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Impact of chronic hepatitis B virus infection on bone mineral density
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Background: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a common health problem that has a worldwide distribution. Apart from the direct effect of the virus on the liver, there are many extrahepatic manifestations among which the probable effect on bone turnover associated with low bone mineral density (BMD). Objectives: This study aimed to determine the association between treated and untreated chronic HBV infection with BMD. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study which included a total of 48 patients with chronic HBV (28 patients treated with tenofovir-disoproxil-fumarate [TDF] antiviral drug and 20 patients have not yet started treatment). Other age- and sex-matched 30 apparently healthy individuals were recruited to represent the healthy controls. BMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry on the anteroposterior lumbar spine (L1–L4 spine) views, from which T-score was calculated. Liver function tests were also evaluated from serum samples. Results: Treated patients showed a lower T‑score (−0.48 ± 0.72) than either healthy individuals (1.08 ± 0.84) or untreated patients (0.78 ± 0.51), with highly significant differences. In multivariate regression, only disease duration (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 9.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.8–16.68) and TDF treatment (adjusted OR = 6.4, 95% CI = 4.18–97.05) were significantly associated with BMD. Conclusions: Prolonged use of TDF in the treatment of HBV infection can significantly reduce BMD. Moreover, BMD can also be inversely affected in long-standing HBV, regardless of treatment regimen.

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 30 2016
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Rulings on prayer On chairs
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The subject of the provisions of prayer on the chairs of the important topics in the jurisprudence they fall under the door of the people of excuses, and this section of the important doors in Islamic jurisprudence because it permeates scourge, as prayer is one of the pillars of this religion, and the first thing to be held accountable on the Day of Resurrection prayer If the peace reconciled the rest of his work and spoil corrupted all his work, the street wise was interested in this matter and put him provisions overlooked by many people these days became insulted him and do not pardon him, and do not know the rules and provisions approved by Shara, and the omission of one of these provisions is possible To lead to the invalidity of hi

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 30 2024
Journal Name
Association Of Arab Universities Journal Of Engineering Sciences
The impact of flexibility in the design of educational interior spaces (University of Baghdad Studio as a model) (أثر المرونة في تصميم الفضاءات الداخلية التعليمية (مراسم جامعة بغداد أنموذجا
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Publication Date
Wed Aug 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Impact of Using the international standard for Training (ISO-10015) to Improve the Quality of the Control Activity – A Survey Study at the Federal Board of Supreme Audit.
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The great  importance of training made it as an investment for the organization, and assert the Quality of performance which support it by prepare the employee to the Current and future Jobs . The Research problem a rounded about How to measure the impact of training based on (ISO 10015) and its effect on the Quality of performance , How to evaluation the results of training to attained the training goals . The Research aims to find out the effects of application of international standard guidelines (ISO 10015) to attained the quality of audit work achieved in the Federal Board of Supreme Audit. The Research sought to achieve a number of objectives cognitive and applied on the basis of four key assumptions, and other su

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 30 2021
Journal Name
Modern Sport
The impact of the question network strategy in accordance with mental capacity in the strength of cognitive control in the subject of teaching methods of sports education for undergraduate students
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The study aimed at identifying the mental capacity of the research sample and classifying them for the purposes of the study, preparing the scale of cognitive control of the subject of teaching methods of sports education, preparing educational units by establishing the question network for the subject of the teaching methods of sports education, and adopting the experimental method by experimental design workers (2×2) for the two groups The limits of the research community are represented by third-stage students of the Department of Physical Education and Sports Science in the morning study of the College of Knowledge, the Community University, which continues in the regular working hours of the year (2019-2020) adult Their number

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Publication Date
Fri Aug 20 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Laser
Effect of Low Energy Laser on the Healing of Tooth Extraction Wound: (Histological Study in Rat)
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Aims: This study was done to investigate the effect of low energy laser therapy on bone healing at the extraction site. Materials and methods:(24) male albino rats were exposed to the extraction procedure of the maxillary first molar on the first day of a seven day experiment and these animals were divided into two main groups; the control group and the laser group. The laser experiment involved using (Ga-As infrared diode laser) from optodent by directing the probe over the extraction site. The control group consisted of 4 rats, and the laser group was subdivided into 5 subgroups of 4 rats each. The laser dose was as follows: B1: a single dose of 5 minutes immediately after extraction.,

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2013
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Determination The Effect of ZnO on Iraqi Bentonite Surface Properties
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Bentonite is widely used in industrial applications. The present study reports the effect of adding different weights of ZnO to the Iraqi bentonite, on surface area, pore volume and real density. These surface properties were evaluated for pure and modified bentonite. The modification was made by adding different ZnO weights such as; ( 0.5%, 1%, 5%, 10% ). The effect of heat exposing for all modified clay samples at 500 ?C have been also evaluated. The results show that the addition of 0.5% ZnO leads to increase the surface area percentage about 36%, increase pore volume percentage about 5.48% and increase the real density percentage about 27.116%. When the samples exposed to 500 ?C, their surface area and pore volumes have been decreased a

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
High Commitment Management and their Impact in Organizational Excellence Afield Research for opinions a sample of managers in the company general Alfurat for chemical industries \Babylon
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In its theoretical framework, this study dealt with the subjects of high commitment management and organizational excellence, as the study came in response to the growing developments and changes in the fields of management. It includes an analysis of correlation and effect between high commitment management, which has been attracting a lot of attention recently due to the intensifying rivalry between organizations because of certain external factors like globalization and world markets liberation, and its effect in achieving organizational excellence.

The practical framework, on the other hand, dealt with the analysis of correlation and effect between the study's variables. The problem

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Publication Date
Fri Oct 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Influence of behavioural implication of information on the selection of accounting methods and their reflection on investor's decisions field study on Iraq stock exchange
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The research aims to highlight on the behavioural approach in accounting, and clarify the behavioural implications of the main activities of accounting, and clarify the concept of information inductance within the framework of the behavioural approach and its impact on preparing financial statements. And that the impact of financial information on the behaviour of investment decision-makers, and to achieve the goals of the research, the researcher prepared a questionnaire according to Likert five-step scale, and he took into consideration in preparing it in line with the characteristics of the study community, and that the target community for this questionnaire is the investors in the Iraq Stock Exchange. The researcher reached

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 01 2013
Journal Name
International Journal Of Mathematical Archive
ON GROUPS OF GEOMETRIC FIGURES
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In this paper we introduce the basic of definitions of groups for geometric figures; we describe some of geometric figures by using the properties of groups. The classification of some geometric figures by using the properties of some algebraic structures.

Publication Date
Sun Dec 05 2010
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Effect of aqueous extract of olive (Olea europaea) fruit on lipid profile in female rabbits
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The activity of the aqueous extract of Olea europaea was tested at concentrations of 8, 15 or 20 mg/kg of body weight on lipid profile in twenty female local rabbits. These animals were randomly divided into four groups (five animals in each group). Three groups were dosed orally with the concentrations mentioned above, while the last was administered with distilled water and considered as a control group. These animals were orally dosed by aqueous extract using a micropipette for 30 days. The results showed that there was a significant (P<0.05) decrease in cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LDL-cholesterol), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL-cholesterol) concentrations and atherosclerosis index means for the three trea

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