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Deployment of multiservice code in FSO-based hybrid subcarrier system
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Abstract<p>This research aims to investigate and improve multi-user free space optic systems (FSO) based on a hybrid subcarrier multiplexing spectral amplitude coding-optical code division multiple access (SCM-SAC-OCDMA) technique using MS code with a direct decoding technique. The performance is observed under different weather conditions including clear, rain, and haze conditions. The investigation includes analyzing the proposed system mathematically using MATLAB and OptiSystem software. The simulation is carried out using a laser diode. Furthermore, the performances of the MS code in terms of angles of bit rate, beam divergence and noise are evaluated based on bit error rate (BER), received power, and transmission distance. The performance of the MS code-based system was subsequently compared with Khazani Syed code (KS), multi-diagonal (MD), and modified quadratic congruence code (MQC) codes under different weather conditions at a bit rate of 1 Gb/s and BER threshold of 10<sup>−9</sup>. Heavy rain indicates the worst performance in terms of transmission distance of 0.9 km. Nevertheless, the system designed using the MS code outperformed the KS, MD and MQC systems as it is capable of supporting up to 6.3, 0.8, 0.9, and 1.5 km, respectively, under clear weather. In conclusion, this study provides a means of improving FSO communications that suits tropical and Malaysia weather conditions.</p>
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Publication Date
Sun Apr 14 2019
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
The political system in North Korea
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النظام السياسي في كوريا الشمالة

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Ssrn Electronic Journal
Developing a Predictive Model and Multi-Objective Optimization of a Photovoltaic/Thermal System Based on Energy and Exergy Analysis Using Response Surface Methodology
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Publication Date
Thu Dec 30 2021
Journal Name
Periodicals Of Engineering And Natural Sciences (pen)
Design a system for an approved video copyright over cloud based on biometric iris and random walk generator using watermark technique
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Publication Date
Fri Jan 05 2024
Journal Name
Al-academy
THE SYSTEM OF SHAPE IN SOME OF PICASSOS CERAMICS
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Picasso ceramics represented illuminated sign in ceramic art and excelled in accord ceramic art dimension aesthetically, and put it in a new prospects, despite the simplicity of the forms turn into a magical images and multiple interpretations.
So the search deliberately to choose purposive (37) samples divided into four groups, as follows: -
A flat shapes / palets or saucers / the vases /modified vases .
benefiting from indicators were spawned from literature ,to analyzing samples within the totals for the identification systems act forming art work`s:-
(1)Picasso's ceramic work product of a deliberate process represented a capacity of technical experience, and formal
(2)The system configuration in the ceramic art works c

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 01 2020
Journal Name
Acta Polytechnica
COMPLEXITY REDUCTION OF CYCLOSTATIONARY SENSING TECHNIQUE USING IMPROVED HYBRID SENSING METHOD
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In cognitive radio system, the spectrum sensing has a major challenge in needing a sensing method, which has a high detection capability with reduced complexity. In this paper, a low-cost hybrid spectrum sensing method with an optimized detection performance based on energy and cyclostationary detectors is proposed. The method is designed such that at high signal-to-noise ratio SNR values, energy detector is used alone to perform the detection. At low SNR values, cyclostationary detector with reduced complexity may be employed to support the accurate detection. The complexity reduction is done in two ways: through reducing the number of sensing samples used in the autocorrelation process in the time domain and through using the Slid

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Civil Engineering Journal
Rehabilitation of Hybrid RC-I Beams with Openings Using CFRP Sheets
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This research presents an experimental investigation of the rehabilitation efficiency of the damaged hybrid reinforced concrete beams with openings in the shear region. The study investigates the difference in retrofitting ability of hybrid beams compared to traditional beams and the effect of two openings compared with one opening equalized to two holes in the area. Five RC beams classified into two groups, A and B, were primarily tested to full-failure under two-point loads. The first group (A) contained beams with normal weight concrete. The second group (hybrid) included beams with lightweight concrete for web and bottom flange, whereas the top flange was made from normal concrete. Two types of openings were considered in this s

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 10 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Wear and mechanical prop erties of epoxy/MgO-SiO2 hybrid nanocomposites
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Preparation of epoxy/MgO and epoxy/SiO2 nanocomposites is
studding. The nano composites were processed by different nano
fillers concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.07 and
0.1 wt%). Epoxy resin and nanocomposites containing different
shape nano fillers of (MgO:SiO2 composites), are shear mixing with
ratio 1:1,with different nano hybrid fillers concentrations (0.025,
0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2 and 0.25 wt%) to preparation of epoxy/(MgOSiO2)
hybrid nanocomposites. Experimental tests results indicate that
the composite materials have significantly higher modulus of
elasticity than the matrix material but the hybrid nanocomposites
have lower modulus of elasticity. The wear rate was decreased in
nanoc

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 15 2021
Journal Name
2021 International Conference On Computing And Communications Applications And Technologies (i3cat)
Parallel Hybrid String Matching Algorithm Using CUDA API Function
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Publication Date
Wed Nov 20 2019
Journal Name
Proceedings Of The 2019 3rd International Conference On Big Data Research
Pressure Vessel Design Simulation Using Hybrid Harmony Search Algorithm
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Publication Date
Thu Mar 09 2017
Journal Name
Sensors
A Multimodality Hybrid Gamma-Optical Camera for Intraoperative Imaging
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The development of low profile gamma-ray detectors has encouraged the production of small field of view (SFOV) hand-held imaging devices for use at the patient bedside and in operating theatres. Early development of these SFOV cameras was focussed on a single modality—gamma ray imaging. Recently, a hybrid system—gamma plus optical imaging—has been developed. This combination of optical and gamma cameras enables high spatial resolution multi-modal imaging, giving a superimposed scintigraphic and optical image. Hybrid imaging offers new possibilities for assisting clinicians and surgeons in localising the site of uptake in procedures such as sentinel node detection. The hybrid camera concept can be extended to a multimodal detec

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