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CLINICAL UTILITY OF URINARY ANTIGEN TEST AND MOLECULAR METHOD FOR DETECTION OF LEGIONELLA PNEUMOPHILA
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Background: Legionella pneumophila (L. pneumophila) is gram-negative bacterium, which causes Legionnaires’ disease as well as Pontiac fever. Objective: To determine the frequency of Legionella pneumophila in pneumonic patients, to determine the clinical utility of diagnosing Legionella pneumonia by urinary antigen testing (LPUAT) in terms of sensitivity and specificity, to compares the results obtained from patients by urinary antigen test with q Real Time PCR (RT PCR) using serum samples and to determine the frequency of serogroup 1 and other serogroups of L. pneumophila. Methods: A total of 100 pneumonic patients (community acquired pneumonia) were enrolled in this study during a period between October 2016 to April 2017; 92 samples were collected from patients attended and admitted to Al-Imamein Al-Kadhimein Medical City and 8 samples from those in the (Center of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation) in the Medical City of Baghdad. All patients were under therapy with antibiotics. Serum and urine specimens were obtained from all patients; urine samples were processed for urinary antigen test (rapid test). Serum samples were collected and submitted to DNA extraction for detection of L. pneumophila mip gene by q RT PCR assay. Results: The percentage of L. pneumophila in two hospitals in Bagdad was 30%. Of these 26% was serogroup 1 detected by urinary antigen testing (UAT). In the other hand, 23% of samples were positive by q RT PCR based mip gene, of these 19 % were serogroup 1 and 4% were another serogroup. The sensitivity of UAT is high (P value < 0.001), which means statistically highly significance than q RT PCR. Conclusion: LPUAT is a rapid tool for early diagnosis of Legionella infection, which highlights the need of using this test in hospitals and health institutions and there is a high prevalence of L. pneumophila in Iraq that refer to the necessity of considering this microorganism point of view in future studies for detection and treatment in pneumonic patients. Keywords: L. pneumophila, mip gene, quantitative real time PCR, urinary antigen. Citation: Gauad SA, Abdulrahman TR, Muhamad AK, Jawad AA, Hassan JS. Clinical utility of urinary antigen test and molecular method for detection of Legionella pneumophila. Iraqi JMS. 2018; 16(2): 207-215. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.16.2.13

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 30 2019
Journal Name
International Journal Of Environmental Research
A Comparative Study for the Identification of Superior Biomass Facilitating Biosorption of Copper and Lead Ions: A Single Alga or a Mixture of Algae
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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2009
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
A Proposed Artificial Intelligence Algorithm for Assessing of Risk Priority for Medical Equipment in Iraqi Hospital
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This paper presents a robust algorithm for the assessment of risk priority for medical equipment based on the calculation of static and dynamic risk factors and Kohnen Self Organization Maps (SOM). Four risk parameters have been calculated for 345 medical devices in two general hospitals in Baghdad. Static risk factor components (equipment function and physical risk) and dynamics risk components (maintenance requirements and risk points) have been calculated. These risk components are used as an input to the unsupervised Kohonen self organization maps. The accuracy of the network was found to be equal to 98% for the proposed system. We conclude that the proposed model gives fast and accurate assessment for risk priority and it works as p

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 15 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Pharmaceutical And Biological Sciences
Fascinating approach for using metabolites products of living microorganisms as reducing agents for preparing silver nanoparticles
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A crucial area of research in nanotechnology is the formation of environmentally benign nanoparticles. Both unicellular and multicellular play an important role in synthesis nanoparticles through the production of inorganic materials either intracellularly or extracellularly. The agents (pigments, siderophores, cell extracted metabolites and reducing compounds) were used to prepare silver nanparticles with different sizes and shapes. The color variations (dark yellow, slightly dark yellow and golden yellow) arising from changes in the composition, size, and shape of nanoparticles, surrounding medium can be monitored using UV-visible spectrophotometer. These effects are due to the phenomena called surface plasmon resonance. The silver nanopa

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
A Visual Interface Design for Evaluating the Quality of Google Map Data for some Engineering Applications
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Today, there are large amounts of geospatial data available on the web such as Google Map (GM), OpenStreetMap (OSM), Flickr service, Wikimapia and others. All of these services called open source geospatial data. Geospatial data from different sources often has variable accuracy due to different data collection methods; therefore data accuracy may not meet the user requirement in varying organization. This paper aims to develop a tool to assess the quality of GM data by comparing it with formal data such as spatial data from Mayoralty of Baghdad (MB). This tool developed by Visual Basic language, and validated on two different study areas in Baghdad / Iraq (Al-Karada and Al- Kadhumiyah). The positional accuracy was asses

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Publication Date
Tue Jul 07 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
Exercises With Different Ranges Of Motion With Significance Of Electrical Activity for Muscle in Strength With Speed Of Lower Limbs For Weight Lifters Of Physical Strength
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Publication Date
Mon Feb 01 2016
Journal Name
Al-academy
Impact organization of configuration for still life in paintings of first grade students for department of Art Education in subject of colors: احمد مطشر لطيف السبتي
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Problem of research as defined, including the following:what is impact organizing of configuration for still life in paintings of students in the Department of Art Education in subject of colors ?Study of well training for organized in painting of still life is necessary for a teacher of art education to contribute effectively to the performance of his letter, so is this research in response to the public goals for a subject of art education. The current research aims to:1. Impact organization of configuration for still life in paintings of students in the Department of Art Education for the first grade in subject of colors2. Role organization of configuration for still life in the painting to serve the educational process in subject of

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Publication Date
Mon Jul 28 2025
Journal Name
Retos
The effect of the beehive strategy on deliberate thinking and learning the setting skill of volleyball among female students at the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Woman
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Objective: Develop a deliberate thinking scale for the setting skill in volleyball for second-year female students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Woman. Research methodology: The researchers used the experimental approach, employing a two-group approach (pre-test and post-test), to suit the nature of the research. The research community comprised (65) second-year female students from the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Woman at the University of Baghdad for the academic year 2024-2025. The research sample was randomly selected, with (15) students in Section A, the experimental group, and (15) students in Section B, the control group. This group represented (46%) of the students. Th

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Publication Date
Mon Jul 28 2025
Journal Name
Retos
The effect of the beehive strategy on deliberate thinking and learning the setting skill of volleyball among female students at the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Woman
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Objective: Develop a deliberate thinking scale for the setting skill in volleyball for second-year female students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Woman. Research methodology: The researchers used the experimental approach, employing a two-group approach (pre-test and post-test), to suit the nature of the research. The research community comprised (65) second-year female students from the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Woman at the University of Baghdad for the academic year 2024-2025. The research sample was randomly selected, with (15) students in Section A, the experimental group, and (15) students in Section B, the control group. This group represented (46%) of the students. Th

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Publication Date
Tue Jul 07 2026
Journal Name
Journal Mustansiriyah Of Sports Science
Relationship between Cognitive style (risk taking VS Cautiousness) and performance of some ring skills for third stage female students in College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences / University of Baghdad
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Publication Date
Tue Jun 15 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Effects of Exclusive Breast Feeding for First Six Months of life on Children Weight, Height and Head Circumference in Sulaimani City, Kurdistan-Iraq and Compare with Other Types of Feeding
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Breastfeeding (BF) serves as a complete nutritional source for the first six months of infant’s life. Breast milk contains all essential nutrients that necessary for the physiological growth and development of infants. The aim of this study was to compare the physiological growth of infants including weight, height and head circumference who were exclusively breastfed for 6 months and those who were given bottle-fed or mixed fed and to find a percentage of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers who contributed in this study in Sulaimani city. This study was carried out in Sulaimani city/ Kurdistan region of Iraq and the cases were enrolled between the first of October 2018 and first of October 2019. The infants’ weight, height and hea

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