The effect of water stress induced by using polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) on germination of seeds and growth of seedlings of Silybum marianum was studied.  Two  concentrations  of PEG  were used to get two water stresses (-0.4 & -0.8 bar) as well as the control for comparison. The results showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in germination  ratio compared  with  the control.  The ratio did  not slow down to less than 50% which indicates the ability of the seeds to resist water stress to some extent. Also, a significant decrease (P<0.05)  in the  length  of  shoot  and  root was  observed  compared with the control. This plant showed

This study was aime to investigate the effect of addition different concentration of celery leaves to white soft cheese ,Treated cheese between 2018-2019, ,The finely Celery (Apium graveolens) leaves were adding to crude white cheese after texturizing in three leveles included (A,B,C) in addition of control antimicrobial activity of celery treated cheese against total account bacteria and coliform bacteria was estimated during (0, 5, 10, 15, 20) days. The results were shown that the higher concentration of celery in treated cheese, had a lower concentration of protein, lipid and ash content ( 16.81,15.13 and 4.30% respectively, but it had a higher moisture content 59.50%.also the total bacteria counts were decreasing significantly (0.05 P)w

    The experiment was conducted in the glass house in a  nursery at the growth season 2013.The experiment was designed by  the Completely Randomized Blocks Design(CRBD).The seeds of two varieties of eggplant were studied.They were : 1.Lot (Number)Melaneana  an American species,2.Aydinsiyah a Turkish species.We used three periods of water stress(1,8 ,16)days  respectively, and three concentrations of proline acid (0,50,100) ppm using three frequents for each treatment.The experiment contained 54 experimental unit.The seeds were planted on the 30th/8/2013 in the glass house of the nursery, a month later, we put the plantelet in pots with good  fertilized soil in the glass house.Some growth features were

Erbil city is located in the northern Iraq with a population of over one million people. Due to water crises farmers usually use wastewater and well water for the agricultural production. In this study six stations were designed to sample waste water and three from well water to define waste water and ground water characteristics. In this study, Residual Na⁺ Carbonate, Mg⁺⁺ hazard, salinity hazard, Kelley index, %sodium, total hardness, permeability index, potential salinity, sodium adsorption ratio, and Irrigation Water Quality Index (IWQI) were determined. The order of average cation concentrations in water was Mg²⁺> Ca²⁺ > Na⁺ > K⁺. While the proportion of main

In diabetes, impaired wound healing and other tissue abnormalities are considered major concerns. Many factorsaffect the time and quality of wound healing. One of the purposes of medical sciences is wound healing in a short time withreduced side effects. The herbal products are more precious in both prophylaxis as well as curative in delayed diabetic woundhealing activity when compared to synthetic drugs.A wide range of evidence has shown that capers plant possesses differentbiological effects, including antioxidant, anticancer and antibacterial effects. Phytochemical analysis shows thatC. spinosahashigh quantities of bioactive constituents, including polyphenolic compounds, which are responsible for its health-promotingeffects. The healing

The current study dealt with the effect of water extract of pomegranate peel plant on Oscillatoria amoena growth  that isolated from Diwaniya river, The effect of the pomegranate extract was measured by calculating the total number of cells and the absorbance values of the alga. Three concentrations were used 3.5, 7 and 14 mg/ml from extract of pomegranate fruit peel in addition to the control group. The results showed that exposing the alga to concentrate 14 mg/ml led to lower growth sharply, while the rest of the concentrations 3.5 and 7 mg/ml also decreased the growth gradually. The absorbance values showed a decline similar to the number of cells during the period of the exposure.

Two field experiments were conducted during the spring season 2020 in Karbala governorate to study the effect of irrigation systems, irrigation intervals, biofertilizers and polymers on some characteristics of vegetative growth and potato production. The results showed that there were significant differences in the values of the average plant height due to the effect of the double interference between the irrigation system and the improvers, The height of potato plant under any irrigation system was superior when adding conditioners compared to the control treatment, as it reached 48.56, 58.00 and 64.33cm when adding polymer, biofertilizer, and polymers+ biofertilizers, respectively compared with the control treatment of 44.64cm in the surf

By- products of corn starch industry were used to prepare media for propagation the lactic acid bacteria as a natural auxotroph. The by- products used were the corn steep water (S) and gluten extract (G) after a proper treatment to get them ready for media preparation. The results showed that it was possible to replace the peptone and meat extract by gluten extract in MRS medium. The growth was approximately similar to that obtained in standard MRS media. Corn steep water (S) was used as well and the growth enhanced by including Tween – 80 at 1% level. The later media named MZ, which was superior for growing standard and local strains and starters. The MZ medium modified by adding acetate and glacial acetic acid similarly to

The experiment was conducted inside a glasshouse at the Department of Biology/
Education college Ibn- Alhaitham/ Baghdad University during the growing season 2010-2011. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of increasing of NaCl concentration in
the nutrient solution and different concentrations of proline as spray on the vegetative growth
on the chlorophyll content, soluble carbohydrates percentage, flowers number and the proline
content of vegetative growth. The aim of this study was also to determine the satiable
concentration of proline while decrease the injerion. Effect of NaCl on the studied traits of
two hyborids of tomato plants namely Olga F1 and Hymar F1. Sodium chloride concentration
of 0

The study was conducted to evaluate the antifungal activity of the aqueous and
alcoholic extract and the essential oil of E. incrassata leaves toward some biological
characteristics of the water mold S. ferax. Chemical analysis of the plant leaves using HPLC
showed the content of several active compounds included 1,8-Cineole, Terpineal, Citronellal,
Phellendrene and Citiric acid.
Treatment of the fungus growing on solid media containing different concentrations of
the extracts showed significant gradual decrease in radial growth with the increasing
concentration, and the effect varied with the different extracts.
Treatment of the fungus grown in distilled water on sesame seeds with different
concentratio