Chemotherapy is one of the most efficient methods for treating cancer patients. Chemotherapy aims to eliminate cancer cells as thoroughly as possible. Delivering medications to patients’ bodies through various methods, either oral or intravenous is part of the chemotherapy process. Different cell-kill hypotheses take into account the interactions of the expansion of the tumor volume, external drugs, and the rate of their eradication. For the control of drug usage and tumor volume, a model based smooth super-twisting control (MBSSTC) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, three nonlinear cell-kill mathematical models are considered in this work, including the log-kill, Norton-Simon, and hypotheses subject to parametric uncertainties and exo

Abstract

A new type of solar air heater was designed, fabricated, and tested in Baghdad, Iraq winter conditions. The heater consists of two main parts. The horizontal section was filled with the black colored iron chip while the vertical part has five pipes filled with Iraqi paraffin wax. A fan was fixed at the exit of the air. Two cases were studied: when the air moved by natural convection and when forced convection moved it. The studied air heater has proven its effectiveness as it heated the air passing through it to high temperatures. The results manifest that using little air movement makes the temperatures, stored energies, and efficiencies of the two studied cases converge

Experimental programs based test results has been used as a means to find out the response of individual elements of structure. In the present study involves investigated behavior of five reinforced concrete deep beams of dimension (length 1200 x height 300 x width150mm) under two points concentrated load with shear span to depth ratio of (1.52), four of these beams with hallow core and
retrofit with carbon fiber reinforced polymer CFRP (with single or double or sides Strips). Two shapes of hallow are investigated (circle and square section) to evaluated the response of beams in case experimental behavior. Test on simply supported beam was performed in the laboratory & loaddeflection, strain of concrete data and crack pattern of

When exercising their authority in the jurisprudence, judges are subject to a set of restrictions that they must adhere to, as they do not want their jurisprudence to be accepted and welcomed by law practitioners in general, and legal scholars in particular, and in contrast to it, the arrows of criticism and defamation will extend to that jurisprudence, and then they will have to reverse them . Perhaps the most important of those restrictions imposed on judges is their observance of justice between the parties to the lawsuit through their lack of bias for one of the parties at the expense of the other, in addition to their observance of public order and public morals, as well as their observance of the legal texts that they work under its u

    A theoretical calculation of the reorganization energies is demonstrated for semiconductor (TiOâ‚‚, ZnO) and organic dye (safranine T, and coumarin) with a variety solvent such that (water,  1­propanol, Formamide, Acetonitrile and Ethanol).     The reorganization energy values for dye –semiconductor interface system are large in high polar solvent (water 741 .0  , Acetonitrile 708 .0  , Ethanol 669 .0  ) and small in low polar solvent(1­propanol 635 .0  . The reorganization energy in safranine T –semiconductor system is larger ( 635 741.0  )than in coumarin –semiconductor for with the same solvents ( 612

New metal ions complexes of tridentate ligand (1-((dicyclohexylamino) methyl)-3-(1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrzol-4-ylimino) indolin-2-one) have been synthesized and characterized by chemical-physical analysis. The ligand acts as a tridentate for the complexation reaction with all metal ions. The new complexes, possessing the general formula [M(L)Cl]Cl where M=[Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Pd(II), Cd(II), Pt(IV) and Hg(II) ] ,show tetrahedral geometry. All complexes ,except Pd(II) complex which has a square planar geometry and Pt(IV) which show an octahedral geometry. The geometry of the prepared compounds has been proposed in another method theoretically by using one of the calculation molecular programs (Hype

The complexes Shiff base  and  mixed ligands complexes of bipyridyl and Schiff base 1,5-dimethyl-4-(5-oxohexan-2-ylideneamino)-2-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3(2H)-one (L) with Cr(III), Mn(II), Fe(II) and Co(II) were prepared. The compounds have been characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis, mass and ¹H and ¹³C-NMR spectra, magnetic moment, elemental microanalyses (C.H.N.), chloride containing, atomic absorption and molar conductance. The studies made are indicating towards octahedral geometry for these complexes. Hyper Chem-8 program has been used to prediction structural geometries of compounds in gas state, the heat of formation, binding energy, total energy and electronic energy and dipole moment at 298^oK. The c

Tobacco products of all kinds are harmful to public health, so legislation has paid great attention to regulating the process of tobacco production and distribution, whether at the level of national or international legislation, in a way that achieves legal protection for these products, so the establishment of civil liability for tobacco companies as a result of harm to the smoker The positive and the negative provoked a jurisprudential dispute due to the specificity of the work of these companies, and the jurisprudence differed in the legal nature of tobacco companies ’liability between contractual and tort liability in a way that enables the injured smoker to obtain his right to compensation.

The fouling depositions of crude oil stream were studied theoretically in a shell and tube heat exchanger to investigate the effect of depositions on the heat transfer process. The employed heat exchanger was with steam flowing in the inner tubes and crude oil in the shell at different velocities and bulk temperatures. It is assumed that fouling occurs only on the heated stream side (crude oil). The analysis was carried out for turbulent flow heat transfer conditions with wide range of Reynolds number, bulk temperature and time. Many previously proposed models for fouling resistance were employed to estimate a new model for fouling rate. It is found that the fouling rate and consequently the heat transfer coefficient were affected by Rey

The presentwork is a theoretical study in the field of charged particle optics. It concentrates on the design of electrostatic enzil lens for focusing charge particles beams, using inverse method in designingthe electrostatic lens. The paraxial ray equation was solved to obtain the trajectory of the particles, the optical properties such as the focal length and spherical and chromatic aberration coefficients were determined. The shape of the electrode of the electrostatic lens were determined by solving poison equation and the results showed low values of spherical and chromatic aberrations, which are considered as good criteria for good design.