One common heavy metal that is extremely harmful to the kidneys, reproductive system, and nervous system of humans is lead (Pb). This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a novel nanocomposite adsorbent, synthesised from polypyrrole, zinc oxide, and nickel (PPy/ZnO-NiO), in eliminating Pb(II) ions from a waterbased solution. This adsorbent offers excellent metal selectivity, environmental stability, ease of manufacture, and reusability. Several techniques, namely XRD, FTIR, TGA, SEM, TEM, EDX, and BET, were employed to characterize the synthesised nanocomposite adsorbent. The study examined the impact of multiple factors influencing the adsorption process, including pH, temperature, contact period, metal ion concentration, and ad

This research presents a new study in reactive distillation by using consecutive reaction: the saponification reaction of diethyl adipate (DA) with sodium hydroxide solution .

The effect of three parameters were studied through a design of experiments applying 2³ factorial design . These parameters were : the mole ratio of DA to NaOH solution (0.1 and 1) , NaOH solution concentration (3 N and 8 N) , and batch time (1.5 hr. and 3.5 hr.) . The conversion of DA to sodium monoethyladipate(SMA)(intermediate product) was the effect of these parameters which was detected . Also , the percentage purity of the intermediate product was recorded . The results showed that increasing mole ratio of DA to NaOHsolutio

Adsorption of Chlorophenol compounds in aqueous solution on Iraqi siliceouns rocks powder have been investigated. UV technique has been used to determine the adsorption isotherms. The results showed that the adsorption isotherms obeyed Freundlich adsorption equation. The adsorption was endothermic process, increasing temperature leads to increasing adsorption.  H,  S,  G were calculated. The results showed that the adsorption increases with increasing acidity of solutions

The purpose of this paper is to examine absorbance for the removal of the Red Congo using wheat husk as a biological pesticide. Several experiments have been conducted with the aim of configuring breakthrough data in a fluidized bed reactor. The minimum fluidized velocities of the bed were found to be 0.031 mm/s for mish sizes of (250) µm diameter with study the mass transfer be calculated K_L values. The results showed a well-fitting with the experimental data. Different operating conditions were selected: bed height (2, 5 and 10) cm, flow rate (90, 100and 120) ml/sec and particle diameter (250, 600, 1000) µm. The breakthrough curves were plotted for Congo Red, Values showed that the lower the bed, the lower the number of ad

The solution gas-oil ratio is an important measurement in reservoir engineering calculations. The correlations are used when experimental PVT data from particular field are missing. Additional advantages of the correlations are saving of cost and time.
This paper proposes a correlation to calculate the solution gas -oil ratio at pressures below bubble point pressure. It was obtained by multiple linear regression analysis of PVT data collected from many Iraqi fields.
In this study, the solution gas-oil ratio was taken as a function of bubble point pressure, stock tank oil gravity, reservoir pressure, reservoir temperature and relative gas density.
The construction of the new correlation is depending on thirty seven PVT reports th

   The aim of this work is to detect the best operating conditions that effect on the removal of Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, and Ni²⁺ ions from aqueous solution using date pits in the batch adsorption experiments. The results have shown that the Al-zahdi Iraqi date pits demonstrated more efficient at certain values of operating conditions of adsorbent doses of 0.12 g/ml of aqueous solution, adsorption time 72 h, pH solution 5.5 ±0.2, shaking speed  300 rpm, and smallest adsorbent particle size needed for removal of metals.  At the same time the particle size of date pits has a little effect on the adsorption at low initial concentration of heavy metals. The adsorption of metals increases with increas

In this paper, the proposed phase fitted and amplification fitted of the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method were derived on the basis of existing method of 4(5) order to solve ordinary differential equations with oscillatory solutions. The recent method has null phase-lag and zero dissipation properties. The phase-lag or dispersion error is the angle between the real solution and the approximate solution. While the dissipation is the distance of the numerical solution from the basic periodic solution. Many of problems are tested over a long interval, and the numerical results have shown that the present method is more precise than the 4(5) Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method.