Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a non-invasive optical technique that employs variations in light absorption produced by alteration in the blood volume in capillaries at the skin during the cardiac cycle. This study aims to understand factors related to PPG morphology; a hand-elevation, the study has modified blood flow to and from the finger was conducted in the laboratory. It is widely established that the position of the limb relative to the heart has an effect on blood flow in arteries and venous. Peripheral digital pulse wave (DPW) signals were obtained from 15 healthy volunteer participants during hand-elevation, and hand-lowering techniques wherein the right hand was lifted and lowered relative to heart level, while the left hand remained static. The pulse width, time to peak (TTP), the time to the maximum slope (TTMas) were computed from 30sec DPW signals at three positions of the right hand with regard to heart level, i.e. 35 cm above heart level (+35 cm), at the level of the heart (0 cm), and 35 cm below the level of the heart (-35 cm). DPW characteristics were found to alter with hand position. On lowering the hand to -35 cm relative to heart level, DPW width from the middle finger increased by (6%), but lowering the arm decreased the TTP (by 11 %), TTMas (by 18 %). These changes in time-dependent DPW indices may be attributed to changes in hydrostatic pressure and the venoarterial reflex that changes the blood vessels filling from completely filled one at -35 cm due to arterial vasoconstriction and decreased venous return to partially emptied blood vessels due to arterial vasodilatation and increased venous return at +35 cm. It was assumed that these time-dependent morphological DPW indices alterations were controlled by changes in downstream venous resistance rather than arterial or arteriolar, resistance. Keywords: photo plethysmography, hand elevation, vasoconstriction, vasodilation, vascular mechanics
ST segment, T wave changes, QT interval changes, and QTc dispersion are among the parameters used to diagnose ischemic heart disease. The increase in the QT dispersion can be caused by myocardial ischemia, among other heart diseases, whereas cardiac diseases such as coronary artery disease (CAD) can be diagnosed by observing an abnormally high QTc dispersion. This study aimed to evaluate the variations in the QTc dispersion (depolarization and repolarization) of surface electrocardiography as a result of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with chronic total occlusion. This study took place in the Iraqi Center for Heart Disease from October 2020 to February 2021. 110 patients who suffered from chronic occlusion of t
... Show MoreThe main role of infill drilling is either adding incremental reserves to the already existing one by intersecting newly undrained (virgin) regions or accelerating the production from currently depleted areas. Accelerating reserves from increasing drainage in tight formations can be beneficial considering the time value of money and the cost of additional wells. However, the maximum benefit can be realized when infill wells produce mostly incremental recoveries (recoveries from virgin formations). Therefore, the prediction of incremental and accelerated recovery is crucial in field development planning as it helps in the optimization of infill wells with the assurance of long-term economic sustainabi
New nitrone and selenonitrone compounds were synthesized. The condensation method between N-(2-hydroxyethyl) hydroxylamine and substituted carbonyl compounds such as [benzil, 4, 4́-dichlorobenzil and 2,2́ -dinitrobenzil] afforded a variety of new nitrone compounds while the condensation between N-benzylhydroxylamine and substituted selenocarbonyl compounds such as [di(4-fluorobenzoyl) diselenide and (4-chlorobenzoyl selenonitrile] obtained selenonitrone compounds. The condensation of N-4-chlorophenylhydroxylamine with dibenzoyl diselenide obtained another type of selenonitrone compounds. The structures of the synthesized compounds were assigned based on spectroscopic data (FT-IR,
... Show MoreThis paper studied kinetics of flotation of emulsified paraffine in water in bubble column with sodium .dodecylsulphate as a collector agent. The effects of oil drops and air bubble diameters on the flotation rate constant were studied. The removal rate for each oil drop size was first order with respect to oil drop concentration. An experimental procedure permitting determination of the first order rate constants for removal due to bubble/drop interaction was developed, decreasing bubble diameter by adding NaCl and increasing oil drop diameter increased the rate constants. A comparison between the experimental and theoretical rate constants showed
... Show MoreABSTRACT Background: This study aimed to study the effect of some acidic drinks (Vinegars and fresh Orange juice) and energy drinks (Red bull) on surface roughness of three types of bulkfill composite materials: Filtek posterior bulkfill (3M), Sonicfill (Kerr) and Filtek p60 (3M). Materials and Methods: Total number of 120 samples are prepared by using a mold of (12mm diameter and 3mm height), which were divided into three groups forty samples for each group: Group A: Filtek bulkfill posterior composite (3M), Group B: Sonicfill composite (Kerr), Group C: Filtek P60 (3 M) which then divided into four sub- groups (n=10) (1) samples were kept in distilled water as a control group (2) samples were immersed in Redbull (3) samples were immersed
... Show MoreThe effect of gamma rays on males and females ofCallasobruchus maculatus and Trogoderma granarium which were irradiated as 1-3 days old adults was investigated. The results revealed that the percent egg hatch for both pests was zero ,and average number of egg (34.2,21.5) for both pests respectively where their males where irradiated with 0.18 kGy and mated with unirradiated females. While the percent of egg hatch and the average number of egg (zero,21,3) respectively when the females where irradiated with 0.18 and 0.15 kGy and mated to unirradiated males for C. maculatus and T. granarium respectively. Furthermore, the results showed that the percent of eggs hatch and average number of egg was ( zero,22.7) for C. maculatus when both sexes i
... Show MoreThis study was conducted in fruit production lathe house of the Department Of Horticulture And Landscape Gardening, in the station (B), College Of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University Of Baghdad, Al-Jaadria for 8 months, began from 1/3/2019 to 1/9/2019 to investigate the responses of C35 Citrus rootstock to influence of foliar spraying of zinc and irrigation with smoking-water at 2 years old saplings. the study included two factors, first factor was three concentrations of Zinc Element Z0(0 mg.l-1), Z1(50 mg.l-1) and Z2(75 mg.l-1) that sprays at leave. The second factor was watering saplings with smoke-water in three concentrations S0(0 vol.vol-1), S1(0.1 vol.vol-1) and (0.2vol.vol-1), and their interaction. The experiment was fact
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