يُعد التنمر ظاهرة إجتماعية قديمة موجودة في جميع المجتمعات سواء أكان المجتمع صناعيًا أم ناميًا، كما يُعد من المفاهيم الحديثة نسبيًا، وربما يرجع لحداثة الإعتراف به نوعًا من أنواع العنف فضلاعن ندرة الدراسات التي تناولته وعدم وجود معيار محدد لتحديد السلوك الذي يعد تنمرًا أم عابرًا، لقد بدأ الأهتمام بدراسة التنمر في سبعينات القرن الماضي وأصبح موضعًا يحضى بأهتمام العديد في مختلف البلدان، وفي عصرنا الحالي تطورت الظاهرة الإجرامية تطورًا ملحوظًا سواء في أسلوب إرتكابها أو مرتكبيها وكل ذلك يرجع إلى التقدم السريع في ثورة المعلومات والإتصالات، فظهرتْ الجرائم الإلكترونية ومنها جريمة التنمر الإلكتروني، وفي نطاق الجريمة الإلكترونية، أختلف الفقه والقضاء في تحديد مسؤولية مزود خدمة الإنترنت وفقًاً لطبعية عمله المتمثل بمدى الرقابة التي يقوم بها على المحتويات غير المشروعة التي تتم عبر الخدمة التي يقدمها في الجرائم الإلكترونية ومنها جريمة التنمر الإلكتروني Bullying is considered an ancient social phenomenon that has existed in all societies for a long time, whether the society was industrialized or developing. Recently, bullying was recognized as a form of violence. Additionally, the interest in studying bullying began in the seventies of the last century and became a topic of interest in many countries around the world. nowadays, the criminal phenomenon has developed remarkably, both in the way it is committed or its perpetrators, and all this is due to the rapid progress In the information and communication revolution, cybercrimes appeared, including the cyber-bullying crime In addition, Jurisprudence and the judiciary have differed in determining responsibility of the internet service provider according to the nature of its work, which is the extent of control it performs on the illegal content that is carried out through the service it provides in cybercrime, including the cyberbullying crime. Le harcèlement est un phénomène social ancien présent dans toutes les sociétés, qu'elles soient industrielles ou en développement. Il est également considéré comme un concept relativement moderne en raison de sa reconnaissance récente en tant que forme de violence, ainsi que de la rareté des études qui l'ont abordé et de l'absence du critère spécifique pour déterminer quel comportement est considéré comme du harcèlement ou toléré. L'intérêt, pour l'étude du harcèlement a commencé dans les années 70 du siècle dernier et est devenu un sujet d'intérêt pour de nombreuses personnes dans différents pays. De nos jours, le phénomène criminel s'est sensiblement développé, que ce soit dans sa manière de se produire ou chez ses auteurs, et cela est dû aux progrès rapides de la révolution de l'information et de la communication. Les crimes électroniques, y compris le harcèlement électronique, ont émergé dans le cadre de la cybercriminalité. Dans ce contexte, les juges et les autorités judiciaires ont divergé dans l'établissement de la responsabilité du fournisseur d'accès internet en fonction de la nature de son travail, qui consiste en l'étendue de son contrôle sur les contenus illégaux qui se produisent par le biais du service qu'il fournit dans les crimes électroniques, y compris le harcèlement électronique.
Geotechnical soil problems underneath foundation of hydraulic structures occurs due to engineering soil properties, geological setting and hydraulic properties of the projects. Two finite element programs of Geoslope 2012 software, SIGMA/W and SEEP/W, were used for analysis of in situ stresses, load deformation behavior, seepage quantity and vertical gradient below Teeb weir foundation, to compute factors of safety against seepage uplift. The site soil is a granular (gravel, sand and silt), weakly cemented soil cohered by gypsum and clay materials. The area has low lying topography, with slightly tectonic activities. The model results show that the upstream side stresses are reduced while the pore pressure are in
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This research display a selected sample of Regelson's texts, there were interrelations and interactions unfolded so as to show his creativity in the employment of religious texts. In the story "In the Youth of Moses", he inter-texted the episode of the Prophet Moses from the Torah, the Source of legislation, to signify a legislative issue needed by the community. As for the story of "Samson, One of the Falling", he originated the character of The Judge Samson by alluding to the Book of the Judges, which is the Book which reminded of the defeat and slavery of the Palestinians by a Jewish leader, as is related in Jewish religious texts. Further, and the story of "And Haman Said", he chose the story of the Queen Esther from the Book of Esth
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The present art icle discusses the prob lems of understanding and translating the lingu istic and cult ural aspect of a foreign lite rary text. The article considers the trans lation process through the pr ism of cult ural orientation. In the process of transl ation, the nati onal cultural iden tity should be expressed to the max imum extent, through all me ans of expre ssion that include imagery and inton ation. In addi tion to the author's sty le, special atte ntion should al so be pa id to tro pes, phraseological uni ts, colloquial wo rds and dial&n
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Reading is one of the essential components of the English language. Countries that use English as a second language (ESL) sometimes have difficulties in reading and comprehension. According to many researches, mother tongue has proved some interferences with learning a second language. This study investigated the results of reading difficulties of young second language learners in terms of accuracy, comprehension, and rate using the Neale Analysis of Reading Ability test. The study was carried out in one of the High Schools for Boys in Hyderabad, India and included Grade five, aged 10-12 years. In order to understand the reading difficulties of English as a second language, a qualitative approach was employed. Interview, reading tes
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Iranian stories have been one of the most important aspects of Iranian society's culture and have reflected us as a mirror of all its cultural, societal and political dimensions.Among the important elements of the story can be the creation of space and the movement and the creation of characters and conflict and content and the angle of vision and landscape, language and subject. Studying the elements of the story leads to more understanding and determining the strength and skill of the author by studying the elements of his story. The story of Rustom and Suhrab is also one of the many stories in which the elements of the story are often noticed and show the skill of the great professor Al-Fardousi to benefit from these eleme
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The preliminary test of the compounds N [2– (3,4–dimethoxy nitrobenzene oxazepine– 2,3–dihydro–4,7–dione]–5–mercupto–2–amino–1,3,4–thiadiazol [A] and N [ 2–anthralidene– 5– ( 2–nitrophenyl ) –1,3–oxazepine–4,7–dione–2–d](5–mercapto–1,3,4–thiadiazole–2–amin) [B] , showed that they possess high activity against some positive and negative bacteria , like pseudomonas aeruginosa (pseudo.), Escherichia coli (E-coli), staphylococcus aureus (sta.) and Bacillus subtilis (Ba.) and finally there is a study of the effect of some antibiotics like streptomyci
... Show Mores The study aims to identify the fairness in the distribution of municipal services between municipal districts and areas, from point of view of municipal chamber staff and from the point of view of the citizen. It also aims to identify factors affecting the fairness of the distribution of municipal services. Municipal services were being studied : hygiene and waste, water supply, sewer, creating gardens, and street paving .Factors which examined its impact on municipal services are: resources available to municipal chamber, the managerial process at municipal chamber, and factors in the external environment surrounding municipal chamber.The results of the study showed that level of the e
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The presented work includes the Homotopy Transforms of Analysis Method (HTAM). By this method, the approximate solution of nonlinear Navier- Stokes equations of fractional order derivative was obtained. The Caputo's derivative was used in the proposed method. The desired solution was calculated by using the convergent power series to the components. The obtained results are demonstrated by comparison with the results of Adomain decomposition method, Homotopy Analysis method and exact solution, as explained in examples (4.1) and (4.2). The comparison shows that the used method is powerful and efficient.
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The study aims to indicate the role of the mechanisms and principles of corporate governance in the activation of social responsibility reports, and increase disclosure, to achieve sustainability, legitimacy, and integrity of the business. Through the presentation of the conceptual framework for corporate governance and social responsibility, identify the key dimensions of social responsibility and the statement of the relationship between the mechanisms of governance and social responsibility reports in accordance with these dimensions. To prove the hypothesis research has selected a sample of listed companies in the Iraqi market for securities,
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