The climate parameters annual rainfall and average mean temperature are investigated from 2000 to 2019 for Kut, Hilla and Iskandaryia. Evidence of climate change is noticed by decreasing the mean annual rainfall and relative humidity with an increase in the annual mean temperature. The climate water balance has been calculated. Due to high temperature, increased evaporation, and low precipitation rates, there was a large water deficit. The total water surplus in the Kut area is 32.86 mm from November to February, and in  Hilla and Iskandaryia is 20.4 and 27.8 mm from December to February, respectively. The climate classification for the three stations was semi-dry to dry climates. The region has a significant water deficit of u

The real estate prices in the Iraqi market have witnessed a significant increase in the prices of residential units, including land plots and residential buildings, especially after the approval of the new exchange rate and the provision of financial loans to employees and citizens. Therefore, real estate loans are considered one of the financing tools in the housing sector, whether these loans are directed towards the construction of new housing or the rehabilitation of existing buildings for housing. The housing market is an important component of the economic and social system, as housing is a commodity that is influenced by supply, demand, and the trade of materials involved in housing unit production. The housing system is also

The liver (hepatic) is one of the largest glands or organs of the digestive system in the body of living organisms, including rodents, take the squirrel in this study for example. The study and the collection of sources emerged to be put into the hands of those, especially those interested in histological studies, including junior or professionals and veterinarians, knowledge of the stains used in the research and their final results.

Bones were recorded in the skeleton of some species of Iraqi turtle Mauremys rivulata; the objectives of this study came in light of current conditions, environmental developments, talents and techniques of biological studies taking place in the country, need for an anatomy guide in river turtles of Iraqi species, to identify all kinds of similarities and differences with their preaching, this work or study has become written in response to those modern needs. It is designed to be one of the resources for those interested in biological studies, beginners or professionals, and veterinarians, distinguishing them from marine and global species. Turtles were dissected in the laboratories of the Research Center and Museum of Natural Hist

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the major etiological agents causing acute and chronic liver disease worldwide with significant morbidity and mortality. The high genetic variability of HBV is reflected by eight genotypes (A to H), each with a particular geographical prevalence.
Objectives: The study was conducted to find out HBV genotypes in chronic hepatitis B- (CHB) carriers in association with serological markers of HBV.
Methods: This work was carried on from March to, December 2012 in Duhok/Iraq and enrolled 134 HBsAg positive carrier cases. recruited to Central Public Health Lab. Specific primers PCR technique was used to detect HBV genotypes. The carrier cases were screened for markers of HBV infection by Enzyme

Highlights This research highlights the important topic of musical topics that rarely talk about a musician, an issue of national songs which sang since the founding of the Iraqi state and until the end of the monarchy in Iraq, and wrote about just newspaper articles explaining the political situation experienced by the era of the history of Iraq and passing quickly marginally on the songs and patrons, so you see the researcher need to search for what was published around any way to see the texts of songs and melodies and rhythms and thus the possibility of evaluation, linked with the course of social and political life spiraling events at the time, so as not to miss these musical and literary, artistic and cultural features of forever a

The current research focuses on examining the isohyets in a set of (3) climatic maps of Iraq. Two of these maps were published in the Iraq Climate Atlas and the third one was published in an English source about the geography of Iraq. The first map represents the period from 1923-to-1944, the second is for the period from 1961-to-1990, whereas the third represents the period from 1971-to-2000. Comparing among these three maps, it has become clear that there are noticeable changes of rain in Iraq. In the first map, which represents the decade of the twenties, thirties and early forties, Iraq was located between two Isohyet lines (127 mm) in the far south and (1270 mm) in the far north. As for the second map, which represents the sixties,

  The physiochemical properties are considered to be as important guidelines for quality of water and their use for social, agricultural and different ecological applications. Fourteen properties were investigated in this study, including (PH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved  Salts(TDS), Turbidity,Total Hard ness(TH),Sodium(Na),Calcium(Ca),Magnesium(Mg),Carbonate(CO3),Chloride (Cl),Phosphate(PO4),Nitrite(NO2),Nitrate(NO3),and Sulphate(SO4) for the wells water at Albualwan region in Al - Anbar province east of Iraq . The results showed that the studied properties recorded values since were (7.3,2230.5Ms\Cm ,869.5ppm,0.32NTU,521.31ppm,3.6gr\L,111.5ppm,139.05ppm,296.86ppm,  116 .6ppm,0.42ppm,0,02ppm,4.7ppm and 4