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A New Practical Method for Predicting Equivalent Drainage Area of Well in Tight Gas Reservoirs
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Abstract<p>The tight gas is one of the main types of the unconventional gas. Typically the tight gas reservoirs consist of highly heterogeneous low permeability reservoir. The economic evaluation for the production from tight gas production is very challenging task because of prevailing uncertainties associated with key reservoir properties, such as porosity, permeability as well as drainage boundary. However one of the important parameters requiring in this economic evaluation is the equivalent drainage area of the well, which relates the actual volume of fluids (e.g gas) produced or withdrawn from the reservoir at a certain moment that changes with time. It is difficult to predict this equivalent drainage area of well in tight gas reservoir as it takes utterly long time for reservoir pressure to reach to the impermeable physical boundary of the reservoir. The effective drainage area, which grows with time during the transient period; and consequently it is much smaller than the physical drainage arear over the transient flow period in case of tight gas reservoir because of the low permeability. Consequently the production forecasting using physical drainage area (as generally considered for conventional reservoir) can results not only significant error in estimation but also mislead the decision making process.</p><p>In this paper however, a practical method for predicting the equivalent drainage area of a fractured well in tight gas reservoir is proposed. This method is based upon combined gas material balance equation and decline curve analysis. The developed method is validated against reservoir simulation results, which demonstrates that the proposed method is accurate enough to predict the equivalent drainage area, and may be considered as a practical tool for production forecasting for tight gas reservoir. Sensitivity analyses are carried out to investigate various factors, such as porosity, permeability, facture length on equivalent drainage area for fractured vertical well in tight gas reservoir. Based on the sensitivity study it is observed that the fracture half-length and the porosity have strong impact on the equivalent drainage area, and propagation of equivalent drainage area with time.</p>
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Publication Date
Mon Jan 11 2021
Journal Name
Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research
The Effect of Low Velocity Impact Loading on SelfCompacting Concrete Reinforced with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers
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t-Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) reduces environmental noise and has more workability. This research presents an investigation of the behavior of SCC under mechanical loading (impact loading). Two types of cement have been used to produce SCC mixtures, Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and Portland Limestone Cement (PLC), which reduces the emission of carbon dioxide during the manufacturing process. The mixes were reinforced with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) which is usually used to improve the seismic performance of masonry walls, to replace lost steel reinforcements, or to increase column strength and ductility. Workability tests were carried out for fresh SCC. Prepared concrete slabs of 500×500×50mm were tested for lo

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 11 2023
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Baghdad's University Solar Power Potentials: An Exploration with PVsyst and Helioscope at Al-Khwarizmi College of Engineering
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Globally, buildings use about 40% of energy. Many elements, such as the physical properties of the structure, the efficiency of the cooling and heating systems, the activity of the occupants, and the building’s sustainability, affect the energy consumption of a building. It is really difficult to predict how much energy a building will need. To improve the building’s sustainability and create sustainable energy sources to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel combustion, estimating the building's energy use is necessary. This paper explains the energy consumed in the lecture building of the Al-Khwarizmi College of Engineering, University of Baghdad (UOB), Baghdad, Iraq. The weather data and the building construction informati

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 08 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Laser
PDF Sensing and differentiation between normal flora and pathogenic of E.coli Bacteria using 410 nm diode laser
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Abstract: Background: Optical biosensors offer excellent properties and methods for detecting bacteria when compared to traditional analytical techniques.  It allows direct detection of many biological and chemical materials.  Bacteria are found in the human body naturally non-pathogenic and pathologically, as they are found in other living organisms.  One of these bacteria is Escherichia coli (E. coli) which are found in the human body in its natural and pathogenic form. E.coli bacteria cause many diseases, including Stomach, intestines, urinary system infections, and others. The aim of this study: is sensing and differentiation between normal flora and pathogenic E.coli. Material and method:

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 16 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Cognitive Distortions and Time Management as Predictors of Academic Procrastination among Students from Al Aqsa Community College
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The study aimed to reveal the possibility of predicting academic procrastination through both Cognitive distortions and time management among students of Al-Aqsa Community College, as well as to reveal the level of both cognitive distortions, time management, and academic procrastination. Additionally, it aimed to identify the size of the correlation between cognitive distortions, time management, and academic procrastination. The study sample consisted of (250) students from Al-Aqsa community college students. The results of the study concluded that the mean for each level of cognitive distortions and academic procrastination is average. The mean level of time management is high. There is a statistically significant positive relationshi

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The variation of the Firm’s value considering the relationship between the financial structure and earnings per share
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The current research aims to determine the relationship of the impact of the components of the financing structure, especially financing through debts, as well as the earnings per share in the value of the shares of companies listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange. The research sample and identifying the strength of the combined effect of the ratio of financing through debt and earnings per share in maximizing The market value of the firm and the real value, as well as the variation between these relationships according to model of the real value of the companies and the market value of the research sample companies. The research community is represented by the Iraq Stock Exchange, while a conditional deliberate sample

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Publication Date
Sat May 01 2021
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
Evaluation of Volatile Organic Compounds from Broccoli Plants Infested with Myzus persicae and Parasitoids Aphidius colemani Attraction
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Abstract<p>Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from uninfested and infested broccoli plant samples with green peach aphid <italic>Myzus persicae</italic> were investigated by headspace solid microextraction (HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Overall, 25 compounds were identified in uninfested and infested broccoli plants. The HS-SPME combined with GC-MS analysis of the volatiles described the differences between the infested and uninfested broccoli plant samples. Based on peak area from the GC-MS analysis, the VOCs from infested broccoli were significantly greater than that from uninfested broccoli, such as D-limonene, Undecane, 3,4-dimethyl-, Heptane, </p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Wed Jul 11 2018
Journal Name
دراسات تربوية
Understanding the nature of the scientific endeavor among chemistry teachers according to the Educational Reform Project 2061
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Publication Date
Thu Apr 25 2019
Journal Name
Engineering And Technology Journal
Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial activities of Uracil and Uracil–Oxalate Complexes with Cr(III) and Fe(III)
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New complexes of the some trivalent transition metal ions of the uracil such as [M(Ura)3Cl3] and mixed ligand metal complexes with uracil and oxalic acid [M(Ura)2(OA)(OH2)Cl].H2O type, where (Ura)=Uracil, (OA= Oxalic acid dihydrate, (M= Cr+3 and Fe+3) were synthesized and characterized by the elemental analysis, FT.IR, electronic spectra, mass spectra and magnetic susceptibility as well as the conductivity measurements. Six–coordinated metal complexes were suggested for the isolated complexes of Cr+3 and Fe+3 with molecular formulas dependent on the nature of uracil and oxalic acid present. The proposed molecular structure for all complexes with their ions is octahedral geometries. The antibacterial efficiency was tested of metal salts, l

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Materials In Civil Engineering
Moisture Susceptibility and Fatigue Performance of Hydrated Lime–Modified Asphalt Concrete: Experiment and Design Application Case Study
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Hydrated lime has been recognized as an effective additive used to improve asphalt concrete properties in pavement applications. However, further work is still needed to quantify the effect of hydrated lime on asphaltic concrete performance under varied weather, temperature, and environmental conditions and in the application of different pavement courses. A research project was conducted using hydrated lime to modify the asphalt concretes used for the applications of wearing (surface), leveling (binder), and base courses. A previous publication reported the experimental study on the resistance to Marshall stability and the volumetric properties, the resilient modulus, and permanent deformation at three different weather temperatures. This

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 15 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Impact of Glycated Haemoglobin on salivary glucose among type 1 diabetic mellitus patients aged 18-22 years
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Background: Diabetes mellitus consists of a group of diseases characterized by abnormally high blood glucose levels. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) is a form of haemoglobin used to identify the average concentration of plasma glucose over prolonged periods of time. It is formed in a non-enzymatic pathway by normal exposure of hemoglobin to high levels of plasma glucose, The main alterations observed in the saliva of Type 1 diabetic patients are hyposalivation and alteration in its composition, particularly those related to the levels of glucose. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of Glycated haemoglobin level on the level of salivary glucose which may have an effect on oral health condition. Materials and methods

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