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LOW-‎COST SOIL ‎MOISTURE SENSORS’ ASSESSMENT FOR THEIR ACCURACY AFTER CALIBRATION THROUGH THE ‎GRAVIMETRIC METHOD
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The existing study aimed to assess four soil moisture sensors’ capacitive (WH51 and SKU: S EN0193) and resistive (Yl69 and IC Station) abilities, which are affordable and medium-priced for their accuracy in six common soil types in the central region of Iraq. The readings’ calibration for the soil moisture sensor devices continued through two gravimetric methods. The first depended on the protocols’ database, while the second was the traditional calibration method. The second method recorded the lowest analysis error compared with the first. The moderate-cost sensor WH51 showed the lowest standard error (SE), MAD , and RMSE and the highest R² in both methods. The performance accuracy of WH51 was close to readings shown by the manufacturing company (1%), as the MAD amounted to 1.62%. Through both methods, the average MAD for sensors ranged from 4.76% to 7.36%, with this result considered acceptable, especially for low-cost sensors with insufficient available information for accuracy. In general, the average mean absolute percentage (MAPE) for all sensors was 25.54%, which means that the validity of the measurement for the l ow-cost sensors reached 7 5%. It encourages their use by plant breeders in irrigation, as the error rate was less than the specified depletion of 50% for available water in irrigation, where all study textures showed that the sensor reading reached the limits of 72 (±2), adopting 3% MAD for all sensors. The study affirms that, except for the IC station sensor recommended for irrigation use only in sandy-sandy loam soils, low-cost sensors have suitable accuracy for irrigation management.

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 30 2014
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Is Elective Interval Appendicectomy after Successful Initial Conservative Management of Appendicular Mass Necessary?
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Background The traditional management of appendicular mass is an initial conservative treatment followed by interval appendectomy. Recently interval appendicectomy has been questioned.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to clarify the need and the role of interval appendicectomy after successful initial conservative treatment.
Method: This is a prospective study conducted in a major hospital in Basra from April 2006 to Septemper2010, included 65 patients with appendicular mass which subsequently proved postinflammmatory (phlegmonous) changes of the appendix were treated conservatively.
Results: Routine interval appendicectomy was not performed and needed after successful treatment in the majority of the patients (84.6%). F

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 14 2024
Journal Name
Irish Journal Of Medical Science (1971 -)
Comparison between early and late weight bearing after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery
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Publication Date
Thu Oct 10 2019
Journal Name
Plant Archives
A study of qualitative, classification soil algae in some areas from Baghdad, Iraq
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A study of taxonomic quality of soil algae was conducted with some environmental variables in three sites of local gardens (Kadhimiya, Adhamiya and Dora) within the governorate of Baghdad for the period from October 2016 to March 2017. The study identified 28 species belonging to 16 species in which the predominance of blue green algae (18 species) Followed by Bacillarophyta algae (7 species) and three types of Chlorophyta. The study showed an increase in species of Oscillatoria. The results showed no significant differences between sites in temperature, pH and relative humidity, while there were clear differences between sites for salinity and nutrient The study showed a difference of irrigation water quality and use of different fertilize

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2019
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Measuring Uranium Concentrations in Soil Samples of Midland Refineries Company - Doura - Baghdad – Iraq
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      In this study, the CR-39 detector technique was used, to estimate the uranium concentration from the soil in midland refineries Company (Doura refine (, Baghdad, Iraq. Uranium concentrations in soil samples have been measured using solid state nuclear track detector type CR-39.  Nine soil samples were collected from different areas within the Doura refinery and other soil samples were collected form Abu Tayara Street and ALshortaa District outside the refinery for comparison. The results showed variable values for uranium concentrations. The average value of uranium concentration was found to be 0.37 ppm in doura refinery. For areas outside the refinery, the concentration of uranium was 0.008 ppm. Thes

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 03 2020
Journal Name
Dissertation
An Economic And Environmental Analysis of the most Factors Affecting of Sustainable Agricultural Development In Iraq Through The Period 2000 -2017
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Publication Date
Mon Dec 28 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Expressing the Bewilderment of the Modern Man through Silence in Samuel Beckett’s Happy Days: بسعاد ماهر محيل, ومنذر عبد الرزاق سبع
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Samuel Beckett’s Happy Days (1961) clearly portrays a lack of communication among the characters of the play which refers to the condition of modern man. This failure of communication led Samuel Beckett to use a lot of pauses and silences in all plays written instead of using words. To express the bewilderment of the modern man during the 20th century, Beckett adopts the use of no language strategy in the dramatic works. After World War II, people were without hope, religion, food, jobs, homes, or even countries. Beckett gave them a voice. He used a dramatic language out of everyday things, in which silence was part of the syntax as a poetic repetition. Language is no more important to the modern man; instead, he us

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 22 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
The Characteristics of the Traditional Urban Configuration of ArabIslamic Cities through Form and Moral Values: Al-Kadhimiya as a Case Study
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This paper studies the main characteristics of the traditional urban configuration of Arab cities, as an important built heritage, discussing the approach adopted with such configuration at the local level, and examines its ability to preserve the character of the city, as well as, its responsiveness to the recent  requirements of its society that constantly change; in order to reach the appropriate procedures to deal with the traditional urban configuration of the Iraqi city to achieve a vital cultural communication with the vernacular built heritage, by dealing with the Form-Moral Values structure. Due to its importance within other traditional Iraqi cities, the research chose Al-Kadhimiya as a case study, so it discusses and compares

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 30 2021
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The Economic Role of Sultan Al-Nasir Muhammad Ibn Qalawun in Egypt and the Levant Documentary Study through Writings and Inscriptions
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The people lived under Mamluk rule, distress, poverty, famines, oppression of princes, rulers, And their domination and he always wished for a just ruler to relieve his misery, and remove the injustice

from him, so they found in Al-Nasser Mohammed tend to establish justice.

When Al-Nasser ascended the throne of the Sultanate, there was a rise or fall in prices, so he pursued Prices will end and punish those

who come out for it. And you talk about this search for a relationship

Sultan Al-Nasser with the poor classes in society and his keenness to pursue their affairs was compassionate On them, mer

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Solution of the electromechanical machining problem using the collocation method based on Bernstein polynomials
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Publication Date
Fri Mar 31 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
The Effect of Temperature on the Synthesis of Nano-Gamma Alumina Using Hydrothermal Method
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Nano gamma alumina was prepared by double hydrolysis process using aluminum nitrate nano hydrate and sodium aluminate as an aluminum source, hydroxyle poly acid and CTAB (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) as templates. Different crystallization temperatures (120, 140, 160, and 180) 0C and calcinations temperatures (500, 550, 600, and 650) 0C were applied. All the batches were prepared at PH equals to 9. XRD diffraction technique and infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy were used to investigate the phase formation and the optical properties of the nano gamma alumina. N2 adsorption-desorption (BET) was used to measure the surface area and pore volume of the prepared nano alumina, the particle size and the

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