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Treatment of Al-Muthanna Petroleum Refinery Wastewater by Electrocoagulation Using a Tubular batch Electrochemical Reactor
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Abstract<p>An electrocoagulation process has been used to eliminate the chemical oxygen demand (COD) from wastewaters discharged from the Al-Muthanna petroleum refinery plant. In this process, a circular aluminum bar was used as a sacrificial anode, and hallow cylinder made from stainless steel was used as a cathode in a tubular batch electrochemical Reactor. Impacts of the operating factors like current density (5-25mAcm<sup>-2</sup>), NaCl addition at concentrations (0-2g/l), and pH at values (3-11) on the COD removal efficiency were studied.</p><p>Results revealed that the increase in current density increases the COD removal efficiency, whereas an increase in NaCl concentration results in a decline in the COD removal efficiency. Using a pH value higher or lower than 7 causes a lowering of the COD removal efficiency. A current density of 15mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, NaCl concentration of 1g/l, and pH value of 7 were found to be the best operating conditions in which COD removal efficiency of 95.3% was achieved at a treatment time 45 minutes with an energy consumption of 27.78kWh/kg COD. Based on these conditions, a COD value of 20 ppm could be obtained, which is below the standard limit for discharging petroleum refinery effluents.</p>
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Publication Date
Sun Jun 30 2013
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Community and Individual Causes of Students Failure in Al Kindy College of Medicine 2012
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Bac kground:
Failure is the state or condition of not meeting a desirable or intended objective, and may be viewed as the opposite of success; students always have a question "Why did I get this grade. On the contrary success leads towards new sources of earning, in fact there are a lot of interacting factors play such extrinsic and extrinsic to reach success.
Objec t i ves :
To explore internal and external factors causing students failure in medical college and to reconnoiter factors improve academic performance.
Methods: A cross-sectional study, conducted in Al Kindy College of Medicine, for the period from November 8th 2012 to May 1st 2013. Formal ethical considerations were obtained about participation and methodology. A

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Family Medicine &amp; Primary Care Review
Assessment of depressive symptoms among students at Al-Kindy College of Medicine in Baghdad
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Publication Date
Sat Apr 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Investigation of Groundwater and The Impact of Over-Pumping in Al-Haydariyah Region, Iraq
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In this study; a three-dimensional model was created to simulate groundwater in Al-Haydariyah area of the governorate of Al-Najaf. A solid model was created to utilize the cross sections of 25 boreholes in the research region, and it was made out of two layers: sand and clay. The steady-state calibration was employed in six observation wells to calibrate the model and establish the hydraulic conductivity, which was 17.49 m/d for sand and 1.042 m/d for clay, with a recharge rate of 0.00007 m/day. The wells in the research region were reallocated with a distance of 1500 m between each well, resulting in 140 wells evenly distributed throughout the study area and with a discharge of 5 l/s, and the scenarios were run for 1000

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
New vision of Mr. Abdul Mahdi Al-Muttafiqi in the light of unpublished documents
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New vision of Mr. Abdul Mahdi Al-Muttafiqi in the light of unpublished documents

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 04 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Determination Of Sedimentary Environment Of Al-koot-Betera Project Soils From South- Mesopotamia Plain
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Soils at Al-Koot-Btera were choosen to determine their sedimentary
environments. It is found that there are , five soil series and as mentioned :
MF11-MW9-DM97-DM57-DF95 . The five found soil series are of internal
well drained ,moderate and imperfect. Their textures vary in moderately,fine
and moderately fine.
indicating that sediments rang from poorly to very poorly sorting. Values of median
diameter Md Ø range between 4.11-7.80 Ø .The relation between the sorting
and median diameter shows that 95.24% of samples is a sedimentary
environment of aquite river , while 4.76% is aeolian sediments.
The values of meso to platy kurtic of most horizon materials rang
between 0.67-1.26 Ø .That is to say the samples

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Improvement of the Hydrodynamic Behavior and Water Quality Assessment of Al-Chibayish Marshes, Iraq
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Al-Chibayish Marsh (CM)  is considered as the major part of Central Marshes area of this marsh is 1050 Km². The water quality of these marshes is suffering from salt accumulation due to intensive dam construction, limited supply of water from sources,  climate change impacts, and the absence of outlet flow from these marshes, specifically at low flow periods. So, the current research aims to assess and improve these marshes' hydraulic behavior and water quality and define the best location for outlet drains.  Field measurements and laboratory tests were conducted for two periods (November 2020 and February 2021) to define the (TDS) concentrations at nine different locations. Samples were also examined for water's phy

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 30 2016
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Evaluating the Students Perception of Academic Learning Environments in AL-Kindy Collage of Medicine
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Background: Educational environment is one of the most important determinants of an effective curriculum. Students' perceptions of their educational environment have a significant impact on their behavior and academic progress. Objective: 1. To identify students’ perception to the educational environment.2. To identify any gender or class level differences in the students’ perception.Type of the study: This is a descriptive cross-sectional studyMethodology: The study was carried out on convenient sample of 150 students of 2nd and 5th grade. This study was done in Al Kindy Medical College, Baghdad, Iraq and conducted during the period from the 1st of October 2013 till the end of March 2014, by using DREEM questionnaire a validated uni

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
EFFECT OF COOLING RATE ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF EUTECTIC AND HYPOEUTECTIC Al-Si ALLOYS
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In this research the effect of cooling rate and mold type on mechanical properties of the eutectic
and hypoeutectic (Al-Si) alloys has been studied. The alloys used in this research work were (Al- 12.6%Si
alloy) and (Al- 7%Si alloy).The two alloys have been melted and poured in two types of molds with
different cooling rates. One of them was a sand mold and the other was metal mold. Mechanical tests
(hardness, tensile test and impact test) were carried out on the specimens. Also the metallographic
examination was performed.
It has been found that the values of hardness for the alloys(Al-12.6%Si and Al-7%Si) which poured in
metal mold is greater than the values of hardness for the same alloy when it poured in a heated

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 13 2011
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Environmental Study of Some Water Characteristics at Um-Al-Naaj Marsh, South of Iraq.
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Um-Al-Naaj region in Al-Hawiezah Marsh, Southern Iraq was chosen to study the environmental variations of some water characteristics during 2008, seasonally. The results showed clear seasonal changes in values of some environmental variables (temperature, depth, light penetration, turbidity, total suspended solids, pH, dissolved oxygen, reactive phosphate, reactive nitrite, and reactive nitrate), while there were no clear seasonal changes in electrical conductivity and salinity values. In addition, high nutrients concentrations and light penetration were noted. Statistical analysis showed significant positive relationship between air and water temperature; electrical conductivity and salinity. Water turbidity was significantly affecte

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 13 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Effect of tempering on thermal analysis of Al-Ti-Si alloy and its composites
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The investigation of the effect of tempering on thermal analysis of
Al-Ti-Si alloy and its composites with MgO and SiC particles was
performed. Thermal analysis was performed before and after
tempering by DSC scan. Optical microscopy was used to identify the
phases and precipitations that may be formed in base alloy and
composites. X-ray diffraction test indicated that the Al3Ti is the main
phase in Al-Ti-Si alloy in addition to form Al5Ti7Si12 phase. Some
chemical reactions can be occurred between reinforcements and
matrix such as MgO.Al2O3 in Al-Ti/MgO, and Al4C3 and Al(OH)3 in
Al-Ti/SiC composite. X-ray florescence technique is used to
investigate the chemical composition of the fabricated specimens.
H

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