Inundation floodingmap aimedto find outearly warningsto avoidenvironmental damageandhumanin terms of theheight ofthe wave ofwater, speed time arrival, effects of inundation sideanddepth of the water/ distanceand reduce the impact of the flood wave after obtaining the process of collapse of the dam in the lower part of the river to the dam area. The study has been using a numerical model one-dimensional depends on the development of equations (Saint-Venant) so that parts of the river, any river channel main banks of the right and left treated as separate parts, that’s the difference in the characteristics of the hydraulic and engineering, along the line of the flow will take into account in each section of the sections and flow in the river valley. Throughapplied numerical model of the Nile River in the area between the Roseires dam and Khartoum is distance (630 km) south of Khartoum , to get a jest analysis of the impact of a wave of flooding in the river on the following parameters : the maximum discharge , the maximum of attributed, as underdevelopment of the discharge maximum , and the time defaults to the maximum level and the surface area on the banks of the river and its extension and different values of the coefficient of manning roughness to the banks of the river. Eight scenario have been prepared for the flood wave read to compare the effect amount of water flow in the channel resulting from the collapse of the dam was resulting of Roseires dam , eight scenario to represent the five and extract the resulting values of Inundation map to cities located on the downstream of the dam.Thefive scenarioswerecalculated by using (HEC-RAS 4.1.0), (HEC-GeoRAS)a GIS programs and the flood wave resulting from the collapse of the Roseires dam to compare the results showed that the scenario NO. 5 is the best scenario result from the collapse makes sense due to the form of the disposal of the flood wave resulting from the collapse of the Roseires dam and then get overtopping from Sennar dam to the inability of the reservoir and dam to stop the flood wave. The results also indicate that the time needed to reach the greatest discharge of the flood wave resulting from the collapse of the Roseires dam to the city of Khartoum is ( 4, 6, 7and 9 ) day on the cities ( Roseires , Sennar , Wad Medani and Khartoum ) respectively, of the cases . The maximum height of the flood wave reaching the city of Khartoum has given the scenario NO. 5 by height wave (3-50) meters respectively. As well as the delay in the arrival time of the maximum height of the flood wave to the city of Khartoum is one day for the five scenarios compared to the other. The Inundation map development resulting from the collapse of the Roseires dam and get the flow overtopping the Sennar dam, arrival to Khartoum, was determined the surface area of the affected river and both banks of the depth of the wave and latency along the river has been selected four major cities along the river which Roseires,Sennar, Wad Medani and Khartoum.
In the present study waste aluminium cans were recycled and converted to produce alumina catalyst. These cans contain more than 98% aluminum oxide in their structure and were successfully synthesized to produce nano sized gamma alumina under mild conditions. A comprehensive study was carried out in order to examine the effect of several important parameters on maximum yield of alumina that can be produced. These parameters were reactants mole ratios (1.5, 1.5, 2, 3, 4 and 5), sodium hydroxide concentrations (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 55%) and weights of aluminum cans (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 g). The compositions of alumina solution were determined by Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS); and maximum yield of alumina solution was 96.3% obtain
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Freedom of opinion is one of the freedoms that constitutions and laws have guaranteed to protect and is exercised through the media. However, this freedom must be exercised within certain limits, which include respecting a person’s right to preserve his privacy, image and reputation. Just as the media has the freedom to exercise its right to publish and express its opinion with complete frankness, it is in return obligated to respect the rights of others and avoid defaming them and violating their privacy. If the media does this, the injured party has the right to demand compensation for the damage he has suffered as a result.
Tennessee Williams' The Glass Menagerie is peopled with powerless and defenseless characters. These characters are hypersensitive and in a constant search for protection. They are highly pressurized by life and its bitter reality. Adding to that they are haunted by their fear from the future. They are escapist who try their best to hide behind a protective shield. Their tireless search for security is never smothering. Their only possible defensive mechanism is to flee from their immediate hostile and aggressive surrounding. To achieve this aim, each character has improvised a method that suits him / her best. For example, one of the characters (Tom) sought refuge in alcohol and late night shows. While the other (Amanda) chose to re-live th
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The aim of the research is to identify the methods of achieving mental health from an Islamic perspective by using an analytical approach. The methods that were explained: strengthen the spiritual side to control the motives and emotion s overcome the whims of the soul, fear of God and treat mental illness from an Islamic point of view by recognizing self, assurance, foresight, learning and acquiring new trends. Conclusion: we can achieve mental health by optimism, not despair, the compatibility of the Muslim with himself and with others, Consistency, emotional balance, and patience in difficult situations. Islam has attributes that make an individual feels psychological security. Thus, all these elements achiev
... Show MoreThe ground state proton, neutron and matter densities andcorresponding root mean square radii of unstable proton-rich 17Neand 27P exotic nuclei are studied via the framework of the twofrequencyshell model. The single particle harmonic oscillator wavefunctions are used in this model with two different oscillator sizeparameters core b and halo , b the former for the core (inner) orbitswhereas the latter for the halo (outer) orbits. Shell model calculationsfor core nucleons and for outer (halo) nucleons in exotic nuclei areperformed individually via the computer code OXBASH. Halostructure of 17Ne and 27P nuclei is confirmed. It is found that thestructure of 17Ne and 27P nuclei have 25 / 2 (1d ) and 1/ 2 2s -dominantconfigurations, resp
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Reaction of,2- [( 4- amio phenyl ) diazenyl] 1,3,4- thiadiazole -5- thiol (S1) with p- chlorobenzeldehyde,3,4 – dimethoxy benzaldehyde and pyrrol-2- carbonxaldehyde gave -5- [{4-(4-chlorobenzylidene amino) phenyl} diezenyl]-1,3,4- thiadiazole-2- thiol (S2),5-[{ 4-[(3,4- dimethoxybenzyldene )amino phenyl ] diazenyl)-1,3,4- thiadiazole-2-thiol,(S3) and -5- [4-(1,H – pyrrol -2- yl- methylene)amino phenyl] diazenyl)-1,3,4- thiadiazole-2- thiol (S4) respectively as schiff's bases compounds. On the same route-2-[(4-amino-1- naphthyl ) diazenyl] -1,3,4- thiadiazole -5- thiol (S5) reacts with –p- chloro benzaldehyde and –m- nitrobenzaldehyde to give the follwing schiff's bases -5-[{ 4-(4- chloro benzylidene ) amino -1- naphthyl} diazenyl]
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Animal fats are a good, promising and ethical alternative source for biodiesel production, but they need more complex treatments than vegetable oils. Iraqi butchery plants waste fats (sheep fat) which are suggested as feedstock to produce biodiesel. This type of fat contains a large quantity of free fatty acids (FFAs) (acid number 49.13 mg KOH/g of fat). The direct transesterification of such fats produce high amount of soap instead of desired biodiesel, so a pre-treatment step (to reduce FFAs) is necessary before transesterification. This step was done by esterification of the free fatty acids in the fat by adding ethanol and using 1% acid catalyst (H2SO4) for 30 minutes. The results showed that the acid number of sheep fat after pre-tr
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