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The Characterisation of the Craniofacial Morphology of Infants Born With Zika Virus; Innovative Approach for Public Health Surveillance and Broad Clinical Applications
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Background: This study was carried out in response to the Zika virus epidemic, which constituted a public health emergency, and to the 2019 WHO calling for strengthened surveillance for the early detection of related microcephaly. The main aim of the study was to phenotype the craniofacial morphology of microcephaly using a novel approach and new measurements, and relate the characteristics to brain abnormalities in Zika-infected infants in Brazil to improve clinical surveillance.

Methods: 3D images of the face and the cranial vault of 44 Zika-infected infants and matched healthy controls were captured using a 3D stereophotogrammetry system. The CT scans of the brain of the infected infants were analysed. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to characterise the craniofacial morphology. In addition to the head circumference (HC), a new measurement, head height (HH), was introduced to measure the cranial vault. The level of brain abnormality present in the CT scans was assessed; the severity of parenchymal volume loss and ventriculomegaly was quantified. Student's t-test and Spearman's Rho statistical test have been applied.

Findings: The PCA identified a significant difference (p < 0.001) between the cranial vaults and the face of the Zika infants and that of the controls. Spearman's rank-order correlation coefficients show that the head height (HH) has a strong correlation (0.87 in Zika infants; 0.82 in controls) with the morphology of the cranial vaults, which are higher than the correlation with the routinely used head circumference (HC). Also, the head height (HH) has a moderate negative correlation (−0.48) with the brain abnormalities of parenchymal volume loss.

Interpretation: It is discovered that the head height (HH) is the most sensitive and discriminatory measure of the severity of cranial deformity, which should be used for clinical surveillance of the Zika syndrome, evaluation of other craniofacial syndromes and assessment of various treatment modalities.

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Evaluation Status Of Central Laboratories In Al- Kadhimya Teaching Hospital According To ISO/IEC 17025 In 2005
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This research aims to analyze and evaluate  the reality of the total quality management for the central laboratories by comparing systems of work in the laboratories of Al- Kadhimiya Didactic Hospital with the requirements of ISO 17025 to determine the degree of compatibility and the willingness to adapt to the requirements of the above specification and to show the ability of building an applicable quality management system and to identify problems and their mitigations and prevention to increase.

This study gains its importance from the importance of the labs which stems from the fact that the process of health is a set of interrelated activities, Medical examinations and tests con

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 31 2022
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Gingival Pigmentation Pattern in Correlation to Skin Color in a Group of Kurdish People in Sulaimani City
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Background: Melanin pigmentation of the gingiva appears in all ethnicities. Excessive pigmentation is an esthetic concern that has increased awareness about depigmentation procedures. This epidemiological study aims to find the correlation between skin color and gingival pigmentation in Sulaimani Governorate, Kurdistan/Iraq.

Subjects and Methods: A total of 820 apparently healthy and non-smokers, including 338 males and 482 females with healthy gingiva, aged between (18-40 years old) were enrolled in this study. Clinical examination on the participants’ gingivae was performed to assess color, and the distribution of pigmentations. Afterward the of participants skin color were

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2024
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Measuring Changes in Temperature Rates due to Urban Expansion in Selected Municipalities of Baghdad using GIS Technology
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The expansion of building blocks at the expense of agricultural land is one of the main problems causing climate change within the urban area of a city. The research came to determine these indicators, as a study was conducted on the expansion of the building blocks in three municipalities in the city of Baghdad for a period of four decades extended in the form of time cycles for the period (1981-2021) and using ArcMap GIS 10.7 technology. Then, the impact of this expansion on temperature rates was evaluated, as they are the most important climatic elements due to their significant effect on the rest of the elements. The results showed a clear, direct relationship between the increase in urban expansion rates and the corresponding r

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Modified Grid Clustering Technique to Predict Heat Transfer Coefficient in a Duct of Arbitrary Cross Section Area
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A simple straightforward mathematical method has been developed to cluster grid nodes on a boundary segment of an arbitrary geometry that can be fitted by a relevant polynomial. The method of solution is accomplished in two steps. At the first step, the length of the boundary segment is evaluated by using the mean value theorem, then grids are clustered as desired, using relevant linear clustering functions. At the second step, as the coordinates cell nodes have been computed and the incremental distance between each two nodes has been evaluated, the original coordinate of each node is then computed utilizing the same fitted polynomial with the mean value theorem but reversibly.

The method is utilized to predict

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2019
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Removal of Dissolved Trivalent Chromium Ions from Contaminated Wastewater using Locally Available Raw Scrap Iron-Aluminum Waste
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The present study is to investigate the possibility of using wastes in the form of scrap iron (ZVI) and/ or aluminum ZVAI for the detention and immobilization of the chromium ions in simulated wastewater. Different batch equilibrium parameters such as contact time (0-250) min, sorbent dose (2-8 g ZVI/100 mL and 0.2-1 g ZVAI/100 mL), initial pH (3-6), initial pollutant concentration of 50 mg/L, and speed of agitation (0-250) rpm were investigated. Maximum contaminant removal efficiency corresponding to (96 %) at 250 min contact time, 1g ZVAI/ 6g ZVI sorbent mass ratio, pH 5.5, pollutant concentration of 50 mg/L initially, and 250 rpm agitation speed were obtained.

The best isotherm model for the batch single Cr(III) uptake by ZVI

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Study Impact of Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) on a Transmission Line Performance under Different Loading Conditions
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Now-a-days the Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) technology is very effective in improving the power flow along the transmission lines and makes the power system more flexible and controllable. This paper deals with the most robust type of FACTS devices; it’s a Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC). Many cases have been taken to study how the system behaves in the presence and absence of the UPFC under normal and contingency conditions. The UPFC is a device that can be used to improve the bus voltage, increasing the loadability of the line and reduce the active and reactive power losses in the transmission lines, through controlling the flow of real and reactive power. Both the magnitude and the phase angle of th

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 11 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
An experimental cross-section measurement of 10B(n,α)7Li reaction on counting alpha particles track density
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The present work determines the particle size based only on the number of tracks detected in a cluster created by a hot particle on the CR-39 solid state nuclear track detector and depending on the exposure time. The mathematical model of the cross section developed here gives the relationship between alpha particle emitting from the (n, α) reaction and the number of tracks created and distribution of tracks created on the surface of the track detector. In an experiment performed during this work, disc of boron compound (boric acid or sodium tetraborate) of different weights were prepared and exposed to thermal neutron from the source. Chemical etching is processes of path formation in the detector, during which a suitable etching solut

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 09 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Identification of Enterococcus faecalis Isolated from Infected Human Tooth Root Canals Human by Using Polymerase Chain Reaction
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     One hundred samples of root canal bacteria were isolated  from patients teeth with primary and secondary infected root canal from all the ages . Biochemical and microscopial tests were done for identification of these isolates. Twenty four isolates were confirmed as       E. faecalis species by using these tests. Genetic diagnosis for the all isolates was also done by using polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ). Thirty two isolates were confirmed to  belong to E. faecalis species by using this test.

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of The Association Of Arab Universities For Studies And Engineering Researches
Dewatering Effect on Virtual Settlement of Pile Foundation: Case Study in Bab Al-Mudham Area, Baghdad-Iraq
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The need for Dewatering is very important in construction workshops field and sometimes it needs to pay more attention as a result of its impacts on causing additional settlement of nearby pile foundations. Dewatering construction may become a costly topic if ignored during project planning and designing .In this paper a simplified procedure maybe adopted to calculate the foundation settlement induced by using dewatering system which is required to lower the water table level to reach a dry condition during construction. Synthesized case study adopted at a specified location in Baghdad city and analysis are computed for two types of piles both of them are submerged with water. Results shows the effect of dewatering on pile foundatio

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Publication Date
Mon Nov 14 2022
Journal Name
Biomedicine
Cytotoxic effect of cloned EGFP gene on NCI-H727 cell line via genetically engineered gene transfer system
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Introduction and Aim: Cancers are a complex group of genetic illnesses that develop through multistep, mutagenic processes which can invade or spread throughout the body. Recent advances in cancer treatment involve oncolytic viruses to infect and destroy cancer cells. The Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an oncolytic virus has shown to have anti-cancer effects either directly by lysing cancer cells or indirectly by activating the immune system. The green fluorescent protein (GFP) has been widely used in studying the anti-tumor activity of oncolytic viruses. This study aimed to study the anticancer effect of a recombinant rNDV-GFP clone on NCI-H727 lung carcinoma cell line in vitro.   Materials and Methods: The GFP gene was inserted t

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