Despite scholars’ attention on the typology of modality as a linguistic phenomenon, yet the use of modality across varieties of English is not well visible in communication-based researches that take semantics, pragmatics and discourse issues as the objects for their investigation. The paper generates its data from six M. A. dissertations from Nigerian University and equal number of the M. A. dissertations from Iraqi University to qualitatively and quantitatively investigate the contextual use of modality within the pragmatic perspective. The data analysis reveals that modality such as usuality, potentiality, necessity, probability and obligation in the dissertations encapsulates interpersonal and authorial voice in which the meaning of a clause is qualified to reflect the writer’s judgment of the likelihood of the proposition it expresses being true. The study findings also show the divergent use of modality to indicate certainty, possibility, probability and evidence and the nature of their illocutionary forces in the academic writings through verb modals and lexically modalized presentations in the MA. Dissertations that form the data of the study.
The majority of Iraqi translator-student have problems at two main levels: the conceptual level and the productive level. From different perspectives, such problems are either related to ‘language’ or to ‘cognition’. This binary view is an indication to the implicit and interchangeable relationship between language and cognition. The relationship between cognition language and translator starts with the first language and its effect on the Iraqi translators. Identifying the effect is the aim of the present study. It is hypothesized that Iraqi students are negatively influenced by the problems and weaknesses of first language schema. This reflects the major claim and later concludes that first language instruction in the Iraq
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The anatomic characteristics of the leaves of 22 taxa of Stachys L. representing seven of the currently recognized sections distributed in northern Iraq, were examined. The study did not found any variations in the characteristics of the stomata system of the leaves.Therewere variations with a good taxonomic value in other anatomic characteristics.Thevariations in characters of the mesophyll tissue in S.kurdica var.brevidens Bom ex Bhattacharjeewas bifacial but in S.kurdica var.kurdica Boiss. & Hohen.was unifacial .The study also found that the taxa S.benthamiana Bioss., S.lanigera (Bornm.) Rech.f. andS.kotscyi Bioss. with 3 vascular bundles in the middle vein while the taxa S.ballotiformis Vatke., S.megalodonta Hausskn. &Bornm.exP.H.Davis
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The research aimed to prepare a measure to evaluate the academic achievement of graduates working in the field of physical education from their point of view, to identify the extent to which graduating students benefit from the curriculum of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Baghdad/Al-Jadriya, and to identify the impact of academic subjects in the practical and theoretical fields. The researchers used the descriptive approach in the research procedures as it is an appropriate approach in achieving the research objectives. The following questions are: What are the academic subjects that have the most impact on graduating students? What are the academic subjects that have the least impact on the are
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Deontic modality expresses what is necessary or possible according to the norms of morality and laws of community. It is a cover term for those cases where modal auxiliaries used to express notions like ''obligation'', ''prohibition'' and, ''permission''. Deontic modals are basically performatives, having the ''so-be-it'' component of directives in that the speaker directs the behavior of the addressee to get things done. The present study identifies the use of deontic models in international contracts to prove that there are major pragmatic strategies employed in writing them. To achieve the aim of the study, a modified model of Danet’s (1980) and Trosborg’s (1995) in accordance to Searle (1969) is used to analyze 16 texts selected fro
... Show MoreRemote sensing provide the best means to monitoring change in vegetation over a wide range of temporal scales over large areas. In this study, the vegetation index which has been applied known as the Stress Related Vegetation Index (STVI) on in the area around the Euphrates River and part of Al-Habbaniyah lake which located at western side of the river in Ramadi city, Al-Anbar province at Iraq to study the vegetation cover changes and detect the areas of changes, using two satellite sensors multispectral images such as TM and ALI, after geometric correction procedure to rectifying these images. The STVI-4 index result was the best than other vegetation indices (STVI-1 and STVI-3) to discriminate the vegetable cover distribution. The diff
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This research work dealt with the problem of layout the production line of engine of fan roof at the General Company for Electrical Industries (GCEI). It was observed that the assembly line of engine was unstable and subject to severe fluctuations. In addition the execution of tasks at some stations was observed to be very fast while at other stations was slow. This phenomenon resulted into bottlenecks between workstations, idle time, and work in process. The system design was used to assign tasks to work stations according to different heuristics (Ranked Positional weight techniques, longest Task Time, Most following tasks, Shortest tasks time, Least number of following task).
The study revealed that th
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هدف البحث الى إعداد تمرينات تعليمية بمصاحبة بعض الوسائط التفاعلية في بعض القدرات العقلية والاداء الفني لركض 100 حواجز طالبات، وكانت عينة البحث هم طالبات كلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة للبنات / جامعه بغداد المرحلة الثانية وكان عددهم (20) طالبة واستعملت الباحثة المنهج التجريبي واستعملت تمرينات تعليمية بمصاحبة بعض الوسائط التفاعلية للمجموعة التجريبية لمدة (6 أسابيع) بواقع وحدتين تعليمية في الأسبوع واستن
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يهدف هذا البحث الى معرفة دور وتأثير برامج المشاركة في مقدرات الموارد البشرية ، ولغرض قياس ذلك فقد تم تحديد ابعاد هذين المتغيرين من خلال الاعتماد على مقاييس لهذا الغرض، وتم اختيار وزارة التعليم العالي والبحث العلمي/ جهاز الاشراف والتقويم العلمي كونها من الدوائر المهمة في الوزارة ويضم عدد كبير من الافراد في مستويات تنظيمية مختلفة لغرض الاجابة على الاستبانة التي اعدت لغرض القياس والوصول الى النتائج وتحقيق
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