(لا مجتمــــع الا وبـــــه قـــــانو ن ) مقولـــــه اطلقهـــــا فقیـــــه رومـــــا القدیمـــــة ( شیشـرون ) فالقـانون لـیس ولیـد الیـوم وانمـا منـذ بـدء الخلیقـة بـدأت حاجـة الانسـان الـى قواعـد سـلوكیه یـنظم بهـا حیاتـه ویـرى بهـا حـدود حریتـه بحیـث لاتتجـاوز هـذه الحریة الى حدود حریة الاخرین٠واذا كانـــت المؤسســـیة ودولـــة القـــانون مـــن اهـــم معـــاییر الانتمـــاء الـــى العصر الحـدیث یـأت الخ

الادب في اللغة ملكة تقصي من قامت به عن كل ما يشبنه

او هو حسن الخلق وفعل المكارم

او الظرف وحسن التناول

او الالتزام لما يندب له الانسان⁽¹⁾ .

وقد كثر استخدام هذه اللفظة في التراث فقيل ادب الطبيب ، وادب الوزير، وادب القاضي ، وادب المائدة ، وادب الخط ، وادب المعلم والمتعلم ، وادب المعلم في نفسه وفي درسه ،وادب المتعلم مع استاذه وادب البحث والدرس.

The news of some of the Arab palaces that built in the Islamic cities were scattered in historical sources and references and was talking about the engineering and technical wonders that characterized these palaces, and Perhaps the purpose of mentioning its (often) was to show the extravagance and luxury that reached the palaces as a kind of condemnation of this act or to make visitors admire its masterpieces

Continued Ottoman rule in the Arab world until the end of World War I in 1918, and during the four centuries of Ottoman control, care of the Ottomans install and floating their rule, and to prevent the Arabs from the establishment of a political entity separate from the people to facilitate the rule of the Arab world and to ensure the

This paper deals with the meaning of cultural interaction in the hadith &also foundation that prophet (peace on him) followed through his invitation & rejecting   all forms of injustice, oppression & racial discrimination.

This research aims to highlight the prophetic approach in civilized coexistence, and to show what society was like in the time of the Prophet, and specifically after the sakha and the writing of the newspaper (prophetic document) which established the rules of civilized coexistence, and there is no doubt that God almighty created all nations and different peoples according to Human nature, this difference has been recognized by the duty of coexistence and acquaintance without abolishing each other, coexistence and recognition of the other and respect for its particularities result in a state of dialogue between cultures and civilizations and paves the way for their meeting instead of clashing, as well as contributing coexistence to make

Al-sarf science is one of the most scientifically accurate and rich in branches. Because it depends on the one accent and how the changes happened inside this science (from an event associated with time or not associated). The people who create this science and were deep made a tough rule to can out of these sentences without reason. The aim of this research is to declare (The Impossible Phenomenon in the Preference Name) and this study is separated into two chapters: 

Section one: it’s content of (Preference) in the base books and the scientists of linguists and the rules that authorized building in the name of Preference. 

Section Two: Discussed the ways that possibly come in the name of Preference and resol

This research takes its significance by referring to the participation of Arab Muslims in the knowledge of the chemical heritage, including the new writings and additions to this science; and thus made the way easy directly or indirectly for Europeans in the scientific knowledge of chemical, Starting from Khalid bin Yazid until the death of the last scientists Muslims in this area .