The present study aimed to examine the effect of endosulfan insecticide on some molecular and biochemical parameters in white mice. Thirty mice were separated randomly into three groups for treatment with endosulfan. One group (G1) served as the control, while the other two groups received intraperitoneal injections of endosulfan G2 (3 mg/kg) and G3 (17 mg/kg) twice a week for 21 and 45 days, respectively. A biochemical study by measuring liver function parameters, including (alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)) and kidney function parameters, including (Blood Urea and Creatinine) and malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase activity (CAT). This study also tested DNA damage by comet assay (normal%, low%, medium%, high%). The results of renal function parameters (Blood Urea and Creatinine) were significantly increased in all treated groups after 21 and 45 days exposed to endosulfan compared with control groups. The highest value of blood urea recorded was (49.33 ±0.88 mg/dl) at 17 mg/kg for 45 days compared with the control group, and the highest value of Creatinine recorded was (1.81 ±0.13 mg/dl) at 17 mg/kg for 45 days compared with the control group. Liver function parameters (ALT and AST) significantly increased in all treated groups compared with control groups. The results of MDA, CAT enzyme, were significantly increased in all treated groups after 21 and 45 days compared with control groups. The highest value of MDA recorded was (3.93 ±0.07 μM) at 17 mg/kg for 45 days compared with the control group. Tail DNA (%) showed a significant increase at high concentrations, and the results showed a considerable increase in the severe damage of DNA in the treated group 17 mg\kg b.wt. (25.00 ±1.00)% for 45 days, compared with the control group (3.00 ±1.00) %.
The reaction of [Benzoyl hydrazine] with [Diphenyl mono oxime] and Glacial acetic acid was carried out in methanol gave a new tridentate ligand [Benzoic acid (2- hydroxyimino- 1, 2-diphyneylethylidene) - hydrazide]. This ligand was reacted with some metal ions (Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II)) in methanol with (1:1) metal : ligand ratio to give a series of new complexes of the general formula [M(L)Cl2.H2O], where M= Fe(11), Co(11), Ni(11) and Cu(11) . All compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods (I.R, UV-Vis), elemental microanalysis (C.H.N), atomic absorption, magnetic susceptibility, and conductivity measurements. From the obtained data the proposed molecular structures were suggested for the complexes of Fe (II), Co (II)
... Show MoreA new Schiff base ligand [L] [3-methyl-9,10 phenyl -6,7 dihydro-5,8 –dioxo-1,2 diazo –cyclo dodecu 2,11-diene ,4-one ] and its complexes with (Co(II), Ni(II), Cu (II), Zn(II) and Cd(II)) were synthesis.This ligand was prepared in three steps, in the first step a solution of salicyladehyed in methanol reacted under refluxed with hydrazine monohydrate to give an (intermediate compound 1) which reacted in the second step with sodium pyruvate to give an (intermediate compound 2) which gave the ligand [L] in the three step when it reacted with 1,2- dichloro ethane.The complexes were synthesized by direct reaction of the corresponding metal chloride with the ligand. The ligand and complexes were characterized by spectroscopic methods [IR, UV-
... Show MoreA new mixed ligand complexes were prepared by reaction of quinoline -2-carboxylic acid (L1) and 4,4?dimethyl-2,2?-bipyridyl (L2) with V(IV),Cr(III), Rh(III), Cd(II) and Pt(IV) ions. These complexes were isolated and characterized by (FT-IR) and (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, elemental analysis, flame atomic absorption technique, thermogravimetric analysis, in addition to magnetic susceptibility and conductivity measurements. Most complexes were mononuclear and with octahedral geometry, except Cd (II) with tetrahedral geometry, and V (IV) with square pyramidal geometry. A theoretical treatment of the ligands and the prepared complexes in gas phase was done using two programs Hyperchem.8 and Gaussian program (GaussView Currently Available Versions (
... Show MoreIn the present study, a novel ligand (L) made of 2-hydroxynaphthaldehyde and 3-hydrazone-1,3-dihydro-indole-2-one(3-[(3-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl-ethylidene)-hydrazono]-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one). The ligand was characterized by FTIR, UV-vis, mass, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and CHN elemental analysis. New complexes of this ligand were created by treating methanol and a drop of DMF solution of the produced ligand with the hydrated metal salts of Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) in a molar ratio of 2:1 (L:M). As a result, complexes have been emerged and identified FTIR, UV-vis, C.H.N., chloride-containing, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility, and atomic absorption. The characterization result for each complex indicated complexes wi
... Show MoreAzo ligand 11-(4-methoxyphenyl azo)-6-oxo-5,6-dihydro-benzo[4,5] imidazo[1,2-c] quinazoline-9-carboixylic acid was derived from 4-methoxyaniline and 6-oxo-5,6-dihydro-benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-c]quinazoline-9-carboxylic acid. The presence of azo dye was identified by elemental analysis and spectroscopic methods (FT-IR and UV-Vis). The compounds formed have been identified by using atomic absorption in flame, FT.IR, UV-Vis spectrometry magnetic susceptibility and conductivity. In order to evaluate the antibacterial efficiency of ligand and its complexes used in this study three species of bacteria were also examined. Ligand and its complexes showed good bacterial efficiencies. From the obtained data, an octahedral geometry was proposed for all p
... Show MoreAddition chloro acetyl isothiocyanate (C3H2ClNOS) with 3-Aminoaceto phenone (C8H9NO) to prepare a fresh Ligand [N-(3-acetyl phenyl carbamothioyl)-2-chloroacetamide](L). The ligand (L) behaves as bidentate coordinating through O and S donor with metal ions, the general formula of all complexes [M(L)2(Cl)2](M+2 = Manganese(II), Cobalt(II), Cadmium(II) and Mercury(II)). Compounds were investigation by Proton-1, Carbon -13 NMR spectra (ligand (L) only), Element Microanalysis for C, N, H, O, S, Fourier-transform infrared, UV visible, Conductance
Two local fish Himri Carasobarbus luteus (Heckel, 1843) and Hishni Liza abu (Heckel, 1843) were stained with Alizarin Red and featured some anatomical qualities which cleared the difference of the muscular and skeletal fabric for each fish. Since clear Histologic differences appeared in these two species, it was intended from this study the possibility of adopting a diagnosis between local fish species by staining bones and tissues.
This work involves synthesis of some new heterocyclic compounds including 1, 3-diazetine. The new Schiff bases [VI] ad derived from 3-((5-hydrazinyl-4-phenyl-4H-1, 2, 4-triazol-3-yl) methyl)-1H-indole [V] which was synthesized by refluxing 5-((1H-indol-3-yl) methyl)-4-phenyl-4H-1, 2, 4-triazole-3-thiol [IV] with hydrazine hydrate in absolute ethanol and this amino compound [V] condensation with different aromatic aldehydes in absolute ethanol to yielded a new Schiff bases [VI] ad. N-acyl compounds [VII] ad were synthesized by addition reaction of acetyl chloride to imine group of Schiff bases in dry benzene. The new diazetine derivatives [VIII] ad synthesized by the reaction of N-acyl compounds [VII] ad with sodium azide in dimethylformamid
... Show MoreThe compound [L] was produced in the current study through the reaction of 4-aminoacetophenon with 4-methoxyaniline in the cold, concentrated HCl with 10% NaNO2. Curcumin, several transition metal complexes (Ni (II), La (III), and Hg (II)), and compound [L] were combined in EtOH to create new complexes. UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR, AA, TGA-DSC, conductivity, chloride content, and elemental analysis (CHNS) were used to describe the structure of produced complexes. Biological activities against fungi, S. aureus (G+), Pseudomonas (G-), E. coli (G-), and Proteus (G-) were demonstrated using complexes. Depending on the outcomes of the aforementioned methods, octahedral formulas were given as the geometrical structures for each created comp
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