The role of drain in agricultural lands is to remove excess surface and subsurface water to create a good environment for root growth and to increase crops yield. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the performance of closed drains when using textile filter instead of crushed gravel filter. The research has been executed in the laboratory using a sand tank model and by using two types of the soil. One of soils was light soil (sandy soil) and the other heavy soil (loamy soil). The tests were classified into four cases; each case was supplied discharge during 10 days. The results showed that the amount of out flow when using graded crushed gravel filter is greater than the amount of out flow in case of usin

This study revealed the efficiency of Bacillus subtilisin degrading two textile dyes (disperse red and disperse yellow), the rates of red dye removal when measured after 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours for the concentrations of 50 ppm were 51.67, 67.56, 84.67 and 95.33%, for the concentration 150 ppm were 41.67, 62.67, 80.67 and 89.67%, while for the concentration 300 ppm were 25.67, 42.67, 71.67 and 84.33%. The results of yellow dye removal showed that the concentration of 50 ppm were 49.67, 65.33, 83.33 and 92.67%, for the concentration of 150 ppm were 38.33, 60.33, 77.33 and 87.33%, and for the concentration, 300 ppm were 24, 36.67, 68.33 and 81.67%, when measured after 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. Results recorded a slight decrease in pH valu

The kinetics of nickel removal from aqueous solutions using a bio-electrochemical reactor with a packed bed rotating cylinder cathode was investigated. The effects of applied voltage, initial nickel concentration, the rotation speed of the cathode, and pH on the reaction rate constant (k) were studied. The results showed that the cathodic deposition occurred under mass transfer control for all values of the applied voltage used in this research. Accordingly, the relationship between concentration and time can be represented by a first-order equation. The rate constant was found to be dependent on the applied voltage, initial nickel concentration, pH, and rotation speed. It was increased as the applied voltage increased and decreased as t

Chalcopyrite thin films were one-step potentiostatically deposited onto stainless steel plates from aqueous solution containing CuSO4, In2(SO4)3 and Na2S2O3.The ratio of (In3+:Cu2+) which involved in the solution and The effect of cathodic potentials on the structural had been studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns for deposited films showed that the suitable ratio of (In3+:Cu2+) =6:1, and suitable voltage is -0.90 V versus (Ag/AgCl) reference electrode

Utilization of bacterial activity for decolorization of coloured products is one the most promising industrial strategy, as an eco-sustainable and cost-competitive alter-native to physicochemical methods. Laccase production from Bacillus sp. was stud-ied for its decolorization influences on different dyes (Indian ink, Brilliant green, Bromothymol blue, Crystal violet, Safranin, Bromophenol blue, Methelen blue, Giemsa stain, Nigrosin, Toluidin blue, Neutral red, Phenol red, Hanna, Blood, Ben-gal rose B, Bromkresol green, 4-Bromoaniline, Aniline blue, 2,6-Dichlorophenol in-vophenol, Curcumin, Acridine orange, Indigo carmine, Xylene cynol FF,10G, Aliza-rine yellow GG and Kongorose). After 5 days of incubation of the spore-bound lac-case wit

Grape is a phenolics rich plants, Black Grape seed extract was reported to have many pharmalogically benefits including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer and anti aging and anti Alzheimer's properties. Black grape seed phenols were extracted by percolation method. Results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of phenolic extract had no effect against K.pneuminae, However, variable inhibitory effects were developed against pathogenic P.aeruginosa , E.coli ,Bacillus ,S.aureus , E.faecalis and C.albicans. We found that black grape seed extract (Vitis vinifera) was more effective against gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria and its effect also against pathogenic C.albicans.

The purpose of this research is to show a constructive method
for using known fuzzy groups as building blocks to form more fuzzy
subgroups. As we shall describe employing this procedure with the
fuzzy generating subgroups give us a large class of fuzzy
subgroup of abelian groups which include all fuzzy subgroup of
abelian groups of finite order.