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Unilateral absence of the internal carotid artery associated with anterior communicating artery aneurysms: Systematic review and a proposed management algorithm
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Background:

Absence or hypoplasia of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is a rare congenital anomaly that is mostly unilateral and highly associated with other intracranial vascular anomalies, of which saccular aneurysm is the most common. Blood flow to the circulation of the affected side is maintained by collateral pathways, some of which include the anterior communicating artery (Acom) as part of their anatomy. Therefore, temporary clipping during microsurgery on Acom aneurysms in patients with unilateral ICA anomalies could jeopardize these collaterals and place the patient at risk of ischemic damage. In this paper, we review the literature on cases with a unilaterally absent ICA associated with Acom aneurysms and provide an illustrative case.

Methods:

We combined our experience of one case of a unilaterally absent ICA associated with an Acom aneurysm with the 33 existing publications on the same subject in the literature, for a total of 40 cases. We provide a detailed systematic literature review of this association of vascular anomalies, exploring different aspects regarding the collateral pathways and how they impact management strategies and propose a management algorithm to deal with such association.

Results:

The mean age was 48.2 ± 16.5 years. The aneurysmal rupture was the most common presentation (75%). Agenesis was observed in 70% of patients, followed by hypoplasia (20%) and, finally, aplasia (10%). Lie Type A was the most common pattern of collaterals (50%), with Types B and D being of almost equal proportions. Most aneurysms were located at the A1-Acom junction contralateral to the anomalous side (Fisher’s Exact test;P= 0.03). One case of temporary clipping was reported in the literature.

Conclusion:

Acom aneurysms in patients with unilateral ICA anomalies, given they are more commonly present contralaterally, could be of acquired etiology, warranting periodic screening in asymptomatic patients. Temporary clipping might be safe in patients with Type D collateral pattern, while those with Types A or B may require intraoperative rupture risk assessment and a tailored management plan to avoid disrupting collateral flow and causing ischemia.

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
ž (( The role of Organisational learning in building a talent management strategies Applied research in the Ministry of Science and Technology ))
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The aims of the research is to know the role of Organisational learning in building talent management strategies in the Ministry of Science and Technology , where we see the challenges facing organizations today dictate now and in the future activation of scientific expertise to meet these challenges and the dissemination of these concepts within the priorities and data organizational culture of these organizations despite having a lot of the importance of organizational knowledge and learning applications .Despite learning and adopting some of the organizations have to enhance their competitiveness, we find a lot of organizations, including (The ministry researched) still do not realize the importance of the role of organization

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2014
Journal Name
Alustath Journal For Human And Social Sciences
Obstacles to the application of electronic management in university libraries: the universities of Baghdad and Al-Mustansiriya as a model.
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The research aims to identify the obstacles facing the application of electronic management in our university libraries, including the central library of the University of Baghdad and the central library of Al-Mustansiriya University, the research sample, as they are among the main libraries that used electronic technologies in managing some of their work and in providing their services, and they have a website via the Internet. The research relied on the case study method to identify the obstacles by visiting the two libraries, interviewing their managers and employees responsible for the departments, and answering inquiries about the obstacles that prevent the application of electronic management in order to identify them and find appropr

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 31 2020
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
Public Policy Education in Iraq / Reality Challenges and Proposed
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The policy issue in all countries of the world is concerned with government and research because it has the ability to reveal many of the problems facing the state and its organizational and scientific capabilities in the development of solutions and appropriate treatments that go beyond random and improvisational reactions, As a result of this interest, many studies have attempted to conceptualize and academicism it. The concept of public policy has been linked to various aspects of social life such as social, economic, educational, agricultural or other aspects. Public policy, regardless of its meaning or its relation to aspects of life, refers to the systematic thinking that directs the behavior and actions of the state, organization

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Publication Date
Mon Nov 01 2021
Journal Name
Indonesian Journal Of Electrical Engineering And Computer Science
Proposed emerged and enhanced routing protocols for wireless networks
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The problem motivation of this work deals with how to control the network overhead and reduce the network latency that may cause many unwanted loops resulting from using standard routing. This work proposes three different wireless routing protocols which they are originally using some advantages for famous wireless ad-hoc routing protocols such as dynamic source routing (DSR), optimized link state routing (OLSR), destination sequenced distance vector (DSDV) and zone routing protocol (ZRP). The first proposed routing protocol is presented an enhanced destination sequenced distance vector (E-DSDV) routing protocol, while the second proposed routing protocol is designed based on using the advantages of DSDV and ZRP and we named it as

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 11 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Ecohumanism
Climate Changes and Societal Stability in Iraq: Proposed Measures
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Iraq is considered one of the countries most susceptible to the negative impacts of climate change. According to international reports, it is classified as among the top five most affected by climate change in the world, leading to economic resource shortages and an increase in water scarcity, which exposes societal stability in Iraq to a threat.  This may result in social disintegration and civil conflicts, so climate changes are considered one of the most dangerous crises affecting societal stability in Iraq during this stage.  In this context, the research attempts to trace the causes of climate change and their effects on societal stability in Iraq and suggest some necessary measures to confront them in the future.  The resea

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
International Journal Of Innovation, Creativity And Change
The techno-strategy of the management information system and its role in enhancing risk management in the general directorate of school and sport activity
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The importance of this research lies in shedding light on the concept of techno-strategy for information management from vital and important topics that showed response for change in all areas of life. As this necessitates the updating and changing of it in order to achieve its strategic goals and enhance its technological advantage. The research problem looked at the role of the information technology system (ITS) in enhancing risk management in general directorates for sports and school activity from the viewpoint of its department heads. The research aimed at the relationship of information techno-strategy in risk management and the ratios of the contribution of information techno-strategy in risk management from the viewpoint of heads o

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Publication Date
Fri May 08 2020
Journal Name
Electronic Theses And Dissertations
Improving Nitrogen Management in Potatoes with Active Optical Sensors
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Nitrogen (N) fertilizer rate is important for high yield and good quality of potato tubers. In this dissertation, I seek to study the response of different potato cultivars under different N fertilizer rates and how that can impact tuber quality, examine the performance of active optical sensors in improving a potato yield prediction algorithm, and evaluate the ability of active optical sensors (GreenSeeker (GS) and Crop Circle (CC)) to optimize a N recommendation algorithm that can be used by potato growers in Maine. This research was conducted at 11 sites over a period of two years (2018–2019) in Aroostook County, Maine; all sites depended on a rainfed system. Three potato cultivars, Russet Burbank, Superior, and Shepody, were planted u

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Publication Date
Mon May 29 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
APPLICATION OF TQM REQUIREMENTS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF THE INTERNAL CUSTOMER/ COMPARATIVE STUDY.: APPLICATION OF TQM REQUIREMENTS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF THE INTERNAL CUSTOMER/ COMPARATIVE STUDY.
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This study aims to Statement of the relationship between Total Quality Management philosophy and Organizational performance from the point of view of the internal customer. A comparison has been made between two companies, one of which applies the requirements of TQM well and the other does not apply these requirements as the (General Company for Electrical Industries/ Diyala) and (General Company for Electrical Industries/ Baghdad) to conduct the search, During the questionnaire prepared for this purpose and distributed to a sample of 30 employees in the General Company for Electric Industries/ Diyala and (20) employees of the General Company for Electrical Industries/ Baghdad. Their answers were analyzed using a simple correlation coef

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 08 2019
Journal Name
International Journal Of Building Pathology And Adaptation
A scientometric analysis of BIM studies in facilities management
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Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to statistically classify and categorize Building Information Modelling (BIM)-Facility Management (FM) publications in order to extract useful information related to the adoption and use of BIM in FM.

Design/methodology/approach

This study employs a quantitative approach using science mapping techniques to examine BIM-FM publications using Web of Science (WOS) database for the period between 2000 and April 2018.

Findings

The findi

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 02 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
PROPOSED STANDARDS FOR EVALUATING THE EDUCATIONAL VIDEO ON THE SOCIAL MEDIA
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In the spreading of the Internet, mobile smart devices, and interactive websites such as YouTube, the educational video becomes more widespread and deliberative among users. The reasons for its spread are the prevalence of technologies, cheap cost, and easy to use. However, these products often lack to the distinction in video production. By following videos of an educational channel on YouTube, some comments found to discuss the lack of the content presented to motivate the learners, which lead to reduce the viewers of the videos. Therefore, there is an important decision to find general standards for the design and production of educational videos. A list of standards has been drawn up to help those interested in producing educational

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