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Efficacy of erythritol powder air‐polishing in active and supportive periodontal therapy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
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Abstract<sec><title>Objective

This systematic review aimed to analyse available evidence to answer two focused questions about the efficacy of erythritol powder air‐polishing (EPAP) (i) as an adjunctive during active periodontal therapy (APT) and (ii) as an alternative to hand/ultrasonic instrumentation during supportive periodontal therapy (SPT). Additionally, microbiological outcomes and patient's comfort/perceptions were assessed as secondary outcomes.

Methods

PubMed, Cochrane and Medline were searched for relevant articles published before February 2021 following PRISMA guidelines. The search was conducted by three independent reviewers, and the agreement was measured by Cohen's kappa score. Out of 1043 articles, eight randomized clinical trials were selected for systematic review and quantitative synthesis. Only periodontal parameters, such as clinical attachment level (CAL), probing pocket depth (PPD) and bleeding on probing (BoP), showed homogeneity and, thus, were selected for meta‐analysis.

Results

The improvement in PPD and BoP scores after using EPAP was comparable with hand/ultrasonic instrumentation during both APT and SPT. Significant CAL gain was achieved with EPAP during APT (0.16 mm, < 0.02) compared with hand/ultrasonic instrumentation at the end point, whereas non‐significant CAL gain was achieved during SPT. No differences were observed regarding microbiological outcomes between the two treatment modalities. However, EPAP inflicted less pain and was better perceived by the patients.

Conclusion

Erythritol powder air‐polishing can substitute hand/ultrasonic instrumentation for SPT, and CAL gain is significantly improved when EPAP is used as an adjunct during APT. For microbiological outcomes, no significant differences were observed between the two approaches; however, EPAP was better tolerated by the patients than hand/ultrasonic instrumentation.

Clinical relevance

Erythritol powder air‐polishing can be used as an adjunct during APT and as an alternative to conventional mechanical debridement during SPT.

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 03 2013
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Effect of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Mushroom Calvatia craniiformis in bone marrow and interferon Gamma in mice
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This research was designed to study the effect of water and alcoholic crude extracts of Calvatia craniiformis in vitro and in vivo On the other hand this study tested the toxic effect of both extracts in normal laboratory mice. The results showed that water and alcoholic extracts relatively have an acute toxic effect in mice in respect to LD50 (85 mg/kg, and 177mg/kg respectively). However the chronic toxicity of water extract at three different concentration (50, 75, 100 mg/kg) and alcoholic extract at concentrations of (100, 150, 200 mg/kg) was investigated in normal mice by (I.P) administration for 30 days alternatively and one drag in 48 hours . The results indicated significant effect (P ? 0.01) increasing in (MI) and (BI) of bone mar

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 29 2022
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Principles of war and jihad to protect the environment and civilians in times of war in Islamic Sharia
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The use of destructive weapons in wars without restrictions and controls, which eat green and dry land, pollute the environment and cause genocide, has become the problem of the times.

International conventions for the protection of the environment during armed conflicts are characterized by generality, ambiguity, and open to interpretation by the participating states in the agreement, and each state interprets these texts to serve its interests, but the Islamic Sharia stipulates the prohibition of the use of these comprehensive destructive weapons in an unambiguous manner, As stated in the Holy Quran:

                

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 15 2015
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
Extraction of Fish Oils and Used in Drugs Systems.: Extraction of Fish Oils and Used in Drugs Systems.
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In this study was undertaken frish fish such as Bigeye Ilisha megaloptera, Nematalos nasus, Suboor Hilsha ilisha and Carp Cyprinus carpio. they were purchased from local marketes in Basrah, Oil was extracted by a solvent extraction method on low temperature. And the level of oil obtiened about (6.08; 10.72; 13.52 and 5.61)% for Bigeye, Jaffout, Suboor and Carp. the Crud oils were compared with vegetable oil (olive oil) and animal fat (tial fat mutton).
The extracted oil from fresh complete fishs with compared oils intraed on pharmacological system through packed in capsul with and with out garlic`s extract. this system analysis with chemical tests.
Results were analyzed statistically by using the SPSS program with using (CRD)

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2016
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Agricultural Sciences
Study the effect of cytokinins and auxins in the composition and production of In Vitro plantlets Hippeastrum Hybridum
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Publication Date
Sat Sep 30 2017
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Internal music in the poetry of guidance In the era of Islam and its effects Artistic and semantic
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In this research entitled "Internal music in the poetry of guidance in the era of Islam and its artistic and semantic implications" dealt with the following:
 Preface, which addressed the importance of internal music in poetry, and its close association with poetry, and the poet himself, to reveal what is touring himself and revolves in his imagination.
 Repetition of all kinds: repetition of letters, repetition of words, and repetition of phrases: It showed what this repetition of strengthening the melody, and linking parts of words within the same house, or the poem, and create a special musical atmosphere to spread a certain significance and to confirm the meanings and accompanied by musical accommodation.
 Anaphysic

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 30 2022
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Principles of war and jihad to protect the environment and civilians in times of war in Islamic Sharia
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Research summary

Islam protects the environment and civilians in peace and war, and in international humanitarian law protection of the environment and civilians in international conflicts only. As for wars and internal conflicts, it is not within the jurisdiction of international humanitarian law. In Islamic law, the principles of protecting the environment and civilians are fixed in all wars and conflicts, whether internal or external, local. or international.

Islam laid down moral principles in war, including:

- Preserving the environment and avoiding corruption in the land by burning trees and killing animals unnecessarily.

- Not to be exposed to non-combatants, including women, boys, the elderly, the disa

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 29 2026
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
The strategy of Marketable Public Relations Internationally Analytical study of the websites of “ Apple “ and “Samsung “ on the internet: (A research drawn from a Master Degree thesis)
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The international organizations showed their interest in the marketable public relations, with their activities, means and strategies, they play a crucial role in marketing products, services and ideas of the institution. They are considered to be the link between the company and its public, They are responsible for presenting the institution to the public, with honest transmission of the information. This gives a good impression to the institution, in a way the institution and its products become consistent with the needs and interests of the public.  Based on this, the research aims to identify the strategies used by the marketable public relations internationally.  The r

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 03 2022
Journal Name
Res Militaris
Prose of Sons of Imam Ali Al-Rida (Peace Be Upon Them): A Study Regarding the Structure of the Image and Its Implications - Simile as a Model
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Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the most honorable of creation, Muhammad, whom God sent as a mercy to the worlds, and his pure God and his faithful companions. The Islamic heritage was replete with texts issued from among the pure infallibility, which constituted a prominent teacher that takes the student to stop there in search of its goals, purposes and beauty. The choice was made from those texts that were issued by the imams of Muslims in the Abbasid era, namely Imam Muhammad al-Jawad, his son Imam Ali al-Hadi and his grandson Imam Hassan Zaki al-Askari. (Peace be upon them), and scholars have called them (sons of satisfaction), and researchers have shed light on these texts from rhetorical, artistic

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 25 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
MEASUREMENT OF CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES IN SOME MINERAL WATER SAMPLES FILLED IN THE MARKETS OF THE PROVINCE OF NAJAF AND COMPARE WITH THE IRAQI AND INTERNATIONAL RATIOS.: MEASUREMENT OF CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES IN SOME MINERAL WATER SAMPLES FILLED IN THE MARKETS OF THE PROVINCE OF NAJAF AND COMPARE WITH THE IRAQI AND INTERNATIONAL RATIOS.
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In this research, a selection of some mineral water was selected on the basis of being the most marketed by the owners of shops in Najaf province, with six types, where daily samples of this water were taken by 50 ml for two months from (1/11/2018 -1/1/2019). The following ions concentrations were measured (Br-, Cl-, F-, NO3-, SO42-, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+), pH and the electrical conductivity were measured and the results were compared with the allowable rates according to the international organizations. It was noted that they conform to international and Iraqi standards.

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Publication Date
Sat Apr 01 2017
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Digital Communication: The Future of Identity in Arab TV Drama: A Field Study on a Sample of Arab Society in the UAE in 2017
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The digital communication of a product of communication and information revolution. It is characterized by accurate and comprehensive in its services and its effects, which brought changes in the structure of many communities and their organizational structures. They have significant impacts on the social systems and social relations, especially in the Arab societies, which are the focus of the globalized Western media, for many reasons: economical, political , cultural and social.
According to this perception, the Arab identity has become in an encounter with big challenges by the globalized media of trade and the media, which aims to achieve greater profits because of identity and its importance to the communities. This occurs par

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