Predicting permeability is a cornerstone of petroleum reservoir engineering, playing a vital role in optimizing hydrocarbon recovery strategies. This paper explores the application of neural networks to predict permeability in oil reservoirs, underscoring their growing importance in addressing traditional prediction challenges. Conventional techniques often struggle with the complexities of subsurface conditions, making innovative approaches essential. Neural networks, with their ability to uncover complicated patterns within large datasets, emerge as a powerful alternative. The Quanti-Elan model was used in this study to combine several well logs for mineral volumes, porosity and water saturation estimation. This model goes beyond simply predicting lithology to provide a detailed quantification of primary minerals (e.g., calcite and dolomite) as well as secondary ones (e.g., shale and anhydrite). The results show important lithological contrast with the high-porosity layers correlating to possible reservoir areas. The richness of Quanti-Elan's interpretations goes beyond what log analysis alone can reveal. The methodology is described in-depth, discussing the approaches used to train neural networks (e.g., data processing, network architecture). A case study where output of neural network predictions of permeability in a particular oil well are compared with core measurements. The results indicate an exceptional closeness between predicted and actual values, further emphasizing the power of this approach. An extrapolated neural network model using lithology (dolomite and limestone) and porosity as input emphasizes the close match between predicted vs. observed carbonate reservoir permeability. This case study demonstrated the ability of neural networks to accurately characterize and predict permeability in complex carbonate systems. Therefore, the results confirmed that neural networks are a reliable and transformative technology tool for oil reservoirs management, which can help to make future predictive methodologies more efficient hydrocarbon recovery operations.
In this paper three techniques for image compression are implemented. The proposed techniques consist of three dimension (3-D) two level discrete wavelet transform (DWT), 3-D two level discrete multi-wavelet transform (DMWT) and 3-D two level hybrid (wavelet-multiwavelet transform) technique. Daubechies and Haar are used in discrete wavelet transform and Critically Sampled preprocessing is used in discrete multi-wavelet transform. The aim is to maintain to increase the compression ratio (CR) with respect to increase the level of the transformation in case of 3-D transformation, so, the compression ratio is measured for each level. To get a good compression, the image data properties, were measured, such as, image entropy (He), percent r
... Show MoreThe research aims to prepare a preliminary feasibility study that shows the importance of preliminary feasibility study in investment decision making, carrying out of the local demand of service provided in accordance with international standards and statement of investment opportunities available to the private sector in several investment methods. In order to reach the objectives of the study was adopted as a method of partial analysis at the level of economic unity through the study demand, supply, costs, economic and social profitability.
The health sector in Iraq is one of the service sectors facing today a continuous deficiency
... Show MoreLongitudinal data is becoming increasingly common, especially in the medical and economic fields, and various methods have been analyzed and developed to analyze this type of data.
In this research, the focus was on compiling and analyzing this data, as cluster analysis plays an important role in identifying and grouping co-expressed subfiles over time and employing them on the nonparametric smoothing cubic B-spline model, which is characterized by providing continuous first and second derivatives, resulting in a smoother curve with fewer abrupt changes in slope. It is also more flexible and can pick up on more complex patterns and fluctuations in the data.
The longitudinal balanced data profile was compiled into subgroup
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