In light of crises, the need for efficient and flexible public administrations to make quick and decisive decisions, also institutions capable of directing the internal elements and components of them and adapting them to the requirements of rapid change due to crises and disasters, which led to scarce resources becoming scarcer and economic, political and social problems becomes more prominent. For the majority of developing countries, including Iraq, the increasing need for the importance of moving towards enhancing the efficiency of the performance of public institutions while trying to predict their future, can only be achieved. Through solid mechanisms and principles of governance that enhance the ability of institutions and make them more responsive to the growing needs and demands of the members of society, also enabling them to formulate innovative and renewed strategies to solve problems, although institutions increase their role in times of crisis because the greatest burden falls on them in providing basic services to citizens and in meeting their needs. And since it is considered one of the pillars of community development, governance issues are interrelated with development just as the relationship between cause and effect is interdependent, and here the need for new forms arises. And renewed in working methods and procedures for establishing sustainable development centered on individuals and serving the public good. The relationship between governance and development has become at the top of the agenda of international policy work, and there has become broad agreement on the role and impact of governance on improvements in the outputs of economic and social processes for particular in public institutions and societies in general, since the commitment of institutions to apply the principles of governance guarantees reaching the state of commitment and compliance necessary to ensure their success. In achieving its development goals, and hence, governance can be considered a crucial indicator in the process of reform and administrative development, and the latter constitutes the axis of sustainable development because Public institutions are responsible for achieving sustainable development plans and goals 2030. However, the actual reality indicates the slow and weak performance of most public institutions as a result of the presence of organizational obstacles represented in: complexity of procedures - lack of coordination - weak transparency - lack of accountability - slow response - weak participation - absence of justice and equality, and in its various institutional aspects that limit successful implementation For the principles of governance, on the one hand, on the other hand, the success in achieving the sustainable development goals requires a great commitment from public institutions to the principles of governance. Goal (16) indicates the necessity of "institutions and governance systems." Effective responding to public needs and working to provide basic services and promote inclusive growth. ”This research and information is concerned with discussing public governance and its role in achieving sustainable development, by demonstrating its ability to enhance the capabilities of public institutions to meet the challenges they face now and in the future. The administrations of these institutions can respond to the diminishing resources and capabilities as a result of the repercussions of the many crises that have emerged at the present time, which have created new roles for institutions. The research has reached a set of conclusions based on theoretical studies, including that the crises that have passed in Iraq led to a reduction in the effectiveness of its public institutions' performance, and their failure to meet the needs of community members. As for the recommendations, they included the necessity of working to confront institutional obstacles in all their forms, enhancing the concepts of accountability and transparency, and participating in the working methods of public institutions responsible for implementing social policy and achieving sustainable human development that would assist administrations. Institutions insist on good governance and adherence to its general principles in order to ensure commitment to achieving the goals of the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda.
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with an increasing prevalence worldwide and characterized by an increase in oxidative stress and inflammation. The most important factor that is responsible for oxidative stress and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is hyperglycemia. The major targets of ROS are proteins. The most common and widely used biomarker of severe oxidative protein damage is protein carbonyl content.
The study was designed to assess the serum level of protein carbonyl as a marker of protein oxidation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to evaluate the effect of age, body weight, waist circumference, diabetic control and disease duration on the level
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Ceftriaxone sodium were one of the widely antibacterial drugs used. Azo dye derivatization of diazonium salt that formed via the reaction between ceftriaxone with hydrochloric acid and sodium nitrite was developed for the on-research drug analysis then coupling with each one 2,5-dimethylphenol (2,5-DMP) and 4-tertbutylphenol (4-TBP) respectively in the alkaline media. The developed diazonium coupling methods include an optimization study. The results show a limit of detection and limit of quantification 0.482, 0.284 µg/mL, and 1.607, 0.945 µg/mL using 2,5-DMP and 4-TBP reagents respectively. Moreover, the recovery % obtained was 100.89%, and 103.37% at linear concentration range 3.0 – 50, and 10 – 30 µg/mL, with mo
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A cap of size and degree in a projective space, (briefly; (k,r)-cap) is a set of points with the property that each line in the space meet it in at most points. The aim of this research is to extend the size and degree of complete caps and incomplete caps, (k, r)-caps of degree r<12 in the finite projective space of dimension three over the finite field of order eleven, which already exist and founded by the action of subgroups of the general linear group over the finite field of order eleven and degree four, to (k+i,r+1) -complete caps. These caps have been classified by giving the t_i-distribution and -distribution. The Gap programming has been used to execute the designed algorit
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Perceptions of deity have practical effects in a person’s life, especially in his attitudes toward natural things since nature was created, in which man has treated it as something sacred. The Greek philosophers before Plato and Aristotle did not find in them the idea of divinity clear. Rather, they all searched for the first substance or the first cause of existence, and then gave it all the attributes of God from eternity and eternity, and considered it a first reason without which the universe would not have existed. knowledg
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The research aims to identify the role determined by the dimensions of marketing in the relationship represented by (trust in the relationship, commitment to the relationship, communication during the relationship) in how to contribute to the success of the industrial project management in Iraq as a case study in the General Directorate of Industrial Development. Their number is (50) workers, where the research problem centered on knowing the impact and importance of relationship marketing on the success of industrial project management. The descriptive analytical approach. Using SPSS and Amos, the researcher tested and analysed hypotheses about the relationship and the influence between the research variables through a questionnaire . Test
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Pauses as pragmatic markers are considered important devices that help readers to gain a better and deeper understanding of certain texts as well as speech, promoting effectively language communication. They can help both the speaker and the hearer, due to the functions they have in a text. Their occurrence in speech has a value that they make it more understandable. In this regard, the present study aims to examine the forms and functions of pauses in literary texts, more specifically, in selected extracts from two dramas, namely, Pinter's The Homecoming and Baker's Circle Mirror Transformation and to compare how the two writers use pauses in these two dramas. To do so, the sequential production approach of turn-taking by Sacks, Sc
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Background: The antimicrobial resistance is one of the most serious and expanding health problems world -wide in the last decades. The esbl escherichia coli. (extended – spectrum beta-lactamase e.coli) represents an important aspect of it .Objectives: To get an overview on the esbl e.coli prevalence profile in general. Also to assess the antibiotic sensitivity of esbl e. coli trying to specify the most effective antibiotics in combating this micro-organism.Methods: this study tries to focus on this problem in Iraq which through a prospective study approach by taking 35 clinical samples from various sources (urine, blood, abscess, eye ,vagina ,stool and others),and after confirming the presence of e.coli, the presence of esbl e.coli and
... Show MoreThe current study aimed to detect the effect of gentamicin stress on the expression of hla (encodes hemolysin) and nuc (encodes nuclease) genes of Staphylococcus aureus. Fifty-eight isolates identified as S. aureus were isolated locally from different clinical specimens. Disk diffusion method was used to detect the resistance to S. aureus. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of gentamicin was estimated by broth microdilution method. hla and nuc genes were determined by polymerase chain reaction technique. The biofilm was evaluated using the microtiter plate method in the presence and absence of gentamicin at sub-MIC. The results showed that 18 (31%) and 40 (69%) S. aureus isolates were sensitive and resistant to gentamicin, respectiv
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