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EhbkoYwBVTCNdQwCGf4g
Study of the Biological Diversity of Benthic algae in the Tigris River, Baghdad - Iraq
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Abstract<p>The present work included a study of benthic algae on two substrates: rocks and clay on a section of the Tigris River at the Al-Atifiyah site in the fall of 2018. The result of this study was recorded 89 species belong to 50 genus of benthic algae on both substrates and composed of Bacillariophyceae (59.6%, 61.2%), Chlorophyceae (25.8%, 20.4%) and Cyanophyceae (14.5%, 18.3%) respectively on epilithic and epipelic algae. The present study was recorded the highest total algae cell density (1173.2 cells *10<sup>3</sup>/cm<sup>2</sup>) on epilithic algae while the lowest total algae cell density was recorded on epipelic algae (76.95 cells *10<sup>3</sup>/gm). For measure diversity, four indices of diversity are used: Margalef index, Shannon and Weaver Index, Evenness Index and Simpsons Index. The study showed that benthic algal communities are of high diversity with different distribution and spread of adherent algae on different natural surfaces in the aquatic environment. 62 species of epilithic algae were recorded belonging to 39 genus, while epipelic algae were recorded 49 species belonging to 34 genus. Bacillariophyceae was recorded the highest number of species compared with other classes of benthic algae (59.6%, 61.2%) respectively on epilithic and epipelic Chlorophyceae recorded second ordered after diatoms in importance 25.8%, 20.4%, Cyanophyceae recorded third orders 14.5%, 18.3% respectively on epilithic and epipelic algae.</p>
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Publication Date
Thu Jul 01 2021
Journal Name
International Journal Of Drug Delivery Technology
Synthesis and Diagnosis of Some Derivatives of 1,2,4-Triazole-3-Dicarboxylic Acid and Study their Biological Activity
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Newly prepared derivatives of Heterocyclic of dicarboxylic acid include 1, 2, 4-Triazoledicarboxylic acid. Thiocarbohydrazine (TCH) reacts with aliphatic and aromatic dicarboxylic acids, and when these resulting compounds interact with compounds containing a group of carbonyl they result in Schiff base, which are very important in the industrial and medical fields and the acids used (oxalic acid, succinic, terephthalic) to prepare the triazole, then the reaction with Para-chlorobenzendihaide. and some physical properties were measured for these products. The biological activity of the prepared compounds has been studied, and it has been shown that they have different effects on the bacteria, compounds prepared with Fourier Transform Infrare

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 28 2018
Journal Name
International Journal Of Science And Research (ijsr)
Synthesis, Structure Determination and Biological Study of Some Complexes of New Ligand Derived from L-ascorbic Acid
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2,2'-(1-(3,4-bis(carboxydichloromethoxy)-5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-yl)ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(oxy)bis(2,2-dichloroacetic acid) a derivative of L-ascorbic acid was prepared by reaction of L-ascorbic acid with trichloroacetic acid (1:4) ratio, in the presence of potassium hydroxide. A series of new metal complexes of this ligand were prepared by a reaction with the chlorides of Cd(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II). The new ligand and its complexes were identified by C.H.N., IR, UV-visible spectra, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), as well as 1H, 13C-NMR and Mass spectra for ligand L. The complexes were also identified by molar conductance, atomic absorption, magnetic susceptibility and X-ray diffraction for Cu (II) complex. FT-IR spectra

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Evaluation the performance efficiency of the Public Manufacturing Sector in Iraq for the Period (2000-2009)
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The industrial production sector has an important role in the national economy of the advanced countries as well as the developing ones to get higher levels for their economy . We in Iraq , just like most of the develpoing countries , our economy still suffers of great shortage in this active sector in spite of the repeated statements about the desire of activating the contribution of this sector in the national economy . The industrial sector in Iraq suffers in general of many problems , especially the public industrial sector (manufacturing) . These problems have been  existed because of the unnatural conditions that Iraq has passed during the previous decades especially in the political and security sides . which reflecte

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 21 2026
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
The Boundary between Advertisement and Mass Media Overlapping Levels in the Press (The Case of Iraq)
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The advertisement is important in maximizing the resources of journalistic institutions. It helps them to perform their duties and also establishes their independence. However, this type of communication has often overlapped with other types of communication, including media and publicity.

Those in charge of the press bear responsibility in this regard, as some of them harness the advertisement for personal purposes; or detrimental to media content. Many communication authorities have drawn attention to the danger of confusing the concepts and levels of the three activities and have moved towards establishing rules to reduce overlap between them.

The aim of this research is to try to disengage the concept of advertising,

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 27 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The use of electronic applications in the preparation of operational budgets: An applied research in one of the private sector companies for dairy industry / Baghdad
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A revolution called information revolution has recently invaded the world. It is Currently considered one of the most important properties of development to the countries of the world The criteria provided by computers such as accuracy, speed, time saving Storage and restore have led them to be widely used in economy, industry, agriculture, communications, etc., as well as being the major finder of reengineering the operations of innovation. The use of computers in the preparation of budgets will lead to achieve accuracy. Since, the operation draws upon the statistic and quantity estimations about budget items, the computerized balance sheet may save time and effort of preparing mathematical equations annually. According to the problem o

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 15 2023
Journal Name
Bionatura
Histological study of liver in guinea pig Cavia porcellus ( Linnaeus , 1758) in Iraq.
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The liver is one of the most prominent glands in the digestive system. It crosses vital organs with multiple functions, including the secretion of enzymes, digestion of fats, and secretion of bile. Through histological studies and those interested in them, the tissue structure of the liver is of interest to researchers, and the four samples of Guinea pig Cavia porcellus were taken in this study to know the histological structure and compare it with rodents in particular. and other animals in general. The results of the liver parenchyma were comparable to those of the studied mammals in periods of hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, and sinusoids surrounding the central vein, blood supply, and bile ducts. He did not record differences, eve

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 15 2023
Journal Name
Bionatura
Histological study of liver in guinea pig Cavia porcellus ( Linnaeus , 1758) in Iraq.
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The liver is one of the most prominent glands in the digestive system. It crosses vital organs with multiple functions, including the secretion of enzymes, digestion of fats, and secretion of bile. Through histological studies and those interested in them, the tissue structure of the liver is of interest to researchers, and the four samples of Guinea pig Cavia porcellus were taken in this study to know the histological structure and compare it with rodents in particular. and other animals in general. The results of the liver parenchyma were comparable to those of the studied mammals in periods of hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, and sinusoids surrounding the central vein, blood supply, and bile ducts. He did not record differences, eve

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 15 2023
Journal Name
Bionatura
Histological study of liver in guinea pig Cavia porcellus ( Linnaeus , 1758) in Iraq.
...Show More Authors

The liver is one of the most prominent glands in the digestive system. It crosses vital organs with multiple functions, including the secretion of enzymes, digestion of fats, and secretion of bile. Through histological studies and those interested in them, the tissue structure of the liver is of interest to researchers, and the four samples of Guinea pig Cavia porcellus were taken in this study to know the histological structure and compare it with rodents in particular. and other animals in general. The results of the liver parenchyma were comparable to those of the studied mammals in periods of hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, and sinusoids surrounding the central vein, blood supply, and bile ducts. He did not record differences, eve

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 15 2025
Journal Name
الذكوات البيض
Drugs in Iraq 1932-1968 (A Historical Study)
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The spread of drugs in Iraq during the period 1932-1968 was one of the most dangerous. phenomena affecting humans, as it leads to addiction, to the point where people cannot live without it, it also leads to the destruction of the user's nerves and body, and the inability to maintain balance, or even perform daily tasks. There are different types of drugs, and the side effects vary from one type to another However in all cases, drugs remain the scourge of the world, They are a toxic substance that attacks the nerves and tries to destroy them' The importance of the subject lies in the fact that it is anew and unstudied topic, and it studies a phenomenon that affects humanity in general and Iraq in Particular through it light can be shed on t

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Veterinary Sciences
Risk factors assessment and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella isolates from apparently healthy and diarrheal dogs in Baghdad, Iraq
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