Natural Bauxite (BXT) mineral clay was modified with a cationic surfactant (hexadecy ltrimethy lammonium bromide (BXT-HDTMA)) and characterized with different techniques: FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The modified and natural bauxite (BXT) were used as adsorbents for the adsorption of 4- Chlorophenol (4-CP) from aqueous solutions. The adsorption study was carried out at different conditions and parameters: contact time, pH value, adsorbent dosage and ionic strength. The adsorption kinetic (described by a pseudo-first order and a pseudo-second order), equilibrium experimental data (analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models) and thermodynamic parameters (change in standard free energy) (ΔG°), standard enthalpy (ΔH°), and standard entropy (ΔS°)) were investigated and determined. Beside the advantages and properties of BXT-HDTMA (effective and low-cost adsorbent), the adsorption study revealed that the modification of natural bauxite (BXT) with hexadecy ltrimethy lammonium bromide has enhanced its adsorption capacity (eight to ten times greater comparison with the natural Bauxite).
Two specie's of terrnitls are described as new to science from Iraq Amitermes corpnlentus sp. n. and Anacanthotermes savvensis sp. n., with two figures.
Abstract This research investigates how activated carbon (AC) was synthesized from potato peel waste (PPW). Different ACs were synthesized under the atmosphere's conditions during carbonation via two activation methods: first, chemical activation, and second, carbon dioxide-physical activation. The influence of the drying period on the preparation of the precursor and the methods of activation were investigated. The specific surface area and pore volume of the activated carbon were estimated using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method. The AC produced using physical activation had a surface area as high as 1210 m2/g with a pore volume of 0.37 cm3/g, whereas the chemical activation had a surface area of 1210 m2/g with a pore volume of 0.34 c
... Show MoreIn this study, measuring effectiveness Alauriz in some seeds powder and found that the seeds of-sophistication sex had the highest effective enzymatic reach 353 units / gProtein and Alkabbatah study enzyme extract under different storage conditions and Altaj showed that the enzyme loses Thbatih and whether Mrkbhetwan adding Alklasrin concentration of 10% for the systematic solution
In the present study waste aluminium cans were recycled and converted to produce alumina catalyst. These cans contain more than 98% aluminum oxide in their structure and were successfully synthesized to produce nano sized gamma alumina under mild conditions. A comprehensive study was carried out in order to examine the effect of several important parameters on maximum yield of alumina that can be produced. These parameters were reactants mole ratios (1.5, 1.5, 2, 3, 4 and 5), sodium hydroxide concentrations (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 55%) and weights of aluminum cans (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 g). The compositions of alumina solution were determined by Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS); and maximum yield of alumina solution was 96.3% obtain
... Show MoreAniera desert/cola was found new to science and to the Iraqi fauna. The description was
mainly based on external features and male genit
Adsorption experiments were carried out using two different low-cost sorbent materials, date seeds and olive seeds. These sorbents used as a single phase (not as mixture) to remove cadmium ions from simulated wastewater by adsorption process. The equilibrium time was found at 2 hr. The experiments include different parameters such sorbent type and weight and contact time. It was found that both of olive seed and date seed have approximately the same adsorption capacity (qm) with 15.644 mg/g and 15.2112 mg/g, respectively. Equilibrium isotherms and kinetic studies have been carried out. Langmuir isotherm model better fits the experimental data compared with the Freundlich isotherm for olive seed, while Freundlich isotherm fits for date se
... Show MoreExperimental activity coefficients at infinite dilution are particularly useful for calculating the parameters needed in an expression for the excess Gibbs energy. If reliable values of γ∞1 and γ∞2 are available, either from direct experiment or from a correlation, it is possible to predict the composition of the azeotrope and vapor-liquid equilibrium over the entire range of composition. These can be used to evaluate two adjustable constants in any desired expression for G E. In this study MOSCED model and SPACE model are two different methods were used to calculate γ∞1 and γ∞2
The aim of the research is to identify the methods of achieving mental health from an Islamic perspective by using an analytical approach. The methods that were explained: strengthen the spiritual side to control the motives and emotion s overcome the whims of the soul, fear of God and treat mental illness from an Islamic point of view by recognizing self, assurance, foresight, learning and acquiring new trends. Conclusion: we can achieve mental health by optimism, not despair, the compatibility of the Muslim with himself and with others, Consistency, emotional balance, and patience in difficult situations. Islam has attributes that make an individual feels psychological security. Thus, all these elements achiev
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