This work contain many steps starting from esterification of isophthalic acid to yield diester compound [I] which was converted to their acid hydrazide [II], then the later compound reacted with ethylacetoacetate to yield pyrazol-5-one compound [III]. Afterword added acetyl chloride to give the compound [IV], thereaction of this compound with theiosemicarbazide ledto produce a new carbothioamide compound [V], Which was reacted with ethyl chloro acetate to yield thethioxoimidazolidin compound [VI]. The condensation reaction of this compound with different substituted aldehyde give new alkene derivatives[VII]a-d. The synthesized compounds were characterized by melting points , FT-IR ,1H-NMR and Mass spectroscopy .

This work contain many steps starting from esterification of isophthalic acid to yield diester compound [I] which was converted to their acid hydrazide [II], then the later compound reacted with ethylacetoacetate to yield pyrazol-5-one compound [III]. Afterword added acetyl chloride to give the compound [IV], the reaction of this compound with theiosemicarbazide led to produce a new carbothioamide compound [V], which was reacted with ethyl chloro acetate to yield the thioxoimidazolidin compound [VI]. The condensation reactions of this compound with different substituted aldehyde give new alkene derivatives [VII] ad. The synthesized compounds were characterized by melting points, FT-IR, 1H-NMR and Mass spectroscopy.

Some esters were prepared from reaction of different molecular weight of PVA with some acid chloride (prepared by reaction of acid with thionyl chloride or phosphorous pentachloride)in the presence of pyridine. The thermal and reological properties were studied. The increasing Of bulky groups decreasing stability of the thermal and reological properties.

The work include synthesis of nanocomposites (X / S / Ag) based on blend from Xanthan gum / sodium alginate polymers (X / S) with different loading of synthesized silver nanoparticales (0.01, 0.03 and 0.05 wt%) were added to the blend. The silver nanoparticles were prepared by reduction method and were characterized and analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Atomic force microscope (AFM). XRD study showed the presence nanoparticle of silver with crystalline nature and face-centered cubic (FCC) structure and an average size of nanoparticles ranging from 32 to 37 nm. The surface study was performed using AFM which showed a fairly uniform shape to the nanocomposites and a spherical nature for the silver nanoparticles. The nanocomposite exh

Activated carbon loading with metals oxides is new adsorbents and catalyst, which seem very promising for desulfurization process. The present study deals with the preparation of three metals oxides loaded on activated carbon (AC). The tri composite of ZnO/NiO/CoO/AC was characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), X-Ray florescence (XRF), N₂ adsorption for BET surface area, pore volume and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The effect of calcination temperature is investigated. The best calcination temperature is 250^oC based on the presence of phase, low weight loss and keep at high surface area. The surface area and pore volume of prepared tri composite are 932.97m²/g and 0.6031cm³/g respec

Novel heterocyclic polyimide 5(a,b) have been synthesized based on polyacrylic backbone. The synthetic route start with nucleophilic substitution of 2-amino, or 4-amino, pyridine 1(a,b) to the polyacryloyl chloride afforded poly substituted amide 2(a,b). Another nucleophilic substitution were carried with adipoyl chloride to form polyimide chloride 3(a,b). Treatment of 3(a,b) with hydrazine hydrate afforded acid hydrazide polyimide 4(a,b), which upon cyclocondensation with carbon disulfide gave the target heterocyclic polyimide. The synthesized compounds were identified by spectroscopic methods: FT-IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR.

This study aims to answer a significant problem of social sciences and philosophy: How do we construct an institutional reality such as diplomacy with an objective recognizable existence? The study assumes that the ability to build institutional reality is based on our biological capacity, as it takes different forms in all the institutions we construct. The study takes the theory of the American philosopher John Searle as an approach to examining the assumption. The study sums up important findings; cultures, although they share the biological capacity on which they produce institutional realities, differ in the form of the value standards on which the institutional realities are based. The study recommends the need of Arab social resea

The utilization of recycled brick tile powder as a replacement for conventional filler in the asphalt concrete mix has been studied in this research. This research evaluates the effectiveness of recycled brick tile powder and determines its optimum replacement level. Using recycled brick tile powder is significant from an environmental standpoint as it is a waste product from construction activities. Sixteen asphalt concrete samples were produced, and eight were soaked for a day. Samples contained 5% Bitumen, 2% to 5% brick tile powder, and conventional stone dust filler. The properties of samples were evaluated using the Marshall test. It was observed that the resistance to stiffness and deformation of asphalt concrete

The theory of the psychologist’s Piaget states that man passes through four stages; other says that mankind passes through five. At each stage, human learn new characteristics, values, skills, and cultures from different environment that differ from one society to another. Therefore, the cultures of societies vary according to the diversity of the environments. These environments also vary depending on the circumstances surrounding them, e.g., in war environment, the individual learns what he does not learn from living in safe environment. As the environment changes, the communicative message also changes. This message is subject to person, groups, organizations and parties and directed to a diverse audience in its orientations and bel