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PROTOCOLS FOR SECURE ROUTING AND TRANSMISSION IN MOBILE AD HOC NETWORK: A REVIEW
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Mobile ad hoc network security is a new area for research that it has been faced many difficulties to implement. These difficulties are due to the absence of central authentication server, the dynamically movement of the nodes (mobility), limited capacity of the wireless medium and the various types of vulnerability attacks. All these factor combine to make mobile ad hoc a great challenge to the researcher. Mobile ad hoc has been used in different applications networks range from military operations and emergency disaster relief to community networking and interaction among meeting attendees or students during a lecture. In these and other ad hoc networking applications, security in the routing protocol is necessary to protect against malicious attacks as well as in data transmission. The goal of mobile ad hoc security is to safeguard the nodes’ operation and ensure the availability of communication in spite of adversary nodes. The node operations can be divided into two phases. The first phase is to discover the route (s) path. The second phase is to forward the data on the available discovered routes. Both stages need to protect from attacks; so many protocols have been proposed to secure the routing and data forwarding. This is a review study to mobile ad hoc protocols for securing routing as well as protocols for securing packets forwarding. Furthermore, it will present the characteristics and the limitations for each protocol and attributes.

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 14 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Gravity Field Interpretation for Subsurface Faults Detection in A Region Located SW- Iraq
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This research deals with processing and Interpretation of Bouguer anomaly gravity field, using two dimensional filtering techniques to separate the residual gravity field from the Bouguer gravity map for a part of Najaf Ashraf province in Iraq. The residual anomaly processed in order to reduce noise and give a more comprehensive vision about subsurface linear structures. Results for descriptive interpretation presented as colored surfaces and contour maps in order to locate directions and extensions of linear features which may interpret as faults. A comparison among gravity residual field , 1st derivative and horizontal gradient made along a profile across the study area in order to assign the exact location of a major fault. Furthermor

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2014
Journal Name
Scienceasia
A combined compact genetic algorithm and local search method for optimizing the ARMA(1,1) model of a likelihood estimator
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In this paper, a compact genetic algorithm (CGA) is enhanced by integrating its selection strategy with a steepest descent algorithm (SDA) as a local search method to give I-CGA-SDA. This system is an attempt to avoid the large CPU time and computational complexity of the standard genetic algorithm. Here, CGA dramatically reduces the number of bits required to store the population and has a faster convergence. Consequently, this integrated system is used to optimize the maximum likelihood function lnL(φ1, θ1) of the mixed model. Simulation results based on MSE were compared with those obtained from the SDA and showed that the hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA) and I-CGA-SDA can give a good estimator of (φ1, θ1) for the ARMA(1,1) model. Anot

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 21 2018
Journal Name
International Journal Of Control, Automation And Systems
Design and Stability Analysis of a Fractional Order State Feedback Controller for Trajectory Tracking of a Differential Drive Robot
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Publication Date
Tue Dec 07 2021
Design and numerical verification of a polarization-independent grating coupler using a double-layer approach for visible wavelengths applications
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Publication Date
Tue Mar 28 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Comparison between Rowatinex and Tamsulosin as a Medical Expulsion Therapy for Ureteral Stone
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The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rowatinex and tamsulosin in the treatment of patients with ureteric stone.

Forty patients with ureteric stone ranged (4- 12) mm, were included in this study. They were randomized into two groups where the first group includes twenty patients treated with Rowatinex three times daily (Group 1), and the second group includes twenty patients treated with tamsulosin 0.4mg/day (Group 2). All patients were randomly assigned to receive the designed standard medical therapy for a maximum of 3 weeks.

Each group was given an antibiotic as prophylaxis and an injectable non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used on demand. At the outpatient clinic all subjects were a

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Publication Date
Sun May 07 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
A Study of Reinforcing and Temperature Effect of Impact Strength for Polymer Blend
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This research prepared polymer blend contains from epoxy resin (Ep) and polyurethane
)Pu) as a matrix material of percentage (90 %) from epoxy and ) 10 (% polyurethane and
reinforced by PVC fibers and aluminum fibers two dimension knitted mat with fractional
volume(15 %), and study impact strength before and after reinforcing at temperatures of
(20,40,60(
o
CØŒand the results have shown that the reinforcing matrix materials by fibers
increased impact strength values that rise from(3.387kJ/m2) to (151.62kJ/m2) of composite
material (Ep+Pu+PVC(and thus ) Ep+Pu+PVC+Al.F) at last (Ep+Pu+Al.F (. following
composite material so that temperatures increase led to rise impact strength values except the
polymer

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 28 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Dynamics and an Optimal Policy for A Discrete Time System with Ricker Growth
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The goal of this paper is to study dynamic behavior of a sporadic model (prey-predator). All fixed points of the model are found. We set the conditions that required to investigate the local stability of all fixed points. The model is extended to an optimal control model. The Pontryagin's maximum principle is used to achieve the optimal solutions. Finally, numerical simulations have been applied to confirm the theoretical results.

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 25 2015
Journal Name
Comptes Rendus Chimie
A novel method for the synthesis of biodiesel from soybean oil and urea
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The increasing demand for energy has encouraged the development of renewable resources and environmentally benign fuel such as biodiesel. In this study, ethyl fatty esters (EFEs), a major component of biodiesel fuel, were synthesized from soybean oil using sodium ethoxide as a catalyst. By-products were glycerol and difatty acyl urea (DFAU), which has biological characteristics, as antibiotics and antifungal medications. Both EFEs and DFAU have been characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique. The optimum conditions were studied as a function of reaction time, reactant molar ratios, catalyst percentage and the effect of organic solvents. The conversion ratio of soybea

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Publication Date
Thu May 11 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Mammographic Doses Measurement for A Thick Compressed Breast and the Relationship Between Them
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   This study was done in Baghdad teaching Hospital by using developed instrument type GIOHO and included a number of patients with compressed breast thickness (7,8,9,10)cm .

          The relationship between radiation dose and breast thickness was linear.  All results were compared with the international standered values that measured by the International Nuctear Agency and Europeon sources ,it was found that it is in consistance or has a little difference .

         The study showed that the mean absorbed dose may be determined by using TLD measurement below 10 mGy and the glandular dose was (1.45 mGy) and this can not b

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 01 2021
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
A Viscoplastic Modeling for Permanent Deformation Prediction of Rubberized and Conventional Mix Asphalt
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