion) and angiotensin II type 1 receptor (A1166C) gene polymorphisms in antiproteinuric effect of ACE inhibitors in type 2 diabetic Iraqi patients
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The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) I\D gene polymorphism influences the blood ACE enzyme activity. Renoprotective effect of ACE inhibitors (ACEIs) varies among patients due to genetic variation, particularly in Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System genes. This study investigates the genetic variations of ACE I\D and AGT1RA1166C gene polymorphisms in the antiproteinuric effect of ACEI therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. This is a cross-sectional study that included 76 T2DM patients who are ACEI users, divided into two groups: T2DM without diabetic kidney disease (DKD) included 31 patients, and T2DM with DKD included 45 patients. Urine samples were taken for measurement of urine albumin and creatinine, then calculation of albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR). Blood samples were taken for the measurement of serum parameters and also for the extraction of DNA for genetic evaluation of ACEI/D and AGT1RA1166C gene polymorphisms. The results reveal that T2DM patients carrying the ID genotype have significantly lower ACE1 levels compared to DD and II carriers (p = 0.012). When grouping patients according to the ACR, serum ACE1 and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) levels were higher in DKD compared to normalbuminuric patients, with the only significant difference for ACE2. After subdividing according to ACE I\D genotypes, the ACE2 differences were only significant in DD genotype carriers (p = 0.049) between DKD and normalbuminuric groups. While for AGT1RA1166C polymorphisms, the AC genotype shows non-significantly lower levels for ACE1 and ACE2. After subdividing according to AGT1RA1166C genotypes, ACE2 levels were significantly higher in DKD patients carrying the AA genotype (p = 0.015). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that both ACE (I\D) and AGT1RA1166C genes are significant predictors of ACE1 levels after controlling age, gender, and DKD state. This study concluded that both genes are predictors of ACE1 levels; in addition, ID genotype carriers and AC genotype carriers had lower ACE1 and ACE2 levels with lower ACR and higher glomerular filtration rate, identifying better ACEIs responses in ID and AC carriers.

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Publication Date
Sat Aug 05 2017
Journal Name
Oriental Journal Of Chemistry
Adsorption of 4-Chlorophenol from Aqueous Solution onto Iraqi Bauxite and Surfactant–modified Iraqi Bauxite: Equilibrium, Kinetic, and Thermodynamic Studies
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Natural Bauxite (BXT) mineral clay was modified with a cationic surfactant (hexadecy ltrimethy lammonium bromide (BXT-HDTMA)) and characterized with different techniques: FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The modified and natural bauxite (BXT) were used as adsorbents for the adsorption of 4- Chlorophenol (4-CP) from aqueous solutions. The adsorption study was carried out at different conditions and parameters: contact time, pH value, adsorbent dosage and ionic strength. The adsorption kinetic (described by a pseudo-first order and a pseudo-second order), equilibrium experimental data (analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models) and thermodynamic parameters (change in s

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 15 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
Dramatic Dialogue And Its Effectiveness In Enhancing The Characteristics Of The Alienated Character In The Television Series
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Dialogue is one of the pillars of character building in the television series, through which it is possible to identify the most important characteristics and traits of the personality, in addition to its ability to reveal the most important problems at all levels. The following: (How does dialogue contribute to enhancing the traits of the alienated personality?). It therefore aims to identify the effectiveness of the dramatic dialogue in enhancing the traits of the alienated personality represented by (powerlessness, isolation, meaninglessness, objectification, non-standardization and rebellion). (The traits of the alienated character, and the second is the psychological function of the dramatic dialogue), to extract from them the main

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Publication Date
Fri Oct 19 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Integrated Marketing Communication and Its Effect on the revitalization of The Marketing Performance Field Research
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The research topic was chosen because of the importance of communication in organizations in general and the marketing  process in particular. Without communication, the organization can not live and continue ,The problem of study diagnosis the reduction in sales in the company of plant oils in some its classes and weakness in differentiation and its reputation at market in spit if having good products with standardized features And lack of customer communication channels, also the company does not have any whole view about the concept of marketing communication, Therefore, This sudy aimed ro define to know the type of relationship between the extent of the impact of the integrated marketing

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 30 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
the effect of organizing the university environment on increasing its efficiency and directing economic resiurces
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Technical education in Iraq Composed of, a complex system of technical competence and scientific, technical and administrative, which extends to cover large areas of the country and constitute a vicious circle between economic development, social and cultural rights through middle-management on the one hand, and between academic knowledge and political decision-making, which aims to bring such development On the other hand, in the light of that education is the actual technical extension applied to create the idea of complementarily between them. In Iraq, have been distributed institutes and technical colleges to achieve those goals, in addition to realizing the idea of integration between them and community, and integration of t

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2022
Journal Name
Case Studies In Construction Materials
Experimental study of temperature effect on the mechanical tensile fatigue of hydrated lime modified asphalt concrete and case application for the analysis of climatic effect on constructed pavement
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Previous experimental studies have suggested that hot mixed asphalt (HMA) concrete using hydrated lime (HL) to partially replace the conventional limestone dust filler at 2.5% by the total weight of all aggregates showed an optimum improvement on several key mechanical properties, fatigue life span and moisture susceptibility. However, so far, the knowledge of the thermal response of the modified asphalt concrete and thermal influence on the durability of the pavement constructed are still relatively limited but important to inform pavement design. This paper, at first, reports an experimental study of the tensile fatigue life of HMA concrete mixes designed for wearing layer application. Tests were conducted under three different temperatur

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 27 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Phytochemical Investigation and Antioxidant Activity of Iraqi Tribulus terrestris
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The aim of the present study was to characterize the Iraqi Tribulus terrestris for the presence of biologically active phyto-chemicals using methanolic extracts of the plant (aerial parts) by Gas Chromatography –Mass spectrometry (GC/MS), while the mass spectra of the compounds found in the extract was matched with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library , in addition to study the antioxidant activity of plant extract , results confirmed the presence of therapeutically potent compounds in the Iraqi Tribulus terrestris extract predominantly alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and terpenoids. Antioxidant potential of Iraqi Tribulus terrestris

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Publication Date
Fri Apr 10 2015
Journal Name
Arabian Journal Of Geosciences
Radiological assessment of Iraqi phosphate rock and phosphate fertilizers
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Publication Date
Mon Jun 30 2003
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Extraction and Purification of Magnesium Sulphate from Iraqi Dolomite
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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Brazilian Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Exploring Work Satisfaction and Characteristics of Iraqi Pharmacist Workforce
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Publication Date
Sat Jan 09 2021
Journal Name
Medico Legal Update
Knowledge and Attitudes of Vaccination among Iraqi Pharmacy Students
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Objective: Since the vaccination rate is largely affected by low knowledge and negative attitudes ofhealthcare professionals, so this study aimed to weigh up the vaccination knowledge and attitudes ofpharmacy students.Method: A pilot study using a survey to investigate demographic data, knowledge (20 questions), andattitudes (5 questions) of 156 fifth year and 121 third year pharmacy students from College of Pharmacy/University of Baghdad.Results: The mean score of knowledge and attitudes was intermediate (16.654 and 14.917 out of 25 for thefifth and the third grades, respectively) with a significant difference between the two groups, the studentsshown to have favorable attitudes about vaccination. The score of the students is not i

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