SummaryThe most important obstacles facing girls’ clubs in IraqLamia Hassan Al-Diwan - Fatima Abdel Maleh - Nahida Hamed Thank youResearch SummaryIn the introduction and the importance of the research: We talked about women entering endurance events and relying on the principle of more training will achieve better results in the future. Based on the concepts that call for the equality of men with women in all aspects of sporting and competitive activity and as a result of the decline in women’s participation in sports clubs that include men, we came to The idea of establishing clubs for Iraqi girls in 1992, with a club in every governorate, and the Iraqi National Olympic Committee adopted this idea, the goal of which is to develop women’s sports in all governorates. In the same year, the clubs (Najaf Girl, Kar Balaa Girl, Mosul Girl, and Ibhar Girl) were founded. Along with these clubs, an office affiliated with the Olympic Committee called the Women’s Sports Office was established. This office succeeded in holding special tournaments for women in basketball, volleyball, and handball. This office also continued to communicate with the rest of the governorates to establish clubs in other governorates, according to their establishment (Al-Tamim - Diyala - Basra - Wasit - Mays - Al-Muthanna). It succeeded in bringing the number of clubs to ten clubs in 1996 for Iraqi girls.After this success in increasing the number of clubs, the diversity of their activities, and their need for self-financing, the Iraqi National Olympic Committee approved the establishment of the Iraqi Women’s Sports Federation on 2/22/2000, at the suggestion of the Sports Council, and the Federation continued to work until the number of girls’ clubs became three until 8/1/2002. Ten clubs after the establishment of the (Al-Qadisiyah - Dhi Qar - Babil) clubs, I find it necessary to mention that these clubs were participating in the federation’s women’s tournaments, which were in (basketball - handball - volleyball - badminton - swimming - table tennis - Arena and field - chess - and women's football, the last tournament organized by Basra in which five clubs participated).Although the experience of establishing clubs has reaped its fruits and the number of female athletes who prefer to work with women in private clubs has increased, the field of work has presented many obstacles in work, training and planning, and this has affected its level compared to the international level. In order for women’s sports to develop, we must be liberated from the Iraqi determinants that This makes her participation in sporting activities a departure from social traditions. Our research is important because it will solve the reality of the clubs and will answer the factors affecting the training process, methods of developing it, and ways to advance it in the service of the women’s sports movement in our beloved Iraq.1-2 Research problem:The Women's Federation, which includes girls' clubs, participated in the Solidarity Council Championship for Muslim Women's Sports with a large delegation numbering fifty-four participants, although its results were modest. In this tournament, Iraq ranked fifth out of a total of twenty-two participating countries. Because the researchers who worked in the Basra Girls Club as administrators and players and accompanied the teams to the tournaments in which those clubs participated felt the problem of research and improved the obstacles in the work of those clubs. The problem lies in the emergence of several obstacles facing the Iraqi Girls Clubs, and we will reveal their reasons in a constructive, scientific manner and find the best formulas in work, planning, and training. Service to the women's sports movement in Iraq.1-3 Research objectives:1- Identifying the most important obstacles facing girls’ clubs in Iraq. 2- Finding the best ways to address these obstacles. 1-4 Research hypothesis:1- A hampering presence facing girls’ clubs in Iraq.Human domain: The administrative staff of girls’ clubs in Iraq. Temporal domain: The period from 2/15/2002.2-2 Recommendations from the Lausanne Conference regarding women’s sports:Although women have creative and mental abilities, and even their beauty, which distinguishes them from men in many cases, and they are half of society, women still feel bitterness over the social and political laws that men radiate, and even though this situation has changed in advanced societies in favor of women somewhat. However, it is still clearly visible in daily life in developing countries, even though women hold political responsibilities and hold prime ministership in Pakistan, Turkey, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and the Dominicans. However, the 1996 conference in Lausanne, Switzerland, included 220 participants representing (96) countries. The conference was sponsored by Samran, President of the International Olympic Committee, and it came up with several recommendations, which are:1- Calling on the International Olympic Committee, sports federations, national Olympic committees, and sports federations to take into account the issue of women’s equality with men in their policies and programs, with the need to give women a greater role to contribute to all aspects of sports activity.2- Giving women opportunities to practice sports as players, coaches, or decision-makers in administrative aspects, provided that their percentage is not less than 110% of men.3-This formula applies first to international and national sports federations and to national Olympic committees.4- Giving priority to programs to qualify and prepare women as coaches, administrators or editors in the sports press, which are funded and supervised by the Olympic Solidarity Council of the International Olympic Committee.5- The need for the International Olympic Committee to issue specific laws and instructions regarding the necessity of equitable distribution of sports and field incentives between advanced and junior men and women.6- Holding qualification and training courses for women’s cadres in training, management, and media work annually at the continental level.7- The International Olympic Committee must take into account, when selecting the cities that will host the Olympic Games, the need to provide for the special needs of women athletes.8- The International Olympic Committee encourages the conduct of scientific and statistical research and studies on all aspects related to the issue of women and sports.9- Appealing to international sports federations to establish laws and instructions that facilitate women’s participation in the competitions of these federations.10- Requesting the International Olympic Committee to encourage governmental and non-governmental organizations, research centers and universities to conduct studies and research centered on sports and women.11- Governments with advanced financial capabilities assist developing countries in providing infrastructure and facilities for practicing sports and physical activity in general and for women in particular.12- Emphasizing the role of the family in contributing to instilling the concept of practicing sports and physical activity in sons and daughters, while giving more opportunities to girls due to the presence of some social determinants, especially in some countries.13- Recommendations to support the work of women and sports in the Olympic Committee by providing media materials and financial support.14- Considering the year 2000 as an Olympic year for women (2:9).3-1 Research methodology: The researchers used the survey method due to its suitability and the nature of the problem.3-2 Research Sample The research sample was chosen from the (10) heads of girls’ clubs (Basra - Mays - Muthanna - Wasit - Kar Bala - Najaf - Diyala - Al-Ibhar - Tamim - Mosul).3-3 astimarat aliastibyani:eamilat albahithat bitasmim aistimarat tahtawi ealaa (25) faqrat tadamanat jawanib eadidatan wabaed eardiha ealaa alkhubara' walmutakhasisin fi majal altarbiat alriyadiat watama taediluha bihadhaf wa'iidafat wasiaghat baed alfaqarat fa'asbahat alaistimarat tahtawi ealaa (21) faqra3-5 altajribat alrayiysiat :tama tawzie alaistimarat ealaa 'iidariaat 'andiat alfataat fi aleiraq khilal alfatrat min 1 / 3 / 2002 walighayat 15 / 5 / 2002 wabaed al'iijabat ealayha tama jameuha watafrigh al'iijabat fi jadwal kama hu muadih fi albab alraabie aitakhadhat tilk al'andiat ghuraf saghiratan kamaqarin 'iidariin laha dimn mithliaat allajnat al'uwlimbiat altaabieat lilmuhafazat , 'iidafatan 'iilaa dhalik najid 'ana kula nadi fataat albasrat walmawsil w dyalaa aitukhidhat min allaaeib wasahat wakuliyaat altarbiat alriyadiat fi almuhafazat kamaqarin litadrib firaqiha alriyadiat , 'amaa baqiat al'andiat aitukhidhat min sahat almadaris alqaribat minha maqarun litadrib firaqiha .aliastintajat 1- tushir 'iilaa 'ana 'andiat alfataat la tamtalik 'aya masadir tamwil dhatiin wataetamid fi sadi nafaqat safar firaqiha wataghtiat nashatatiha ealaa almithliaat altaabieat laha wahadha ma yushakil ebyaan 'idafyaan ealaa almithliat waeadam aistiqlaliat maliat 'andiat alfataa . fdlaan ean 'ana baed rayiysat 'andiat alfataa . eamiluu ealaa jame tabarueat wadaem min baed dawayir wamuasasat wamunazamat hukumiat wa'ahliat lisadin wataghtiat nashatat alnaadi2- fi jamie 'andiat alfataat mudaribat mukhtasaat fi al'aleab alriyadiat waighlabahuna min hamlat shahadat bakaluryus wamajistir wadukturah fi altarbiat alriyadiat wayamtalakn shahadat tadribiatan muetaraf biha wabialraghm min dhalik la tujad 'ayu mukhasasat 'aw rawatib shahriat lilmudaribat 'aw allaaeibat waeudwat alhayyat al'iidariat ma eada nadi fataat almawsil wanadi fataat dyala 'iidh tataqadaa eudwuh alhayyat al'iidariat wallaaeibat walmudarabat mukhasasat shahriatan qadruha (5000) dinar faqad , 'umaa nadi fataat albasrat faqad aistalam nisf almablagh walimuda (4) 'ashhur faqad min muhafazat albasrat kadaem lilnaadi . 3- tushir 'iilaa 'ana jamie 'andiat alfataat la tamtalik tajhizat riadiatan 'aw qad tamtalik walakin lifaeaaliat wahidat wayatimu tanaquluha min fariq 'iilaa fariq 'ukhar walimudat mawsimayn 'aw 'akthara. 'amaa fi alfatrat al'akhirat tama tawzie tajhizat riadia ('ahdhiat watajhizat sahat wamaydani) min qibal mumathilih allajnat al'uwlimbiat alwataniat aleiraqiat walikafat al'andia .4- watushir alfaqra (10) 'ana jamie 'andiat alfataat la tamtalik sayaaratan linaql allaaeibat min mahali suknahum 'iilaa makan altadrib wabialeaks wahadha ma yuathir slbyaan ealaa aistimrariat altadrib waitminan al'ahl fi khuruj waeawdat banatihim bi'aman .Lamyaa Hasan AldewanUniversity of Basra - College of Education and Sports Sciences[email protected]://orcid.org/[email protected]://orcid.org/0000-0003-1709-6363
ABSRTACT Background: Soft liner material is become important in dental prosthetic treatment. They are applied to the surface of the dentures to achieve more equal force distribution , reduce localized pressure and improve denture retention by engaging undercut . So the aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of different surface treatment by air-abrasion AL2O3 and laser treatment with CO2 laser on improving the shear bond strength of the denture liner to acrylic denture base material . Materials and methods: the 30 specimens of heat cured acrylic denture base material (high Impact acrylic )and heat cured soft liner (Vertex ,Nether Lands )were prepared for this study .They were designed and divided according to type of the s
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The research seeks to study the subject (Media separation: the Relationship of Arab Immigrants with the Media of the Countries of Diaspora/ Sweden as a model). Where this phenomenon, "problem" has not been subjected to an in-depth study to find out the causes of this media separation and its repercussions on the immigrant, whether in the problem of integration, or his opportunity to work, or adapt to live in the new society.
Separation is a kind of word that is rarely used in Arabic media studies, relevant, sometimes, to the meaning of “refraining from watching TV or listening to the radio or reading newspapers”. Sometimes, it means “not tuning to or using any form of media like radios or newspapers to be updated about what
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The study aims at knowing students’ academic assistance at the Department of Kindergarten. It further aims to know the difference of academic assistance among these students with respects to variables like (college of education for women, Baghdad, Thi-Qar). It also aims to know about the difference according to the academic level variable, in addition to its relation to some other variables. To achieve the objectives of the study, a number of university female students were selected from both Baghdad an Thi-Qar Universities in the academic year 2019-2020. The sample of the participants consisted of (400) students from the (second, third, and fourth) levels. To measure the study variable represented by the concept of academic assistance
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In this research study, I tried to trace the epic effect to learn how it was understood and how it was used. Following the descriptive and analytical approach in the research, the first chapter dealt with a presentation of the methodological framework of the problem, the goal, the limits of the research, the importance and the need for it and the definition of terms, as well as the theoretical framework which consisted of two topics, including the impact of the epic theater on the world theater and the second the effect of the epic theater on the Arab theater, This came by tracing the epic impact on the world stage of the Greeks, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, and the Arab theater of the twentieth century.
As for the second
Time is very important in educational institutions. It is also one of our contemporary problem ‚as time is a clear – cut and limited factor‚ it demands that administrators should monitor it by administering and monitoring the principles of time.
Hence‚ the researcher attempts to identify the skills of administrating time and the reasons that cause the waste of time of the Heads of Departments at university of Baghdad.
Significance of the research:
Time is very important to all educational administrators and one of them is the institutions of Higher education. One of the
... Show MoreThe current paper aims to study the different forms by which the theme of labyrinth imposes itself as a preferred narrative structure in the novels of the French writer Patrick Modiano. Theoretically speaking, the current research paper will limit itself to the theoretical framework of the textual poetics which relies on the study of literary texts without paying much attention, neither to the context, nor to the life of its author. The analysis of the strong and varied links that Modiano's novels establish with labyrinth represents a field which has not received adequate attention by the critical studies dedicated to this French writer. As it will be shown throughout the current paper, Modiano views labyrint
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AO Dr. Ali Jihad, Journal of Physical Education, 2021
The study aimed to clarify the meanings learned and inferred from reading books، letters and messages in Surat Al-Qur’an. The inductive method، the analytical method، and the deductive method، One of the most prominent results of the research: that the multiplicity of Qur’anic readings produces a variety and expansion in the meaning that has a clear impact on the interpretation by clarifying the meaning of the verse.
The present study deals with the story of Epidemic in two literary works issued in the same year (1947). One of them is a novel titled "Plague" written by the French writer Alber Kamo, the second is a poem of the Iraqi poetess Nazik Al-Malaekah. The research reflects a contrastive study of the war vision in the two works as both writers used science to serve literature by using Epidemic as a metaphor to refer to the dangers that the societies faced.
The problem of the present research lies in answering the question about the reason that makes the two writers use metaphor while narrating the issues of the society instead of mentioning them directly and illuminate what implications do the narrative style of Epidemic story have and
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