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Observation of a Signal Suppressing Effect in a Binary Mixture of Glycol-Water Contamination in Engine Oil with Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
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An in-depth experimental study of the matrix effect of antifreeze (ethylene glycol) and water contamination of engine oil through FT-IR spectroscopy. With a comparison of the percent by volume concentration of contaminated fresh 15W-40 engine oil, there appeared to be a noticeable reduction in the O–H stretching signal in the infrared spectrum when ethylene glycol based antifreeze was included as a contaminant. The contaminants of distilled water, a 50/50 mixture of water and commercial ethylene glycol antifreeze, and straight ethylene glycol antifreeze were compared and a signal reduction in the O–H stretch was clearly evident when glycol was present. Doubling the volume of the 50/50 mixture as compared to water alone still resulted in a weaker O–H stretching signal. The possibility that this signal reduction was due to the larger ethylene glycol molecule having fewer O–H bonds in a given sample size was eliminated by comparing samples with the same number of O–H bonds per unit volume. The strong hydrogen bonding between that of water and glycol appeared to reduce the O–H stretching signal, even after comparing the different sample types at concentrations with the same number of O–H bonds per unit volume. Tukey’s highly significant difference was used to show that samples of the 50/50 mixture and straight glycol were not reliably distinguishable from one another when comparing the same number of O–H bonds per unit volume but readily distinguishable from that of water as the lone contaminant.

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 30 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Rosiglitazone , Metformin or both for Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
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         This study was designed to show the advantages of using the combination of metformin and rosiglitazone over using each drug alone in treatment of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Forty four women with PCOS were classified into 3 groups , group 1 received rosiglitazone (4mg/day) for 3 months , group ΙΙ received metformin ( 1500 mg/day)for three months and groupΙΙΙ received the combination ( rosiglitazone 4mg/day + metformin 1500 mg/day) for the same period of treatment   . The blood samples were drawn before treatment and after 3 months of treatment . The fasting serum glucose , insulin , progesterone , testosterone , leutinizing hormone were measure

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Structural imbalance of Iraqi trade balance for the period (2014_1994)
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Abstract:

     The use of economic resources enjoyed Iraq by especially oil resources, which constitute the main source of financial revenue, would the economic surplus outside the oil sector increases by mobilizing and rallying the labor power and turn it into an access capitalism, , was the cause of "the inaction of the productive sectors of the economy, made the investment planning process and even investment in human capital was not rationality with the increasing number of unemployed, particularly certificates and specializations high campaign, direction of the government towards market liberalism after 2003 through the, was focused not follow a clear economic policies, and the absence of planning

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 01 2010
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Neutron Yield From Gamma Ray Incineration of Radioactive Fission Products
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The neutron flux in this paper, which is generated as a result of γ incineration of the radioactive fisssion products isotopes has been evaluated .It is obvious from this paper that the neutron flux value depends on the number of incineration nuclei and the nuclear cross-section of the incinerated isotopes, and the neutron flux is directly dependent on γ-ray flux. The neutron flux increases from 1010to 1017n/s.gm as the irradiation flux increases from 1016to 1020 γ/cm2.s. It is concluded that the γ-incineration technique can be used to produce a switchable neutron source of high flux.

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 20 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Treatment of Dairy Wastewater by Electrocoagulation using Iron Filings Electrodes
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This study investigated the treatment of dairy wastewater using the electrocoagulation method with iron filings as electrodes. The study dealt with real samples collected from local factory for dairy products in Baghdad. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to optimize five experimental variables at six levels for each variable, for estimating chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency. These variables were the distance between electrodes, detention time, dosage of NaCl as electrolyte, initial COD concentration, and current density. RSM was investigated the direct and complex interaction effects between parameters to estimate the optimum values. The respective optimum value was 1 cm for the distance between electrodes, (6

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering Science And Technology
Survey and discharge measurements of the Iraqi border crossing rivers
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Scopus
Publication Date
Sun Dec 16 2018
Journal Name
Al-academy
Guernica Semiotics… methods of Expression between Aesthetic and Semantic Composition
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This semiotic analytical study has shown that there is a wide diversity in the aesthetic systems and the ranges of reception for the rhetoric and the discourse. The fertility of this semiotic conceptual system monitored this new mature, innovative and advanced level of this new critical analytical method with its different technical and theoretical foundations. Thus, it opened the door wide to new discoveries in the laws, which motivate different artistic texts. Finally, the research is just a start. Can the linguistic methods read the artistic works outside the linguistic authorities? Is it possible to capture the structural transformation in Picasso drawings? Semiotically another researcher in another method (such as deconstruction) ca

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2019
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Wear Behavior Performance of Polymeric Matrix Composites Using Taguchi Experiments
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This research estimates the effect of independent factors like filler  (3%, 6%, 9%, 11% weight fraction), normal load (5N, 10N, 15N), and time sliding (5,7 , 9 minutes) on wear behavior of unsaturated polyester resin reinforced with jute fiber and waste eggshell and, rice husk powder composites by utilizing a statistical approach. The specimens polymeric composite prepared from resin unsaturated polyester filled with (4% weight fraction) jute fiber, and (3%, 6%, 9%, 11% weight fraction) eggshell, and rice husk by utilizing (hand lay-up) molding. Dry sliding wear experiments were carried utilizing a standard (pin on disc test setup) following a well designed empirical schedule that depends on Taguchi’s experimental design L9 (MINIT

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Evaluation of internal control system over according misleading accounting information
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Abstract

The economic and financial crises in the world economy series led to increased awareness of the importance of the internal control system, because it is one of the main pillars of any economic unit, as it works to verify the application of policies, regulations and laws and verification of asset protection from theft and embezzlement procedures, it is also working on trust accounting information imparted through the validation of accounting information, analyze and detect the misleading.

The existence the internal control system a factor in many of the accounting practices that limit the ability of the administration to produce misleading financial reporting

The

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 25 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Density distributions and form factors of the exotic 8B nucleus
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Results of charge, neutron and matter densities and related form factors for one- proton halo nucleus 8B are presented using a two- frequency shell model approach. We choose a model space for the core of 7Be different from that of the extra one valence proton. One configuration is assumed for the outer proton to be in 1p1/2 - shell. The results of the matter density distributions are compared with those fitted to the experimental data. The calculated proton and matter density distributions of this exotic nucleus exhibit a long tail behavior, which is considered as a distinctive feature of halo nuclei. Elastic electron scattering form factors of this exotic nucleus are also studied. The effects of

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 24 2025
Journal Name
Dijlah Journal Of Medical Sciences P-issn:3078-3178, E-issn:3078-8625
pdf Review Article Biochemical Impact of Trace Elements on Metabolism
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Numerous trace elements, notably metals, are essential for the normal functioning of several biological reactions, especially as enzyme cofactors. Several Trace elements refer to essential micronutrients required in minimal quantities for certain biological functions pertaining to human metabolism, albeit their minimal concentrations in the organism. Nonetheless, our understanding of this topic is considerably restricted, and emerging insights into their metabolic functions necessitate contributions and have implications across various domains, encompassing nutritional chemistry, with a focus on analytical chemistry, biological sciences, medicine, pharmacology, and agricultural sciences. 

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