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Experimental study of natural convection heat transfer on an enclosure partially filled porous medium heated from below by constant heat flux
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This study reports on natural convection heat transfer in a square enclosure of length (L=20 cm) with a saturated porous medium (solid glass beads) having same fluid (air) at lower horizontal layer and free air fill in the rest of the cavity's space. The experimental work has been performed under the effects of heating from bottom by constant heat flux q=150,300,450,600 W/m2 for four porous layers thickness Hp (2.5,5,7.5,1) cm and three heaters length δ(20,14,7) cm. The top enclosure wall was good insulated and the two side walls were symmetrically cooled at constant temperature. Four layers of porous media with small porosity, Rayleigh number range (60.354 - 241.41) and (Da) 3.025x10-8 has been investigated. The obtained data of temperature from testing rig are used to extract the temperature distribution, local Nusselt number and average Nusselt number. Moreover, a comparison between the numerical result of the same problem published recently and present experimental results has been executed and discussed. It is evinced that; the heat transfer and fluid flow are affected by thickness of porous layer and be maximum at porous layer thickness (0.25L) with larger heater length(20cm) and heat flux (q= 600 Watt/m2) which is approximately (180%) for the average Nu when compared with (Hp=0.75L). Also, the effect of the increasing in heater length (δ) on the averaged heat transfer enhancement is more pronounced for large heater size and 25% of average enhancement is achieved for (δ=20cm) compared to (δ=7cm). However, the greater temperature distribution is found at Hp=2.5cm and 5cm at bottom and first quarter of the cavity (heater surface height Y=0 cm and Y=5 cm) respectively and minimum temperature at top (insulation wall Y=20 cm). Nearly, same shape for heat transfer for different case with clearly difference at small heater (δ=7cm).

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 14 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Evaluation of the Effect of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 on Stability of Dental Implant
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Background: The healing period for bone–implant contact takes 3–6 months or even longer. Application of Escherichia coli-derived recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (ErhBMP-2) to implant surfaces has been of great interest on osseointegration due to its osteoinductive potential. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of ErhBMP-2 on implant stability. Materials and methods: A total of 48 dental implants were inserted in 15 patients. Twenty four implants coated with 0.5 mg/ml ErhBMP-2 (study group). The other 24 implants were uncoated (control group). Each patient was received at least two dental implants at the same session. Both groups were followed with repeated implant stability measurements by me

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 26 2025
Journal Name
Al-fatih Journal
Effect of resistance training on the development of marital some elements of physical fitness
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يشهد العالم تقدما في كافة مجالات الحياة المختلفة وتزداد الحياة صعوبة يوما بعد يوم, ويزداد البحث في كافة المجالات التي تعمل على خدمة الإنسان ولقد طال هذا التقدم النشاط الرياضي ,فقد يكون لتطور التدريب الرياضي وتنوع أساليبه الدور الكبير في تحقيق اللياقة البدنية التي تعد إحدى أهم الأهداف التي يرمي إليها الدرس في كلية التربية الرياضية . واللياقة البدنية تستمد أهميتها من كونها إحدى مكونات اللياقة الشاملة التي بدو

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 19 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Applied And Natural Science
Effect of pigments of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on adhering and cytotoxicity of A549 cell line
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa  gram-negative, bacilli and facultative aerobic, P. aeruginosa cause cystic fibrosis patients, wounds, burns, and immunodeficienct patients,  that have many virulence factors such as pyocyanin , cytotoxic ,biofilm formation  and motility, Eighty-eight isolates belonging to P. aeruginosa were collected including the 66 clinical isolates obtained from different hospitals in Baghdad and were from different sources and 22 environmental isolates from previous studies of soil near oil fields. Microscopical and cultural characteristics were studied and diagnosed using biochemical tests, VITEC device, their ability to adhere to non-living (Polystyrene), living cell line (A549) and cytotoxicity of bacterial filtrate

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Assessment of the Impact of Zebra Mussels on the Ecosystem of the Tigris River
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     10 sites were selected for investigating zebra mussels in the Tigris River for the study that was conducted for the period from January to December 2020. The results of this investigation showed that zebra mussels were recorded in the Tigris at Taji on sites 7, 8, 9 and 10, while it was not found in the Tigris at Kut on sites 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. This is the first time that this species was ever recorded in the Tigris. It was found that the sites where zebra mussels appeared had a clear impact on the decrease in the total organic carbon %age and turbidity (NTU). High dissolved oxygen values were observed in the sites where zebra mussels were recorded, and the appearance of zebra mussels in these sites caused a clear decrease in

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 18 2021
Journal Name
Egyptian Journal Of Chemistry
Investigation of the Influence of Membrane Type on the Performance of Microbial Fuel Cell
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Publication Date
Sun Dec 07 2008
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The effect of doping ratio of Cu on the structural properties of CdSe Films
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Films of CdSe have been prepared by evaporation technique with thickness 1µm. Doping with Cu was achieved using annealing under argon atmosphere . The Structure properties of these films are investigated by X-ray diffraction analysis. The effect of Cu doping on the orientation , relative intensity, grain size and the lattice constant has been studied. The pure CdSe films have been found consist of amorphous structure with very small peak at (002) plane. The films were polycrystalline for doped CdSe with (1&2wt%) Cu contents and with lattice constant (a=3.741,c=7.096)A°, and it has better crystallinty as the Cu contents increased to (3&5wt%) Cu. The reflections from [(002), (102). (110), (112), and (201)]planes are more prominen

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Publication Date
Sat Mar 01 2008
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
The effect of Cu concentration on some of the electrical properties of CdSe films
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The CdSe pure films and doping with Cu (0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 4.0wt%) of thickness 0.9μm have been prepared by thermal evaporation technique on glass substrate. Annealing for all the prepared films have been achieved at 523K in vacuum to get good properties of the films. The effect of Cu concentration on some of the electrical properties such as D.C conductivity and Hall effect has been studied.
It has been found that the increase in Cu concentration caused increase in d.c conductivity for pure CdSe 3.75×10-4(Ω.cm)-1 at room temperatures to maximum value of 0.769(Ω.cm)-1 for 4wt%Cu.All films have shown two activation energies, where these value decreases with increasing doping ratio. The maximum value of activation energy was (0.319)eV f

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Impact of Intellectual trends on the nature of the Economic Structure of Iraq
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The Impact of Intellectual trends on the nature of the Economic Structure of Iraq

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Publication Date
Mon Nov 08 2021
Journal Name
Caspian Journal Of Environmental Sciences 20 (1),
Evaluate the effect of alcoholic extraction of walnut on gonadal hormones of treated rats
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Publication Date
Sat Mar 30 2002
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Effects of Drying Conditions on the Properties of Dried Particles of Powdered steep Liquor
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