A total of 37 Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates, isolated from corneal scraping of patients with bacterial keratitis and 20 isolates from healthy eyes (as control) (all isolates, isolated from, Ibn Al- Haietham eye hospital / Baghdad), were tested for slime production, 52.63% of all isolates were positive-slime production (23 isolates from patients and 7 isolates from controls). It was found that positive-slime producing S. epidermidis were exhibited a high resistance to antibiotics as compared to negative-slime producing isolates.

Background: - Diabetic foot infections may be classified as superficial or deep. Bacteria are liable to enter any cut or ulcer causing infection. Defect in treatment of infected deep diabetic foot may result in oesteomyelitis, limb loss, and even death.
Methods: - Microorganisms were isolated and identified from both superficial & deep foot ulcers infection of (60) diabetic patients.
Results: - The present results showed that high incidence (30.8%) of Escherichia coli (E-coli) was isolated from dry - superficial foot ulcers followed respectively by Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis). 3.1 % and 15.4% of Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis), equal Percentages for Klebsiellae Pneumoniae (K. pneum

This work includes synthesis of some new derivatives of Schiff bases as intermediate compounds. Through the reaction 1,4- phen ylene diamine with different aromatic aldehydes substituted by many different groups in acidic medium and absolute ethanol as a solvent to obtain the Schiff bases (1a-5a). These compounds are reacted with substituted aromatic carboxylic acids and anhydride to give three types of heterocyclic compounds. The first line includes direct reaction with maleic anhydride under certain conditions to give new derivatives of oxazpine(6b-10b). The second line includes reaction of compounds (1a-5a) with 2-mercapto benzoic acid in the presence of triethyl amine as a catalyst and dry benzene as a solvent to give new derivatives

Background: Invasive fungal infections have become more common during the past two decades. Candida species are the most common human fungal infections. Internal injuries characterize these infections because of virulence factors, such as gliotoxin, which is a fungal toxin that is thought to be antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral.

Objectives: To test the ability of Candida species obtained from clinical sources to produce gliotoxin as a virulence factor and investigate its cytotoxicity effects against some selected cell lines. 

Materials and Methods: One hundred and ten clinical isolates of Candida species were obtained from patients attendi

Staphylococcus Sp.is the most common type of bacteria found in contamination place, we design this
study to compare the contamination accident between two hospitals in Baghdad.One of them isthe Burns
Specialist Hospital in the Medical CityinRusafa and another one is Al-Karama Hospital in Karkh. The
samples were collected fromOperativeWard No1 (OW1), Operative Ward No2 (OW2), Consulting Pharmacy
(CP), Emergency Room (ER), Reception Room (RR), Women's Ward (WW) and Men's Ward (MW).The
samples were taken from inside each clinical unit, surfaces, food, and air. The results showed that the
number of samples containing Staphylococcus sp. bacteria is 81, including 45 belonging to Al-Karama Burns
Ward Ho

Background: Common complications of subcutaneous insulin injection include lipoatrophy and lipohypertrophy which may lead to erratic absorption of the insulin with the potential for poor glycemic control and unpredictable hypoglycemia. Other cutaneous complications are local and systemic insulin allergy.
Patients and methods: The study included 150 patients with type1 diabetes mellitus attending thediabetic clinic of Children Welfare Teaching Hospital who were assessed for cutaneous
omplications of insulin therapy especially at the sites of the injections. Data collected evaluated using chi square and Pvalue.
Results: Out of 150 patients, the male to female ratio was 1:1.3, with mean age of 11.34 years

ABSTRACT                

The multi-drug resistant efflux pump is a glycoprotein pump whose function is to push foreign substances. The efflux pump is found in humans, animals. It also has wide-ranging properties in  bacteria and fungi. They are found in all species of bacteria, and efflux pump genes can be found in bacterial chromosomes or mobile genetic elements, such as plasmids. The most sensitive function that leads to a global problem is its resistance to antibiotics in bacterial cells, which increases the ability to bacteria from becoming strong virulence factors that most or all antibiotics cannot kill. It also has othe

Reishi Mushroom, Ganoderma, is considered one of important wood-decaying medicinal mushrooms. This study aimed to identify three samples of this genus in Mosul city in February and April 2019. Three species of Ganoderma were collected from three various trees including Eucalyptus, Morus, and Olea (olive) in Mosul City, Northern Iraq. Their identifications and their DNA sequences were genetically identified by using PCR techniques according to detect nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. Results exhibited the finding of Ganoderma resinaceum, Ganoderma applanatum, and Ganoderma sp. This study is first attempt to identify Reishi Mushroom by molecular methods in Iraq. Thus, the current study is considered new good d

This work involves the preparation of high yield iminochalcon compounds (B1-B15)  through two parts. The first part involves the preparation of 2,4-dihydroxy Chalcone (A1-A15) by the condensation of 2,4-dihydroxy acetophenone  with  aryl aldehyde in the presence of sodium hydroxide (40%) as a catalyst. The second part includes the preparation of  iminochalcon from the condensation of p-hydroxy aniline with 2,4-dihydroxy chalcone  derivatives  )A1-A15)  in the presence of some drops of conc. H₂SO₄. Thin-layer chromatography ((TLC)  was used to control the chemical reaction . These new derivatives were characterized by using FT-IR and  1H-NMR spectroscopy. These synthesized

Dengke Naniura is a traditional food from Sumatera Utara, Indonesia, that is produced through fermenting process, and this food is believed to contain high probiotics. The objective of the current research is to determine the potential of LAB as a probiotic that has been obtained from Dengke Naniura. Dengke Naniura was traditionally prepared from Cyprinus carpio. Four LABs have been successfully isolated from Dengke Naniura, such as D7DA3, D7B3, D7DBF and D7DN3. Those four LAB isolates were identified as Lactobacillus sp. This result has been confirmed by the non-spore forming bacterium, non-motile, and Gram-positive. Also, it has been supported by biochemical test, for the example Voges Proskauer, catalase test, Methyl