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Audio Compression Using Transform Coding with LZW and Double Shift Coding
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Home New Trends in Information and Communications Technology Applications Conference paper Audio Compression Using Transform Coding with LZW and Double Shift Coding Zainab J. Ahmed & Loay E. George Conference paper First Online: 11 January 2022 126 Accesses Part of the Communications in Computer and Information Science book series (CCIS,volume 1511) Abstract The need for audio compression is still a vital issue, because of its significance in reducing the data size of one of the most common digital media that is exchanged between distant parties. In this paper, the efficiencies of two audio compression modules were investigated; the first module is based on discrete cosine transform and the second module is based on discrete wavelet transform. The proposed audio compression system consists of the following steps: (1) load digital audio data, (2) transformation (i.e., using bi-orthogonal wavelet or discrete cosine transform) to decompose the audio signal, (3) quantization (depend on the used transform), (4) quantization of the quantized data that separated into two sequence vectors; runs and non-zeroes decomposition to apply the run length to reduce the long-run sequence. Each resulted vector is passed into the entropy encoder technique to implement a compression process. In this paper, two entropy encoders are used; the first one is the lossless compression method LZW and the second one is an advanced version for the traditional shift coding method called the double shift coding method. The proposed system performance is analyzed using distinct audio samples of different sizes and characteristics with various audio signal parameters. The performance of the compression system is evaluated using Peak Signal to Noise Ratio and Compression Ratio. The outcomes of audio samples show that the system is simple, fast and it causes better compression gain. The results show that the DSC encoding time is less than the LZW encoding time.

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2017
Journal Name
البحوث التربوية والنفسية
the effect of an educational -learning programe according to the concepts of renewable energy and nanotechnology on technological enlightenment among students of the che chemistry department
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Publication Date
Tue Feb 01 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Special Education
Cultural Perspective of Male Outfit in the Text of the Play of Hamlet by William Shakespeare and the Application of (the Status of Apparels) Textual Analysis
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Publication Date
Thu Dec 31 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The dimensions of organizational confidence and its relationship to achieving the strategic position of banks: is an applied research on a sample of private Iraqi banks
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The research aims to show the dimensions of organizational trust represented by (administrative policies opportunities for innovation and self innovation and self- realization,availability of information,prevailing organizational values) and its reiationship to achieving the strategic position of banks represented by formation of expectations,buiiding networks,learning operations As the research was applied in each of the banks (middle east)Iraqi investment,Al-Ahly Iraqi, Business Bay, Al- Mansour investment bank),the qusestionnaire was adopted as a tool to collect data and information from the sample number (138)who are in the site (department director, division ,M.division director ,division officer, unit officer)the statistica

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Strategic Command and its role in activating the Organisational performance analytical study of the views of the heads of academic departments at General Authority of groundwater.
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Abstract

The research aims to identify the strategic leadership and its role in activating the Organisational Performance, which is an analytical study of the views of the heads of scientific departments at General Authority of groundwater researcher's quest focused towards building a theoretical framework suitable for strategic leadership and performance Organisational and itُs dimensions.To achieve the aims of the research is designed to identify the researcher included (35) items to collect the raw data from the research sample consisting of 33 of the heads of departments. Data was collected by questionnaire, field visits, interviews and some official documents to complete the search data. It has also been used a numb

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 03 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The impact of the procedures of the Banking Compliance Controller on the decision to grant credit and default: Applied research in a sample of Iraqi banks
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The Central Bank is the backbone of the banking system as a whole, and in order to maintain the banking system, one of the most important functions that the Central Bank performs is the function of supervising and controlling banks, with several tools and methods, and one of the most important of these tools is its creation of the function of a compliance observer, which obligated commercial banks to appoint a person in A bank that performs this function according to certain conditions and granting it some powers that would build a sound and compliant banking system. The function of the compliance observer is to follow up on the bank’s compliance with the instructions and decisions issued by

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 30 2004
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
Comparison of the results of some tests of passing and dribbling of the basketball of tow different years between teams of chosen young players in Baghdad
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This study is concerned with the comparison of the results of some tests of passing and dribbling of the basketball of tow different years between teams of chosen young players in Baghdad. Calculative methods were used namely (Arithmetic mean, Value digression and T.test for incompatible specimens). After careful calculative treatments, it has been that there were abstract or no abstract differences in the find results of chestpass, highdribble and cross-over dribble. The clubs were: (Al-Khark, Air defence, Police and Al-Adamiyah) each one separate from the other for the year (2000-2001). After all that many findings were reached such as the lack of objective valuation (periodical tests) between one sport season and the other. In the light

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 24 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Research In Medical And Dental Science
The Wound Healing Potential of Iraqi Origanum majorana L n-Hexane and Ethyl Acetate Fractions in a Rat Model of Excisional Wound Repair: Pre-Clinical Test
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Origanum majorana (Majorana hortensis), an evergreen herbaceous plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family, has been well known for being used for gastrointestinal, cardiac, respiratory, rheumatologic and many other illnesses, but in wounds management hasn’t been qualified scientifically yet. The goal of the study was to evaluate the wound healing properties of sterols in n-hexane and phenols in ethyl acetate extract fractions of the Iraqi Origanum majorana L aerial parts by contrasting their wound healing abilities with those of commercially available MEBO ointment in a rat excised wound repair model. At various periods, the size of the wounds was measured and skin tissue samples were taken for histopathology. When compared to positive and

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Publication Date
Wed Jul 09 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
An Oral Health Status and Treatment Needed in Relation to Dental Knowledge, Among a Group of Children Attending Preventive Department, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad
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Background: Oral health represents an important base for human well-being; the heath of the body begins from oral cavity. Great deal has been applied to increase knowledge in the field of oral health in order to develop appropriate preventive program. This study was conducted in order to estimate the percentage and severity of dental caries and gingivitis among children attending Preventive Department in Collage of Dentistry, University of Baghdad and to determine dental treatment need for those patients, further more to study the relation of these variables with dental knowledge. Materials and Methods: The study group consists of 163 children with an age ranged from 6 to 14 years, who attended the preventive clinic for the first time to be

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Intellectual Capital and Role in Achieving of Management of Customer Experience : A field study of the views of a sample of the leaders of Iraqi banks
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The issue of intellectual capital is a critical issue in the success and excellence of organizations, especially if it is linked to the management of customer experience, and because of the characteristic of the Iraqi environment, which affected all sectors, including the banking sector, it was important to discuss the types of intellectual capital and its relationship to the management of customer experience, especially when managers private banks, the importance of research lies in the linking of its variables to build the strategic capabilities of banks to achieve excellence and sustainability, it aims to diagnose the extent of interest in the types of intellectual capital and management of customer experience in the Iraqi ban

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 23 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Risk of non-compliance and its impact on the profitability of Islamic banks: (Applied res earch in the Islamic Cooperation Bank)For the years (2016-2012)
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This research deals with the risks of non-compliance and its impact on the profitability of Islamic banks. Research variables were measured and analyzed as the risk of non-compliance as an independent variableand profitability as a dependent variable. The profitability was measured by three indicators ((rate of return on assets, rate of return on equity and rate of return on Total deposits)) The results of the research showed a significant relationship between the risk of non-compliance and the rate of return on assets and rate of return on total deposits, while there was no relationship between the risk of non-compliance and rate of return on ownership. The research recommended that the senior management of the Islamic Investment Bank s

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