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Preparation, <i>In-vitro, Ex-vivo</i>, and Pharmacokinetic Study of Lasmiditan as Intranasal Nanoemulsion-based <i>In Situ</i> Gel
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Background:

Lasmiditan (LAS) is a recently developed antimigraine drug and was approved in October, 2019 for the treatment of acute migraines; however, it suffers from low oral bioavailability, which is around 40%.

Objective:

This study aimed to improve the LAS bioavailability via formulation as nanoemulsionbased in situ gel (NEIG) given intranasally and then compare the traditional aqueous-LASsuspension (AQS) with the two successful intranasal prepared formulations (NEIG 2 and NEIG 5) in order to determine its relative bioavailability (F-relative) via using rabbits.

Method:

Two successfully prepared nanoemulsion (NE) formulas, a and b, were selected for the incorporation of different percentages of pH-sensitive in situ gelling polymer (Carbopol 934) to prepare NEIGs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. The pH, gelation capacity, gel strength, and viscosity were predicted for the prepared NEIGs. The release (in vitro) and the nasal permeation (ex vivo) were determined for NEIG 2 and 5, and then both were subjected to pharmacokinetics in vivo studies. Eighteen male rabbits weighing 2.0 to 2.5 kg were employed in the parallel design study. The body surface area (BSA) normalization method was applied for LAS dose calculation. Serial blood samples were taken out and subjected to drug analysis using the HPLC method previously developed and validated by Kumar et al. Primary pharmacokinetics parameters, including maximum drug concentration in plasma (Cmax), time to reach C-max (T-max), and area under the concentration-time curve from time zero to affinity (AUCt0-∞) were calculated. Both NE (a and b), together with NEIG (2 and 5) formulas, were subjected to the stability study. Finally, a nasal ciliotoxicity study was carried out to evaluate the nasal toxicity of developed NEIGs 2 and 5.

Result:

The results showed that NEIGs 2 and 5 could be selected as the optimized NEIGs as both achieved 100% permeation within 20 min and then released within 25 and 35 min, respectively, thus achieving 3.3 folds with higher permeation percentages as compared to the AQS. Both NEIGs 2 and 5 exerted comparable release and permeation values as the corresponding NE a and b with more residence time in order to overcome the normal nasal physiological clearance. The values of C-max, Tmax, and AUC0- ∞ for NEIG 2 and NEIG 5 were 8066 ± 242 ng/ml, 0.75 ± 0.05 h, 19616.86 ± 589 ng. h/ml, and 7975.67 ± 239 ng/ml, 1.0 ± 0.05 h, 17912.36 ± 537 ng. h/ml, respectively, compared to the traditional AQS, which is equal to 4181.09 ± 125 ng/ml, 2 ± 0.2 h, and 8852.27 ± 266 ng. h/ml, respectively. It was discovered that NEIGs 2 and 5 had better intranasal delivery of LAS and could significantly (p < 0.05) achieve a higher value of permeability coefficient (3.3 folds) and 2.5 folds improvement in bioavailability when compared to AQS. The NE a, NE b, NEIG2, and NEIG5 formulations showed good stability at various temperatures. According to the nasal ciliotoxicity study, the nasal mucosal membrane, which was treated with NEIG 5, showed irritation with a bit of damage. However, damage was not observed when it was treated with NEIG 2, indicating the biocompatibility of the last one to be selected as the optimum formula.

Conclusion:

NEIG 2 and NEIG 5 are promising new intranasal formulas with a faster onset of action and greater bioavailability than the oral dosage form (AQS). Finally, the selected optimum gold formula that will be ready for further clinical study is NEIG 2.

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 02 2012
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Preparation, Study and Theortical Treatment of Co(II) Ni(II) Cu(II) and Zn(II) Schiff Base Coplexes with Sodium [N-(hydroxyl naphtholidine) Glycine imino].
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Anew Schiff base (NaHL) has been prepared from the reaction between the salt of amino acid glycine with 2-hydroxy naphthaldehyde. By tridentate Schiff base of (ONO), donors were characterized by using U.V and spectrophotometer techniques. Complexes of Co(II) Ni(II) Cu(II) and Zn(II) ion with the ligand have been prepared, these complexes were identified by infrared, electronic spectral data, elemental analysis, magnetic moments, and molar conductivity measurements. It is concluded from the elemental analysis that all the complexes have (1:2) [metal:ligand] molar ratios, octahedral, with the exception to Zn(II) complex which have (1:1)[metal:ligand] molar ratio.

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 18 2020
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
In Vitro Bioremediation: A Development Process of Cadmium and Mercury Removal by Environmental Biotechnologies of UV-Mutated Escherichia coli K12 and Bacillus subtilis 168
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  1. coli K12 and B. subtilis 168 were investigated for their cadmium and mercury tolerance abilities. They were developed by UV mutagenesis technique to increase their tolerances either to cadmium or mercury, and their names then were designated depend on the name and concentration of metals. E. coli K12 Cd3R exhibited bioremediation amount of 6.5 mg Cd/g dry biomass cell. At the same time, its wild-type (E. coli K12 Cd3) was able to remove 5.2 mg Cd/g dry biomass cell in treatment of 17 mg Cd /L within 72 hours of incubation at 37 °C (pH=7) in vitro assays. The results show that E.coli K12 Hg 20 was able to remove 0.050 µg Hg/g dry biomass cell
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Publication Date
Wed Sep 01 2021
Journal Name
Nanomedicine Research Journal
Preparation, Characterization, Antimicrobial and Antitumor Activity of Chitosan Schiff base / PVA / PVP Au, Ag Nanocomposite in Treatment of Breast Cancer Cell Line
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Objective(s): Biocompatibility, non-toxicity, minimal allergenicity, and biodegradability are all characteristics of chitosan. Other biological properties of chitosan have been reported, including antitumor, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. This research aim is the synthesis of drug compounds by preparation and characterization of polymer chitosan Schiff base and chitosan Schiff base / Poly vinyl alcohol / poly vinyl pyrrolidone Nanocomposite and study applications (anticancer cell line, antimicrobial agents). Methods: Chitosan Schiff base was prepared from the reaction of chitosan with carbonyl group of 4-nitro benzaldehyde. Polymer blend have been prepared by solution casting method. Chitosan Schiff base mixing with PVA and PVP

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Comparative Assessment of in Vitro Effect of Three Fluoride Releasing Agents on Enamel Demineralization around Orthodontic Brackets
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Publication Date
Wed Aug 26 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Comparative Assessment of In Vitro Effect of Three Fluoride Releasing Agents on Enamel Demineralization around Orthodontic Brackets
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Background: White spot lesion considered as irreversible tooth demineralization presenting challenge to orthodontists during treatment schedules, fluoride was the most successfully used measure to overcome this challenge. Materials and method: A total of forty sound human permanent premolars were used in the present study and categorized into four groups, in one group the teeth were bonded with stainless steel brackets using Resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) and the other three groups the teeth were bonded with light cured composite Resilience® (Ortho technology Co., USA). Group A; Acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) topical gel (Mfg by DEEPAK PRODUCTS, INC, USA), fluoride ion 1.23% applied on examine area for four minute. Gro

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 11 2025
Journal Name
Scientific Reports
An in vitro evaluation of the mineralization effect of a marine collagen supplement on early enamel lesions
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The marine collagens are biocompatible and biodegradable materials that are considered as a biomimetic approach for tissue regeneration. This study evaluated the effect of daily consumption of marine collagen supplement drink on enamel white spot lesions (WSLs), comparing the results against Regenerate system and Sylc air abrasion methods. Fifty human enamel slabs were allocated into five groups (n = 10 per group): non-treated (sound); non-treated (WSLs, 8% methylcellulose gel with 0.1 M lactic acid (pH 4.6) at 37 °C for 21 days); and three treated surfaces with marine collagen; Regenerate system; and Sylc air abrasion. The treatment lasted for 28 days followed by four weeks’ storage in artificial saliva (pH = 7.0, 37 °C). Evalu

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 03 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Babylon University
Spectrophotometric Determination of Sulfamethoxazole in Pure and Pharmaceutical Preparations Based on Condensation Reaction Method
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A new, Simple, sensitive and accurate spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the determination of sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) drug in pure and dosage forms. This method based on the reaction of sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) with 1,2-napthoquinone-4-sulphonic acid (NQS) to form Nalkylamono naphthoquinone by replacement of the sulphonate group of the naphthoquinone sulphonic acid by an amino group. The colored chromogen shows absorption maximum at 460 nm. The optimum conditions of condensation reaction forms were investigated by (1) univariable method, by optimizing the effect of experimental variables (different bases, reagent concentration, borax concentration and reaction time), (2) central composite design (CCD) including the effect of

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 01 2021
Journal Name
Environmental Monitoring And Assessment
GIS-based assessment of groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation purposes in central Iraq
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Publication Date
Sat Oct 29 2022
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Current Trends In Geotechnical Engineering And Construction
Automatic Co-registration of UAV-Based Photogrammetry and Terrestrial Laser Scanning in Urban Areas
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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
Spatial analysis of rural services in the district of Fallujah, Zgharit village, as a model
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          The study of services in villages is one of the imperative matters that must   be focused on, because it leads to increased attention, which reduces the differences between the countryside and the urban. The extent of its.

  It is well known that community services need to be reached by a person, unlike the anchor services that reach people, here the population distribution plays an important and prominent role in signing these services, so the dispersed distribution pattern and the gathering pattern appeared in the distribution, thus an effect on the time and distance that the person walked to obtain The services are community-based. Therefore

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