doi:10.14710/nmjn.v12i3.47107

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Publication Date

Sun Dec 25 2022

Journal Name

Nurse Media Journal Of Nursing

Volume

12

Issue Number

3 (December 2022)

DOI

10.14710/nmjn.v12i3.47107

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Targeting Smoking Triggers: A Nurse-led Intervention for Tobacco Smoking Cessation

Smoking Triggers

A Nurse-led Intervention

Tobacco

Smoking Cessation

Sadeq

Ali Hussein Alek

Musaab Majid

Shaymaa Mohammed

Linda

Abdulellah

Mayada

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Background: Nursing interventions tailored to the smoking triggers in patients with non-communicable chronic diseases are essential. However, these interventions are scant due to the nature of factors associated with smoking cessation and the poor understanding of the effect of nurse-led intervention in Iraq.Purpose: This study aimed to determine the dominant smoking triggers and examine the effects of a tailored nursing intervention on smoking behavior in patients with non-communicable chronic diseases.Methods: Convenience samples of 128 patients with non-communicable chronic diseases, male and female patients, who were 18-70 years old, were recruited in this quasi-experimental, randomized comparative trial in the outpatient clinic in one major teaching hospital in Baghdad City, Iraq. The intervention included simple yet specific instructions that were given both orally and in written form to the study samples to enable them to manage their craving to smoke for 6 weeks. The smoking triggers were assessed using Why Do You Smoke questionnaire. Participants were randomly allocated to receive either the nurse-led intervention or standard care. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent sample t-tests, logistic regression, and two-sided tests.Results: Stress reduction was the dominant smoking trigger among subjects. The percentage of participants who were either able to completely quit smoking or reduce the number of smoked cigarettes per day (n=19, 29.7%; n=28, 43.8%, respectively) was greater in the study group than those in the control group (n=5, 5.8%; n=5, 5.8%, respectively). Study findings demonstrated significant differences in the inability to improve readiness to quit smoking between the intervention group and control group (p=0.000) at the sixth-week follow-up.Conclusion: The tailored nursing intervention was effective for a successful achievement of smoking reduction and cessation among patients with non-communicable chronic diseases, and a potential to equip nurses in clinical settings to support patients to achieve this is recommended.

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Publication Date

Sun Sep 04 2011

Journal Name

Baghdad Science Journal

Pulse Profile Rule in Laser Heating of Opaque Targets in Air

A theoretical model is developed to determine time evolution of temperature at the surface of an opaque target placed in air for cases characterized by the formation of laser supported absorption waves (LSAW) plasmas. The model takes into account the power temporal variation throughout an incident laser pulse

(i.e. pulse shape

or simply: pulse profile). Three proposed profiles are employed and results are compared with the square pulse approximation of a constant power.

Bassam H.

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A theoretical model is developed to determine time evolution of temperature at the surface of an opaque target placed in air for cases characterized by the formation of laser supported absorption waves (LSAW) plasmas. The model takes into account the power temporal variation throughout an incident laser pulse, (i.e. pulse shape, or simply: pulse profile).
Three proposed profiles are employed and results are compared with the square pulse approximation of a constant power.

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Publication Date

Sun Oct 01 2006

Journal Name

Journal Of The Faculty Of Medicine Baghdad

Alcoholic Liver Disease: Alfa Fetoprotein Alteration, Hematological & Biochemical Characteristics

Alcoholic liver disease

Alfa fetoprotein

gamma glutamyl transpeptidase. Statistical analysis: Chi square tests and the mean value with SD for each value were determined using ANOVA. A p value of <0.05 was considered to be positive.

Aswad

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Background: Alcohol remains the single most significant cause of liver disease throughout the Western world, responsible for between 40 and 80% of cases of cirrhosis in different countries. Many of the factors underlying the development of alcoholic liver injury remain unknown, and significant questions remain about the value of even very basic therapeutic strategies.
Patients and Methods: In a cross sectional study, 113 alcoholic patients with evidence of liver disease in the absence of other significant etiology attending the Gastoenterorology and Hepatology Teaching Hospital between December 2001 and December 2003 were studied for the hematological and biochemical spectrum of alcoholic liver disease in

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Publication Date

Sat Sep 01 2018

Journal Name

Polyhedron

Novel dichloro (bis {2-[1-(4-methylphenyl)-1H-1, 2, 3-triazol-4-yl-κN3] pyridine-κN}) metal (II) coordination compounds of seven transition metals (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Cd)

The 1

3-dipolar cycloaddition “click” reaction between an azide and an alkyne to give a 1

2

3-triazole was reported by Huisgen in 1961 [1]. In 2002 the Copper(I)-catalyzed Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition (CuAAC) to prepare a 1

2

3-triazole was reported [2]

[3]. The existence of relatively basic nitrogen atoms in the 1

2

3-triazole rings

and the possibility of introducing additional donor groups in the substituents (Fig. 1)

made the CuAAC “click” reaction an attractive method to prepare differently substituted 1

2

3-triazoles. These compounds have been used as ligands to coordinate to various metal ions that display a range of applications such as in electrochemical and photochemical studies

in supramolecular chemistry

magnetism

metal-ion sensing and catalysis [4]. The reasons for the success of the “click” reaction

is that it is easy to carry out and is widely applicable. It is not affected by a variety of functional groups

and can be carried out with a variety of Cu(I) catalysts and solvents

including aqueous conditions. The Cu(I) catalysts overcome the high activation energy barrier of the non-catalyzed Huisgen reaction by changing the mechanism of the reaction. A large variety of copper catalysts can be used for the CuAAC reaction

on condition that the maximum concentration of Cu(I) species is generated during the reaction. The pre-catalyst can be a Cu(II) salt (usually CuSO4) together with a reducing agent (often sodium ascorbate) or a Cu(I) compound in the presence of a base or amine ligand and a reducing agent to prevent oxidation to Cu(II). Some strong oxidising cupric salts or complexes such as Cu(OAc)2 also work. The solvent is very flexible from organic to aqueous

with the most commonly used combination water + an alcohol (t-BuOH

MeOH or EtOH). The key role of the solvent or solvent mixture is to solubilize the substrates and Cu(I) catalyst in order to ensure rapid reactions. Such aqueous conditions are very useful for biochemical conjugations

as well as for organic syntheses. We recently reported on the synthesis of a series of differently substituted 1

2

3-triazole chromophores

the substituted 2-(1-phenyl-1H-1

2

3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine ligands [5]

see Fig. 2 middle

with substituents R = H (L1)

CH3 (L2)

OCH3 (L3)

COOH

F

Cl

CN

CF3

O(CH2)3CH3 and N(CH3)2. These versatile ligands were found to coordinate to various first row transition metals

such as manganese

cobalt and nickel [6]. Here we extend the series to include more first row transition metal(II) coordination compounds

iron

copper and zinc

as well as a second row transition metal(II) coordination compound

cadmium

containing the 2-(1-(4-methyl-phenyl)-1H-1

2

3-triazol-1-yl)pyridine chromophore (Fig. 2 right with R = CH3). This series of seven novel coordination compounds is the first series of pyridyl-triazole based transition metal coordination compounds where seven different transition metals are coordinated to the same 1

2

3-triazole chromophore

namely 2-(1-(4-methyl-phenyl)-1H-1

2

3-triazol-1-yl)pyridine.

Kinaan M

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Publication Date

Tue Jan 02 2007

Journal Name

Journal Of The Faculty Of Medicine Baghdad

The effect of Fenugreek oil (Iraqi fenugreek seeds' extract) on Adult uncoupled rats and mice ovaries Histological and hormonal assay

Fenugreek herb(Trigonella-foenum graecum). Fenugreek oil Rats(Rattus norvegicus). Mice. Ovaries. Folliculogenesis. Crude Fenugreek seeds. a contraceptive pill. Hormonal Assay. mini VIDAS technique. electrone microtome. light microscope. Histological morphometry. H & E stain (Haematoxylin&Eosin stain). Statistical analysis. Photography. Prostaglandins. tocopherol (vitamin E). haematoxylin and eosin stain.

Israa M.

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Background: Fenugreek herb is one of the most abundant plants in our country. The dried ripe seeds of this plant are the effective medicinal part the plant.
Aim of the work: The aim of this study is to determine the pharmacological effect of a new chemical substance that has been extracted from crude fenugreek seeds which has a hormonal like action and to assess the safety of this experimental material in order to recommend it in future as a stimulator for ovulation or a contraceptive pill.
Materials and Methods: Sixty uncoupled female rats and mice were enrolled in this study, categorized into groups as mentioned in the text. Prolactin, estradiol and progesterone serum levels where measured for all gr

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Publication Date

Tue Apr 01 2014

Journal Name

Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences

Financial markets liquidity and their impact in the return of common stocks

The research aimed to study the financial markets liquidity and returns of common stocks

Take the research the theoretical concepts associated with each of the liquidity of financial markets and returns of common stocks

As well as the use of mathematical methods in the practical side to measure market liquidity and Stocks Return

the community of research in listed companies in Iraqi stock exchange that have been trading on its stock and number 85 joint-stock company

The research was based to one premise

there is a statistically significant effect for the liquidity of the Iraqi stock exchange on returns of common stocks to traded companies in which

Using the SPSS program was to test the hypothesis research population represented Iraq Stock Exchange for a period of three years (2010-2012) on a monthly basis. The research found the set of conclusions most important rising market liquidity for Iraq Stock Exchange and followed increase in return of common stocks for a period of research

as the results of statistical analysis indicated the presence of a statistically significant effect of moral Iraq Stock Exchange liquidity on returns of common stocks

and most important recommendations should the Iraq Stock Exchange work to expand its activities in electronic trading

by providing the possibility of trading for investors through the Internet

and not limited to trading within the market

and should work to reduce the transaction costs to raise the liquidity common stock

and thus reflect positively on the liquidity of the Iraq Stock Exchange brokerage firms associated with it .

اياد طاهر

محمد حمدان

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The research aimed to study the financial markets liquidity and returns of common stocks , Take the research the theoretical concepts associated with each of the liquidity of financial markets and returns of common stocks , As well as the use of mathematical methods in the practical side to measure market liquidity and Stocks Return, the community of research in listed companies in Iraqi stock exchange that have been trading on its stock and number 85 joint-stock company, The research was based to one premise, there is a statistically significant effect for the liquidity of the Iraqi stock exchange on returns of common stocks to traded companies in which , Using th

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Publication Date

Wed Dec 01 2021

Journal Name

Structures

The effect of ground motion characteristics on the fragility analysis of reinforced concrete frame buildings in Australia

The seismic performance of buildings can be assessed through fragility analysis as it yields the probability of the demand exceeding the capacity at a specified level of intensity. Although it's well-identified that earthquake uncertainties dominate the fragility characteristics

the influence of the characteristics of the earthquake on the fragility analysis is not well investigated. This study aims to compare the effect of earthquake characteristics on the fragility values of typical buildings in Australia. To achieve this

a typical reinforced concrete building is selected and modeled using a finite element approach. Various ground motion suites

such as near-fault

far-fault

and long-duration are selected

and the fragility analysis has been carried out for each ground motion suite. It is observed that the variation in the median values of the collapse fragilities can be as high as 48% between short-duration and long-duration ground motions

and about 40% between long-duration and pulse-like ground motions.

Aya

Sujith

Javad

Alaa

M.D. Morshed

Abbas A.

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(2)

Publication Date

Mon Nov 01 2010

Journal Name

Al-nahrain Journal Of Science

Chemical Elements Diffusion in the Solar Interior

The standard solar model and equation of state have been used to study relative diffusion of Hydrogen and Helium in the present time for solar interior

as a function of distance and depth from the center of the star. The effects of temperature and density on diffusion velocity for these chemical elements have been explaned. It is found that heat flow which is arising from these reactions leads to an increase in helium diffusion velocity

while the temperature and density leading to a decrease in Hydrogen diffusion velocity. This means that Hydrogen behaves inversely with that for helium does through these reactions. Accordingly

diffusion percentages for Hydrogen

Helium and other Heavy Elements could be determined for the main sequence stars and white dwarf stars.

H.

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Publication Date

Sat Oct 01 2016

Journal Name

Journal Of Theoretical And Applied Information Technology

Factors affecting global virtual teams’ performance in software projects

Today the trend is to perform software development work via distributed geographical area among team

individual or even as an organization. However

due to the global market and international presence of many companies

there is a need to implement a global virtual teams. The global virtual team members are gradually engaged in globalized business environments across space

time and organizational boundaries via information and communication technologies. A global virtual team relies on communication

collaboration

and information exchange are the most important criteria in global virtual teams’ operations. The purpose of this paper is to answer two research questions. The first research question is to identify the factors affecting global virtual teams’ performance. A systematic literature review was conducted to answer the first research question. The second research question is on what the rank of the factor affecting the global virtual teams’ performance according to their level of effect on global virtual teams’ performance. Online survey was conducted within 103 developers and IT managers from eight IT companies to answer the second research question. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS 22) was used to analyze the collected data. In this study

we investigated factors that affect global virtual teams’ performance

factors considered include cultural differences

language problems

time-zone differences

team size

technical problems

lack of trust

lack of sufficient training

and ICT problems. Also the findings indicated that lack of sufficient training is the highest level of effect on global virtual teams’ performance. On the other hand

Ali Yahya Gheni

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(22)

Publication Date

Sun Oct 17 2021

Journal Name

Iraqi Journal Of Physics

The effect of inorganic pigment on the tensile properties of polycarbonate irradiated with UV – light

The effect of UV-light on the tensile properties of pure PC has been studied. It was shown that irradiation of PC undergo a drop in the tensile properties of 30 hour of exposure. The results of irradiated samples shows that the addition of ZnO and TiO2 with different percentages (0.5

1

1.5 %) will reduce the Young modulus and ultimate stress of PC/ZnO

PC/ TiO2 composites

Z. R.

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The effect of UV-light on the tensile properties of pure PC has been studied. It was shown that irradiation of PC undergo a drop in the tensile properties of 30 hour of exposure. The results of irradiated samples shows that the addition of ZnO and TiO2 with different percentages (0.5, 1, 1.5 %) will reduce the Young modulus and ultimate stress of PC/ZnO ,PC/ TiO2 composites

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Publication Date

Tue Mar 01 2022

Journal Name

Iraqi Journal Of Agricultural Sciences

CORRELATION OF TMPRSS2-ERG GENE FUSION STATUS WITH CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN PROSTATE CANCER OF IRAQI PATIENTS

The aim of this study was to establish the existence and interaction of TMPRSS2 – ERG gene fusion status with clinicopathological features of prostate cancer patients. This research consisted of 123 embedded formalin-fixed tissues obtained from the prostate tumor patients. The above gene fusion is detected through the technique of fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) by means of a triple color probe. Seven samples have not been scored due to technical difficulties and 46 patients have fusion (39.6%)

while the remaining (70) have not been seen with fusion. Of the 46 fusion-positive

17 (36%) were caused by ERG-translocation

of the other 29 (63%) were caused by the interstitial segment deletion between the two genes due to their sequential position. In order to find a substantial correlation between 116 patients (fusion took place in 46 and non-fusion in 70) with clinicopathological features

the following findings were calculated: Our findings recorded non-significant correlation at age

BMI and tumor size at which (P-value >0.05).While results showed significant association with: pathological T stage (P value = 0.011)

Gleason score (P value = 0.002)

perineural invasion (P value = 0.047) and PSA (P value = 0.033). The clinicopathological features which had a considerable correlation with fusion status are very important as they aid the doctors in prognosis and treatment of such tumor.

Ammar

Maha

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