Biscuits are a global snack due to their convenience, variety, and durability. Biscuits with nutritious ingredients are in demand as customers become more health conscious. This change led to interest about utilizing agricultural by-products to enhance the nutritional value of widely consumed foods. Mango (Mangifera indica L.), a frequently cultivated tropical fruit, produces vital by-products during its processing, mainly comprising peels and kernels. The by-products, comprising around 35–60% of the mango fruit's weight, are high in bioactive compounds including dietary fiber, polyphenols, carotenoids, and essential fatty acids. Mango peels and kernels, even with their nutritional potential, frequently neglected, resulting in rising environmental waste. This study examines how mango peels and kernels can boost biscuits' nutritional fiber and antioxidant content. Researchers synthesize mango by-product nutritional and functional benefits and extraction and processing technologies. The study also examines mango by-products' sensory and economic effects on biscuits. High fiber and antioxidant content in mango peel powder improve digestion and reduce oxidative stress. With its beneficial fats and polyphenols, mango kernel powder adds nutrition. Health-conscious consumers may choose biscuits with 5–15% mango by-products since they retain or increase flavor, texture, and color. By-products from mangoes reduce food waste and promote a circular economy. Commercial application requires optimizing processing procedures, product quality consistency, and clinical trials to validate health claims. According to this analysis, mango by-products can enable creative and sustainable food production and meet customer demand for health-focused goods.
Use Almtafr Alcderan orange, one of the factors Hashr Alttafaria to study Alatjabh isolates elected on the basis of specifications so that was a positive response with mutagen record and system consisting of three isolates used Alcderan orange graded concentrations and under specific Trov similar conditions Alttafar Pal NTG compared
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This paper aims to study the role of a prey refuge that depends on both prey and predator species on the dynamics of a food web model. It is assumed that the food transfer among the web levels occurs according to Lotka-Volterra functional response. The solution properties, such as existence, uniqueness, and uniform boundedness, are discussed. The local, as well as the global, stabilities of the solution of the system are investigated. The persistence of the system is studied with the assistance of average Lyapunov function. The local bifurcation conditions that may occur near the equilibrium points are established. Finally, numerical simulation is used to confirm our obtained results. It is observed that the system has only one type of a
... Show MoreBy taking into account various food components in the ecosystem, the research intends to develop a set of difference equations to simulate a plant-herbivore interaction of Holling Type II. We determine the local stability of the equilibrium points for the scenarios of extinction, semi-extinction (extinction for one species), and coexistence using the Linearized Stability Theorem. For a suitable Lyapunov function, we investigate theoretical findings to determine the global stability of the coexisting equilibrium point. It is clear that the system exhibits both Flip and Neimark-Sacker bifurcation under particular circumstances using the central manifold theorem and the bifurcation theory. Numerical simulations are
... Show Morein this paper copper oxide (cuO thin films were prepared by the method of vacum thermal evaporation a pressure.
n this study, Cr−Mo−N thin films with different Mo contents were synthesised via closed field unbalanced magnetron sputtering ion plating. The effects of Mo content on the microstructure, chemical bonding state, and optical properties of the prepared films were investigated by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field emission scanning electron microscopy, and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry. XRD results determined the face centered cubic (fcc) structure of pure CrN film. The incorporation of molybdenum (Mo) in the CrN matrix was confirmed by both XRD and XPS analyses. The CrMoN coatings demonstrate various polycrystalline phases including CrN, γ-Mo2N, Cr with oxides layers of MoO3, CrO3,
... Show MoreIsovaleryl CoA dehydrogenase (IVDH) is a flavoprotein that introduce a trans-double bond between C2 and C3 of the isovaleryl CoA substrate, an intermediate in leucine catabolism pathway. Interrogation of the Paracoccus denitrificans Pd1222 genome has identified Pden_3633 gene as a candidate to encode for IVDH. In previous study by Rafid et al (under the publishing), this putative IVDH was expressed in E. coli and purified as N-terminal Strep-tagged protein. In current study, spectral properties of the purified IVDH were conducted and the results showed that the enzyme was obtained as an apoprotein. For this reason, IVDH has been reconstituted by incubation with flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and the experiment showed that the ratio 1:
... Show MoreThe present study investigates deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as potential media for enzymatic hydrolysis. A series of ternary ammonium and phosphonium-based DESs were prepared at different molar ratios by mixing with aqueous glycerol (85%). The physicochemical properties including surface tension, conductivity, density, and viscosity were measured at a temperature range of 298.15 K – 363.15 K. The eutectic points were highly influenced by the variation of temperature. The eutectic point of the choline chloride: glycerol: water (ratio of 1: 2.55: 2.28) and methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide:glycerol:water (ratio of 1: 4.25: 3.75) is 213.4 K and 255.8 K, respectively. The stability of the lipase enzyme isolated from porcine pancreas (PPL) a
... Show MorePolymers, being one of the most important materials in dentistry, offer great physical and mechanical qualities, as well as good biocompatibility. Aim of this study was done to evaluate the Polyetherketoneketone and Polyetherketoneketone polymer composite material used as dental implant through tensile strength, Fourier Transform Infrared analysis FTIR, and wettability). Polyetherketoneketone composites (Polyetherketoneketone and Strontium-containing hydroxyapatite) with selected weight percentage ratios of (0, 10%, 20%, 30%), were fabricated using a compression molding technique”, The study involved Samples preparation (sheets) shaped and form into the desired shape according to standard for tests which included tensile strength,
... Show MoreWe have carried out multi color CCD surface photometry on the spiral galaxies NGC 4800 and NGC 2715 using 1.88 m optical telescope of Kottamia Astronomical Observatory. From these observations, the surface brightness, Ellipticity, position angle and color indices profiles are studied. Stellar populations in different regions of the galaxies are analyzed using color indices diagrams. We found that the galaxy NGC 4800 has a diffuse bright nuclear region and the asymmetry of the bar is due to the nonuniform distribution of dust in the galaxy. The color indices of the western inner spiral arm coincide with the corresponding mean color indices of the bar indicates that the stellar population of the bar is the same as that of the western spira
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