Developing smart city planning requires integrating various techniques, including geospatial techniques, building information models (BIM), information and communication technology (ICT), and artificial intelligence, for instance, three-dimensional (3D) building models, in enabling smart city applications. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the role and significance of geospatial techniques in smart city planning and implementation. The literature review encompasses (74) studies from diverse databases, examining relevant solutions and prototypes related to smart city planning. The focus highlights the requirements and preparation of geospatial techniques to support the transition to a smart city. The paper explores various aspects, such as the advantages and challenges of geospatial techniques, data collection and analysis methodologies, and case studies showcasing successful implementations of smart city initiatives. The research concludes that geospatial techniques are instrumental in driving the development of smart cities. By analyzing and synthesizing the outcomes of the reviewed articles, this study establishes the essential contribution of geospatial techniques in successfully realizing the vision of smart cities.
Natural fibers and particles reinforced composites are being broadly used due to their bio and specific properties such as low density and easy to machine and production with low cost. In this work, water absorption and mechanical properties such as tensile strength, flexural strength and impact strength of recycled jute fibers reinforced epoxy resin were enhanced by treating these fibers with alkaline solution. The recycled jute fibers were treated with different concentration of (NaOH) solution at (25 0C) for a period of (24) hours. From the obtained results, it was found that all these properties are improved when fibers treated with (7.5wt% NaOH) related to untreated fibers. Conversely, the mentioned properties of composit
... Show MoreThe present paper applies Fanon Psychological reading of the problem of the Black introduced in his book Black Skin White Mask to Crooks, The black Character in John Steinbeck’s Of Mice and Men. The analysis of this character infers three essential points regarding the artistic achievement of the author. First, he uses a fictional character that offers a psychological interpretation of the black problem of alienation and loneliness in a way that does not disgrace the black. Second, he applies Fanon’s way of showing the various attitudes that the black adopts in contact with the white society. Third, he affirms that the black inferiority complex comes as a result of double proc
... Show MoreThe construction of development is required to develop various economic sectors with the necessity to meet the various requirement of both individuals and institutions , or through the import process , which must be commensurate with the needs of the market and the economy and development. But in fact , we found that the process of import in Iraq after 2003 took a turn dangerous excesses on limits of philosophy and objectives of the import , which reflected the level of national production as well as the policy of dumping and given to the lack of matching a lot of goods and materials imported for Standards and Measures of quality and stands behind it causes many of them exposure to the market and weak sectors with an o
... Show MoreBackground: Urine cytology has an acceptable sensitivity, & specificity that justifies its use in the current diagnostic protocol. In Iraq transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) constitute about 62.1 % of bladder cancer (which ranks the third according to the results of Iraqi Cancer Registry 1995-1997). Urine cytology used in the primary diagnosis, follow up, and in the screening programs of asymptomatic but high-risk patients.
Patients and methods: This study was conducted on 93 patients, diagnosed or clinically suspected to have TCC of the urinary bladder attending to the Urological department in ALKadhimiya Teaching Hospital, AL-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital, and Baghdad Medical City. During the p
Preparation of epoxy/ TiO2 and epoxy/ Al2O3 nanocomposites is studed and investigated in this paper. The nano composites are processed by different nano fillers concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.02 ,0.03, 0.04 ,0.05 ,0.07 and 0.1 wt%). The particles sized of TiO2,Al2O3 are about 20–50 nm.Epoxy resin and nano composites containing different shape nano fillers of (TiO2:Al2O3 composites),are shear mixing with ratio 1 to 1,with different nano hybrid fillers concentrations( 0.025 ,0.0 5 ,0.15 ,0.2, and 0.25 wt%) to Preparation of epoxy/ TiO2- Al2O3 hybrid composites. The mechanical properties of nanocomposites such as bending ,wearing, and fatigue are investigated as mechanical properties.
Phytoplankton, as one of the most important primary producers in aquatic ecosystems, has been widely used to indicate the health of ecosystems. Nine physico-chemical parameters of water, as well as the phytoplankton community, of Al-Chibayish marsh were studied. Samples were collected from four sites and analyzed every two months from January to October 2019.
Seasonal variations in physical and chemical properties were observed at all sites during the study period. The results indicated that 154 species of phytoplankton were recorded. The highest percentage of species was recorded to be 64.28% for Bacillariophyceae (diatoms) (Centrales 3.24% and Pennales 61.03%), followed by Chlorophyceae (16.23%), Cyanophyceae
... Show MoreBackground Tinea versicolor is a common dermatological problem worldwide in distribution, caused by dimorphic fungus called Malassezia furfur, they exist at the very interface between
commensal and pathogen and, as such, their interaction with the human immune system is of great interest. Immuno-inflamatory activity mediated by different cytokines could have a role in the etiology of tinea versicolor.
Patients and Method: The study covered 46 subjects .It comprised 26 patients with TV compared with 20 healthy normal controls. Serum IL-6 analysis was done by ELISA.
Results: The level of IL-6 was elevated in patients with tinea versicolor, when compared with healthy control
Conclusion: IL-6 increases du
Recent developments in two main phases of cumulus cloud studies are discussed; first the relations between the clouds and their energy sources in the subcloud layer and second, the interaction between the clouds and their environment in the cloud layer. Under the first heading, the various originating impulses for cumulus formation are mentionitd. and how the character of this impulse affects the spacing, scale and temperature structure of the clouds. The possible origins of trade cumuli are considered.