Exposure to cryogenic liquids can significantly impact the petrophysical properties of rock, affecting its density, porosity, permeability, and elastic properties. These effects can have important implications for various applications, including oil and gas production and carbon sequestration. Cryogenic liquid fracturing is a promising alternative to traditional hydraulic fracturing for exploiting unconventional oil and gas resources and geothermal energy. This technology offers several advantages over traditional hydraulic fracturing, including reduced water consumption, reduced formation damage, and a reduced risk of flow-back fluid contamination. In this study, an updated review of recent studies demonstrates how the

A new  light-weight nanocarbon prepared by spray-drying method  to obtain  particle size is 21.7 nm based of polylactic acid biodegradable film in antistatic packaging .Bio carbon (biochar) is  obtained from  plants and soils to naturally absorb and store carbon dioxide from the atmosphere . Therefor it has been used to support biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) with to obtain 100% recyclable material.

Using plasticizer thymol of polylactic acid and biochar (bio carbon) as composites were prepared by a solution casting method with (0.5-10)wt% biochar. The composites  characterized by  FTIR, electrical conductivity, mechanical properties , contact angle and Colar and Brightness . Results show th

In this study, geopolymer mortar was designed in various experimental combinations employing 1% micro steel fibers and was subjected to different temperatures, according to the prior works of other researchers. The geopolymer mortar was developed using a variety of sustainable material proportions (fly ash and slag) to examine the influence of fibers on its strength. The fly ash weight percentage was 50%, 60%, and 70% by slag weight to study its effect on the geopolymer mortar's properties. The optimal ratio produced the most significant results when mixed at a 50:50 ratio of fly ash and slag with 1% micro steel fibers at curing temperature 240oC for 4 hours through two days. The compressive strength of the geopolymer mortar increas

new Schiff base 4-chlorophenyl)methanimine (6R,7R)-3-methyl-8-oxo-7-(2-phenylpropanamido)-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate= (HL)= C23H20 ClN3O4S) has been synthesized from β-lactam antibiotic (cephalexin mono hydrate(CephH)=(C16H19N3O5S.H2O) and 4-chlorobenzaldehyde . Figure(1) Metal mixed ligand complexes of the Schiff base were prepared from chloride salt of Fe(II),Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II),Zn(II) and Cd (II), in 50% (v/v) ethanol –water medium (SacH ) .in aqueous ethanol(1:1) containing and Saccharin(C7H5NO3S) = sodium hydroxide. Several physical tools in particular; IR, CHN, 1H NMR, 13C NMR for ligand and melting point molar conductance, magnetic moment. and determination the percentage of the metal in the complexes by fl

A new Schiff base (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl methanimine (6R,7R)-3-methyl-8-oxo-7-(2-phenylpropanamido)-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate=HL=C29H24ClN3O4S) has been synthesized from β-lactam antibiotic (cephalexin mono hydrate (CephH)=(C16H19N3O5S.H2O) and 4- chlorobenzophenone. Metal mixed ligand complexes of the Schiff base were prepared from chloride salt of Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II), in 50% (v/v) ethanol – water medium in aqueous ethanol(1:1) and Saccharin(C7H5NO3S) containing sodium hydroxide. Several physical tools in particular; IR, C:H:N , 1H NMR,13C NMR for ligand, melting point, molar conductance, magnetic moment. and determination of the percentage of the metal in the complexes by flame(AAS

The research includes the synthesis and identification of the mixed ligands complexes of M+2ions in general composition[M(Asn)2(SMX)] Where L- Aspargine (C4H8N2O3)symbolized (AsnH) as a primary ligand and Sulfamethoxazole(C10H11N3O3S) symbolized (SMX) as a secondary ligand. The ligands and the metal chlorides were brought in to reaction at room temperature in(v/v) ethanol /water as solvent containing NaOH. The reaction required the following [(metal: 2(Na+Asn-): (SMX)] molar ratios with M(II) ions, Where: M(II)=Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II). The UV–Vis and magnetic moment data revealed an octahedral geometry around M(II), The conductivity data show a non-electrolytic nature of the complexes. The antimicrobial a

Hydrophobic silica aerogels were successfully preparation by an ambient pressure drying method from sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) with different pH values (5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10). In this study, acidic HCl (1M), a basic NH4OH (1M) were selected as a catalyst to perform the surface modification in a TMCS (trimethylchlorosilane) solution. The surface chemical modification of the aerogels was assured by the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic studies. Other physical properties, such as pore volume and pore size and specific surface area were determined by Brunauer-Emmett- Teller (BET) method. The effect of pH values on the bulk density of aerogel. The sol–gel parameter pH value in the sol, have marked effects on the physical proper

Rate of penetration plays a vital role in field development process because the drilling operation is expensive and include the cost of equipment and materials used during the penetration of rock and efforts of the crew in order to complete the well without major problems. It’s important to finish the well as soon as possible to reduce the expenditures. So, knowing the rate of penetration in the area that is going to be drilled will help in speculation of the cost and that will lead to optimize drilling outgoings. In this research, an intelligent model was built using artificial intelligence to achieve this goal.  The model was built using adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system to predict the rate of penetration in