The current investigation examines the combined impacts of ultrasonic radiation and hydrogen donors on the viscosity of heavy crude oil. The impact of exposure time, power, duty cycle, and temperature on the viscosity of Iraqi heavy crude oil with 20.32 API was studied. Also, the viscosity of the oil samples, which were mixed with a hydrogen donor (decalin) and subjected to ultrasonic treatment under optimal conditions, was examined to evaluate the combined impact of ultrasonic radiation and hydrogen donor on the viscosity of crude oil. The viscosity experienced a decrease of 52.34% at 2 min of irradiation, 360 W ultrasonic power, 0.8 duty cycle, 35 ⁰C, and 8vol% decalin. To validate the outcomes of the experiments, asphaltene content, sulfur content, API gravity, and distillation tests were conducted on both the original and final samples (under optimal conditions). The concentrations of asphaltene and sulfur exhibited a drop of 37.51% and 35.04%, respectively. The results show that cavitation, a heat phenomenon, and the mechanical impact of ultrasound may help break up long carbon chains and reduce the size of asphaltene aggregates, which causes the crude oil's viscosity to drop. Moreover, the findings demonstrated that the simultaneous application of ultrasound and hydrogen donor yielded the most significant decrease in oil viscosity compared with untreated crude oil or treated just with ultrasonic waves.
MR Younus, Alustath, 2011
During a survey on the helminthic parasites of three species of turtles in the north part of Iraq, five species of nematodes were recorded for the first time in Iraq. They were all found in the intestine. These are, Camallanus microcephalus (Dujardin, 1845) recorvered from the turtle Clemmys caspica; Spironoura japonensis (Yamaguti, 1935) from Triopyx eup¬hraticus and Angusticaecum holopterum (Rudolphi, 1819), and Tachygonetria nicollei (Seurat, 1918) from the turtle Testudo graeca. All of the localities and hosts are newly recorded in Iraq.
The Iraqi sports journalism has paid great attention to sports events through press coverage of all its forms and arts, especially the coverage of the World Cup of football which is one of the most watched events in the world. Thousands of journals are preparing for the immediate coverage of such event which is a daunting task in itself. Newspapers have devoted a wider space to this great event in its pages as well as the weakly sports newspapers work on issuing a daily special issue. The importance of this research sheds light on the coverage of major events such as World Cup in Iraqi newspapers. The topic is new
... Show MoreKE Sharquie, AA Noaimi, AA Hajji, Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications, 2014 - Cited by 5
In the current study, we investigate the effect of (La) substitution instead of (Cu) on the properties of the superconductor compound (Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3-xLaxO10+δ) with (x=0,0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2). The samples were prepared by solid state reaction method(SSR). Xray diffraction technique (XRD) was used to estimate the structural properties of the specimens which show an orthorhombic crystalline structure for all the specimens. The results show that the change in ( La) concentration leads to decrease the concentration of (Bi-2223), increment in (Bi-2212 ) and(Bi-2201) with appearance of some impurities. Also decrease the critical temperature(Tc) with the increase
... Show MoreSmoking has multiple effects on sex hormone , some of which are associated with important clinical implication .The present study was undertaken to investigate the biochemical changes of sex hormones associated with long standing cigarette smoking in 40 heavy smokers comparing with non- smoker and to correlate it with BMI for each .The sex hormones levels were determined by RIA technique . Atomic absorption technique was used to measure the zinc levels. The serum testosterone and estrogen levels of non – smoker group were 17.775ng\ml and 38.65ng\ml at p< 0.05, respectively .While the serum testosterone and estrogen levels of smoker group were 17.615n
... Show MoreThis study was conducted to determine the ability of water treatment system (Vortisand) to reduce some chemical and physical properties for tigris river raw water, It consisted of turbidity, electrical conductivity, pH, total hardness, calcium Hardness as well as temperature in order to determine the unit`s efficiency for reducing their concentration as compared to those in the water produced by some classical potable water projects (Dora and Wathba) in Baghdad. Samples were collected during the cold months (December 2016 and January 2017) and during the hot months (May and June 2017). The results showed that this system has the ability to reduce some properties such as turbidity, the values were 215NTU in raw water and decreased to NTU
... Show MoreTwo field experiments were performed to study the response of two species , Nigella sativa L. and Nigella arvensis L. within different sowing dates at spring and autumn seasons which included 1st and 20th March, 10th April and 1st May for spring season, while the sowing dates for the autumn season were, 2nd November, 21st November, 11th December, 31stDecember and 20thJanuary. Both experiments conducted according to the Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) within three replications at hallabja/Kurdistan Region, located [35°12'48.7"N; 45°57'34.4"
... Show MoreThe research consists of five chapters, and in the first chapter, it addresses the introduction and importance of the research, where the researcher explained the importance of bio-motor abilities and their role in achieving a high level through their connection to the skill performance of standing on the hands followed by the forward roll, and the research problem: Do these bio-motor abilities have an impact on the level of skill performance? Handstand followed by forward roll.
The rapid change in economic is a serious challenge facing all countries around the world, even developed ones. This challenge is increasing as the world enters the age of knowledge in which different knowledge and technologies have emerged and the distance between the emergence of scientific knowledge and its actual application on the ground has been reduced as well as the growing role of science and technology in community development. One of the most important technology amongst these technologies is nanotechnology, where this technology plays a major role in the development of products and modern devices and reduces cost with quality improvement. This technology is cross-cultural, requires a comprehensive knowledge structure and depe
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