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The compound stream event of March 20-25, 2011 as measured by the STEREO B spacecraft
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Abstract<p>The interaction of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICME) with each other and with co-rotating interaction regions (CIR) changes their configuration, dynamics, magnetic field and plasma characteristics and can make space weather forecasting difficult. During the period of March 20–25, 2011, the Solar Terrestrial Relation Observatory (<italic>STEREO</italic> B) encountered a compound stream containing several interacting structures. Our analysis suggests that the stream consists of two ICMEs followed by an embedded ICME/CIR. The sudden appearance of the third ICME within the fast wind side of the CIR causes the proton temperature(<inline-formula><alternatives><tex-math>$T_{p} $</tex-math><math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>T</mi><mi>p</mi></msub></math></alternatives></inline-formula>) to drop suddenly to its lowest level in about 1.2 hours, from <inline-formula><alternatives><tex-math>$3.89 \times 10^{5}$</tex-math><math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>3.89</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup></math></alternatives></inline-formula> K to <inline-formula><alternatives><tex-math>$1.07 \times 10^{4}$</tex-math><math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>1.07</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup></math></alternatives></inline-formula> K (by a factor of ≈36). The fast wind which follows the CIR influences not only the third ICME’s temperature but also its proton beta (<inline-formula><alternatives><tex-math>$\upbeta_{\mathrm{p}}$</tex-math><math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>β</mi><mi>p</mi></msub></math></alternatives></inline-formula>). In addition, the third ICME impacts the CIR through expansion and deceleration. A forward pressure wave penetrates ICME1. It’s source is either the second ICME, the merged third ICME and CIR, or it may be a remnant shock. The compression causes an increase of the <inline-formula><alternatives><tex-math>$T_{p}$</tex-math><math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>T</mi><mi>p</mi></msub></math></alternatives></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><alternatives><tex-math>$\upbeta_{\mathrm{p}}$</tex-math><math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>β</mi><mi>p</mi></msub></math></alternatives></inline-formula> of the second and part of the first ICME. Despite the signatures of four large-scale interacting structures within the compound stream, it is difficult to reconcile the <italic>in-situ</italic> sequence with other remote sensing observations of ejecta close to the Sun because of the large system of coronal expanding loops above the active region. Compound streams therefore remain difficult to interpret, and further understanding of the subject will depend on the future study of similar events.</p>
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Publication Date
Thu Dec 14 2023
Journal Name
Optical And Quantum Electronics
Enhancing response characteristics of palladium-doped vanadium pentoxide on a porous silicon substrate as gas sensor synthesized by pulsed laser deposition
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Publication Date
Fri Feb 28 2020
Journal Name
Neuroquantology
Using X-Ray Films for Evaluation efficiency of Unsaturated Polyester Reinforced by Lead Oxide as Shielding for Medical X-ray Devices
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The largest use of x-ray in medical by dentists, employers or persons that needed by patients with specific conditions, lead to higher exposure of x-ray that may cause many diseases. In the present work radiography films have been used in evaluating the efficiency of using unsaturated polyester polymer reinforced with lead oxide (PbO) as shield material for medical x-ray devices, many parameters studied like concentration and thickness that they are increasing the attenuation of x-ray in them. The results show that the attenuation of X-ray increasing with concentration of reinforced material and with thickness, and the optical density decreases with increasing concentration from 0% to 50%, we chose 30% as suitable concentration to increase

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 05 2017
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The Relation between Bacterial and Heavy Metal Water Pollution and Blood Micronuclei as Biomarkers in the Tigris River Fish
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The objective of this study is to evaluate the bacterial count and heavy metal concentration of river water on fish micronuclei. Fish and water samples are carried out in 1 May to 1 June 2013 from Tigris River. A total of fifty three fish sample are studied. The bacteriological quality of water showed that the total viable count is ranged from 150×103 to 352×103 cfu/ml and fecal coliform counts was 1250 cell/100ml during the study period. All the metals (Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn) are within the normal limit, but Cd was slightly elevated in river water samples. The appearance of micronuclei in red blood cells of all fish species is detect , by recording a larger number of it, in ( Abu Alsomere , Hishne , Bannini Kaber al fam & Karkoor

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 30 2022
Journal Name
Gsc Biological And Pharmaceutical Sciences
Using the silicon (luminal cast plastination technique) for the lower respiratory tract in sheep as an alternative to cement
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The lower respiratory tract of sheep was studied to determine the torsion and branching of the bronchial tree. The respiratory system of ruminants and all living organisms is one of the most important organs in the body that controls the amount of gas exchange between the heart and lungs through the airways, it is clear that in sheep it consists of a narrow bronchial tube that reaches the extent of lung tissue repercussions. He used silicon, water, acid, and at room temperature, and the substance was injected with an injection gun through the trachea and was pushed gently to spread and distribute in all parts of the lungs with moderate manual pressure. The results showed that the mold shape in the lung and the bronchial branches of

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 22 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The challenges facing the Insurance sector in Iraq Analytical study in Iraqi insurance companies (National insurance company as model)
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Most of World nations are striving to provide the necessary needs to protect their economic properties assets against natural or abnormal disasters that may be inflicted on such property and the means that used by such countries to reduce the damages is insurance, whereas insurance as a system that collects and distributes different risks into the group thus  to achieve a social symbiosis between individuals. The system works to transfer the risks from the individual to the group and then distributes the losses to all members of the group.

According to the importance of the insurance sector and the need to develop it as well as working on improving its performance, this search aims to identify the ac

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 01 2010
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Technical methodology balanced performance as a strategic framework for the economic units operating in the Iraqi industrial sector environment
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facing economic units operating in the environment sector of the Iraqi

industrial many pressures in its seeking to measure and evaluate its performance because of variables, today's corporate environment, as the case which makes looking for a methodology can be adopted to evaluate its performance with a more holistic, rather than being limited to traditional measures that are no longer enough to keep pace with rapid changes in today's corporate environment, which requires that measures of performance are derived from the strategy of unity and commensurate with the specificity of the environment in Iraq. Try searching discussion Ttormwhrat and performance measurement systems to suit the business strategies and directions of change

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 27 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Problems Facing Working Women in the Labor Market (The Mall) as a Model:a Field Study in Al-RusafaArea/ Baghdad
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Most studies and research have tried to shed light on unemployment and employment in general, with less focus on the problems facing working women and the resulting social and economic consequences that threaten their human and professional lives. For women, working is one of the basic necessities for the sustainability of human life, and it constitutes an essential axis for both sexes and through it. It also gives a person the status and social status where the individual finds a ready opportunity to practice his intentions and desires, test his abilities and talents, and achieve his ambitions. The availability of full employment in general and the joining of women to the labor market is an important and fundamental factor in the sustai

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 07 2010
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The Direct Gene Injection Using of Egg Yolk Emulsion as Carrier and its Comparison with Liposomes.
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The efficiency of egg yolk emulsion in coating DNA and its delivery across cellular membranes was evaluated in comparison with liposomes DOPE . The murine leukemia viral oncogene v-abl , cloned on pBR322 was used as a DNA substrate for direct injection into mice tissue . the DNA complexes were prepared by mixing the DNA with egg yolk emulsion and liposome . Each was directly injected into mice peritoneal cavity with proper control. The gene delivery was examined phenotypically by blood analysis and cytogenetic analysis . Chromosomal changes were detected in the bone marrow as from the fourth day post inoculation through the eleventh day when chromosomal ring s could be seen . this was accompanied by decrease in the WBC count ,

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Bionatura
STUDY THE TIGRIS RIVER IN SOUTH OF BAGHDAD CITY AND MAY USE IT AS IRRIGATION WATER
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Scopus
Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Studying the Utility of Using Reed and Sawdust as Waste Materials to Produce Cementitious Building Units
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In this research, the possibility of using waste wooden materials (reed and sawdust) was studied to produce sustainable and thermal insulation lightweight building units , which has economic and environmental advantages. This study is intended to produce light weight building units with low thermal conductivity, so it can be used as partitions to improve the thermal insulation in buildings. Waste wooden materials were used as a partial replacement of natural sand, in different percentages (10, 20, 30, and 40) % . The mix proportions were (1:2.5) (cement: fine aggregate) with w/c of 0.4. The values of 28 days oven dry density ranged between (2060-1693) kg/m3.The thermal conductivity decreased from (0.745 to 0.2

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