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Preparation and in-vitro evaluation of Carbopol hydrogel of clobetasol-loaded ethylcellulose microsponges
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: Clobetasol propionate (CP) is a potent corticosteroid used for skin conditions but often causes side effects due its systemic absorption. To improve its solubility and reduce it side effects (like skin irritation, skin atrophy, hypopigmentation and steroidal acne), Microsponge (Msg) has been employed as a unique three-dimensional particle that can encapsulate hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. This study aims to develop and evaluate CP Msg-loaded hydrogels. Two Clobetasol-loaded ethylcellulose-based Msg formulas were prepared using the quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method, then they were incorporated into Carbopol hydrogel. Two ratios of Carbopol 940 (1% and 1.5% w/w) were used. The prepared hydrogel were assessed for appearance, pH, drug content, spreadability, extrudability, rheology, and in vitro release. The optimum hydrogel was compared to generic CP cream available locally and plain hydrogel. The results showed that both Msg formulas had good product yield, entrapment efficiency and highly porous micron size. The four prepared hydrogels revealed acceptable characterization including; pH ranged between 5.6and 6, drug content (98.8- 100%) and % extrudability (80.7-92%) with pseudoplastic flow type. The hydrogel formula (F2Ha 1%) containing (1:1 weight ratio of CP: ethylcellulose) with (1%w\w Carbopol) was chosen as the optimized formula since it showed the highest spreadablility and approximately 43% of CP was released at 8 hours. The ex-vivo data including; the highest deposition in stratum corneum and epidermal/ dermis with the flux, permeability coefficient and lag time of F2Ha were low, compared to plain hydrogel and marketed cream. Based on the study՚s finding, we concluded that CP Msg-loaded Carbopol hydrogel is a proper drug delivery system for topical application with minimized systemic absorption

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 12 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Evaluation of Youth's Health Risk Behaviors in Baghdad City
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Objective(s): To evaluate youth's health risk behaviors in Baghdad City and to determine the relationship between such behaviors and the youth's demographic characteristics of age, gender and grade. Methodology: A descriptive study, using the evaluation approach, is carried out to evaluate youth's health risk behaviors in Baghdad City for the period of January 26th 2016 to May 20th 2016. A non-probability "purposive" sample of (160) University students is selected for the purpose of the study from four groups of colleges (medical, engineering, sciences, and education) and it is equally distributed of

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 20 2023
Journal Name
Maaen Journal For Medical Sciences
Evaluation of heated cure acrylic immersed in ozonated water
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Background: Denture cleansing is an important step that can prevent the spread of infection and improve a patient's health, the durability of the dentures, and the overall quality of life; therefore, it is necessary to choose a suitable cleanser that, in addition to being effective, does not have an unfavorable effect on the qualities of the denture base resin itself when used for an extended period. Aim: This research aims to assess the effects of ozonated water on the surface roughness and hardness of heat-cured acrylic resin by immersion technique. Materials: Sixty bars shapemade of heat-cured acrylicweremanufactured.Thirty samples for every test, including: (surface hardness and surface roughness). Then, these samples were divided into

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 11 2019
Journal Name
Journal Port Science Research
Evaluation Activity of Alanine Aminopeptidase (AAP) in Patients with Renal Dialysis, Purification and Isolation of Isoenzymes
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Publication Date
Thu May 05 2022
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Evaluation of podophyllin and Trichloroacetic acid for the treatment of genital warts in Iraqi female patients
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Background: human paillomavirus infections (genital warts) are the most frequent sexually transmitted viral infections. a wide range of treatment options is available with different efficacy.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of podophyllin, trichloracetic acid (TCA) in the treatment of genital warts and side effects of them.

Subjects and methods: a total of sixty patients with genital warts were randomly selected, 30 in each group, in the Department of Dermatology, medical city for a Duration of 11 months from January 2009 to December 2009 treated with 35 % podophyllin in the tincture of benzoin or 50%  TCA) .Forty-eight patients were followed up for three months.

Results: wart

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2023
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
Evaluation of Sticky Traps and Baits in Control of Melon Fly, Dacus frontalis Becker on Melon
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Abstract<p>The <italic>Dacus frontalis</italic> Becker is known species, being an agricultural pest. It has been attacked <italic>Cucumis melo</italic> L. Sticky traps and baits have been used as one of effective integrated control methods to monitor different types of insects. It is way to know population density of insects. For sticky traps, the average number of adults of insects caught in yellow, Transparent, blue and red traps was 15.72, 9.50, 4.67, 3.17 adults\ trap\ six weeks respectively. However, for baits, results have been recorded that average numbers of adults caught in traps were 13.67, 10.00, 9.17, 7.75, 50.6, 2.50 adult/trap. The results have been recorded tha</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Mon Mar 13 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
The Value of Ultrasonography in The Diagnosis and Evaluation of Early Therapeutic Response of Cervical Tuberculous Lymphadenitis
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ABSTRACT Background: Tuberculosis is a worldwide infectious disease in spite of advancement in health care system. Tuberculous lymphadenitis is the most prevalent form of extra pulmonary tuberculosis with predilection of cervical lymph nodes. Objectives: To evaluate the reliability of grey scale ultrasonography together with color Doppler in the diagnosis of cervical tuberculous lymph adenitis and evaluation of early therapeutic response. Subjects and methods:From July 2015 to May 2016 in Al-Karama teaching hospital /Kut city- Wasit-Iraq, 25 patients (14 males and 11 females) with ages range from (6-50) years. Ultrasonography examination was done for all patients and grey scale criteria (distribution, size, shape, echogenicity, echogenic hi

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Publication Date
Mon May 01 2017
Journal Name
Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular And Biomolecular Spectroscopy
Extraction, preparation and application of pigments from Cordyline fruticosa and Hylocereus polyrhizus as sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells
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Publication Date
Sun Feb 28 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Evaluation of Educational Performance according to Centralization and Decentralization
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The research aims to identify the effect of applying administrative decentralization to an educational performance by assessing educational performance before and after the process of transferring powers from the federal government (the Iraqi Ministry of Education) to local governments (governorates) as well as identifying the appropriate central or decentralized administrative system to advance the educational reality and performance. To achieve the goal of the research, educational data was collected and analyzed, as well as the measurement of educational performance indicators and analysis during two phases, the first represents the stage of applying the central system and spanned between the academic year (2011-2012) and the

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Publication Date
Mon Nov 05 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Evaluation and Comparison of Complete Dentures’ Complaints: Post-insertion
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Aims: This study aims to compare patients’ complaints and problems of wearing complete dentures.
Methodology: The sample included 40 Iraqi patients who are wearing complete dentures from about five years ago. They
were selected randomly with a age range between (55–65) years. The questions asked to the patients were listed according
to the recent classification of post-insertion problems.
Result: The results showed that the percentage of patient's complaint from adaptation problems (62.1%) was higher than
looseness problems (61.3%) and discomfort problems (39.3%) as followed.
Recommendation: Dentists need thorough knowledge of anatomy, physiology, pathology and psychology. The assessing
of the psyche and emotions

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Evaluation and Development of the (Hilla – Daghara) Rivers System
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Shatt Al-Hilla branches from the left of Euphrates River, U/S Hindiyah Barrage, Iraq, and extends about 100 km. It branches at the end into Shatt Al-Diwaniya 112 km and Shatt Al-Daghara 64 km. The study aims to evaluate and develop (Hilla-Daghara) rivers system, which is included Shatt Al-Hilla and Shatt Al-Daghara. Fieldwork began from (26 October until December) 2020. M9, S5 devices, and the installed staff gauges were used to measure discharges and water levels, respectively. A one-dimensional model was developed for the study area by HEC-RAS, after calibration and verification by field measurements; the Manning's n of Shatt Al-Daghara is found to be 0.022. Five Scenarios were simulated to study the reach under the cu

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