Motives: The research deals with the issue of urban sprawl on agricultural lands. It is an urban problem caused by rapid urbanization and poor planning. It is considered one problem that threatens cities with environmental and health disasters. It also threatens agricultural life and the green belt surrounding cities. Changes in urban sprawl on agricultural land are associated with complex processes that lead to multiple social, economic, political, and environmental risks and thus pose a threat and an obstacle to the sustainability of cities. Aim: The research aims to study and evaluate the reality of the city of Baghdad and the extent of its ability and flexibility to withstand the disaster of urban sprawl on agricultural lands. The research also the aim of this research to identify the gaps and the reasons that led to this disaster and reach solutions that may reduce this phenomenon that burdens the economy and the Iraqi people who suffer from difficult economic conditions. In addition to raising awareness about the effects of urban sprawl on agricultural lands and the environment, clarifying the role of participation and the limits of responsibility that can be entrusted to government and academic agencies at all levels, individually or collectively, to participate and find solutions to the risk of extensive urban sprawl. Results: In assessing the reality of the study area, the research relied on the city resilience scorecard, which the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) and with the support of United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and the European Commission. Field surveys and the opinions of specialists were relied upon to study the reality of the city of Baghdad to determine the extent to which it was affected by the disaster of encroachment on agricultural lands. There are gaps between planning and contemporary challenges among the most important research findings. Planning is increasingly decoupled from the contemporary urban challenges associated with rapid urbanization. The results of the practical study showed that the division of land uses in the city of Baghdad is not deep and incomplete. Also, it is not regularly reviewed according to the map of the expected risks, including the state of urban sprawl on agricultural lands in the city. Consequently, the city’s inability to withstand the disaster resulting from urban sprawl and the problems that result from it in the environmental, health, or social aspects. Based on the results, the research reached a set of recommendations, including the need for continuous updating to detect urban sprawl on agricultural lands. This is done using the latest remote sensing data and taking quick precautions against these expansions, in addition to the importance of updating building controls and standards regularly (or periodically) to take the changing data and evidence about risks to enhance the city of Baghdad’s ability to withstand the disaster of the decline of agricultural lands.
This paper shows the characteristics of temperature and adsorbed (water vapor) mass rate distribution in the adsorber unit which is the key part to any adsorption refrigeration system. The temperature profiles of adsorption/desorption phases (Dynamic Sorption) are measured experimentally under the operating conditions of 90oC hot water temperature, 30oC cooling water temperature, 35oC adsorption temperature and cycle time of 40 min. Based on the temperature profiles, The mass transfer equations for the annulus adsorbent bed are solved to obtain the distribution of adsorption velocity and adsorbate concentration using non-equilibrium
model. The relation between the adsorption velocity with time is investigated during the process of ads
This research aims to reveal the quality standards available in press images published in the news sites, the Iraqi News Agency and Al-Mada Press for the period from: 1/9/2019, to: 30/9/2019. The research is a descriptive research, in which the researcher relied on the survey methodology to achieve its objectives. The research reached a number of results, most notably the weak role of photojournalists in the websites and the adoption of those the Internet as a source for obtaining press images published with news and reports through its pages, as well as the neglect of the standard Description/Comment below the press images, which plays an important function in explaining and interpreting them for users.
The research aims to clarify the role of the main variable represented by the four dimensions of entrepreneurial behavior (creative, risk-taking, seizing opportunities, proactivity), in Reducing the dependent variable of organizational anomie with the dimensions (Organizational Normlessness, Organizational Cynicism, Organizational Valuelessness).
The experimental, analytical method was adopted in the completion of the research, and an intentional sample of (162) individuals in the administrative levels (higher and middle) in the factory was taken. The questionnaire was also adopted as the main tool, which
... Show MoreThe spatial variation of regional development means that some regions to be a center of activities and services and job opportunities and economic development, and are usually in major urban centers, while lacking in other regions to such activities and services. Perhaps the studies of spatial variation SPATIAL INEQUALITY, regional development, REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT has had the greatest impact on the operations of regional planning in particular the study of the regional dimension of any city requires that you review the basis and theoretical framework, which refers to the inevitability of the existence of disparities across regions, due to the properties of the regions population and economic political and environmental The study
... Show MoreWelcome to International Journal of Research in Social Sciences & Humanities (IJRSSH). It is an international refereed journal of Social Sciences, Humanities & Linguistics in English published quarterly, both print and online.
The study begins with the idea that advertising is a form of culture. Therefore, it is not possible to be surrounded by an actual briefing from one-sided premises such as those that are based solely on the artistic, aesthetic or technical aspects, without linking it to the culture in which it is produced. The researcher attempts to shed light on the relation between the advertising letter and the concept of gender. And here lies the importance of the research as the content of the ads and their form and implicit values in the text and image reflect the cultural values that must be identified as well as the most important roles that are stereotyped in advertisements and their relationship to the culture of society. Advertising is an importan
... Show MoreA simple, rapid and sensitive spectrophotometirc method for the determination of trace amounts of promethazine hydrochloride in the aqueous solution is described. The method is based on the complexation of promethazine hydrochloride with In (III) in the presence of sodium hydroxide to form an soluble product with maximum absorption at 304nm. Beer’s law is obeyed over the concentration range of (2- 20μg/ml) with molar absorptivity of (1.92× 103 L.mol-1 .cm -1 ). The optimum conditions for all development are described and the proposed method has been successfully applied for the determination of promethazine hydrochloride in bulk drug.
Bleeding disorders in pediatrics is an important issue and can be lifethreatening if not diagnosed and treated appropriately. We aimed to evaluate Iraqi pediatric practice (as an example of resource-limited settings) about the use of Recombinant Activated Factor VII (RFVIIa) in bleeding disorders, with emphasis on its effectiveness and safety, in comparison with adjuvant therapy. Budget restrictions may affect the availability of even lifesaving drugs such as (RFVIIa). Therefore, we tried to investigate the local experience of pediatric bleeding, with the evaluation of the potential ability of adjuvant therapy of blood products and vitamin K to substitute RFVIIa in case of non-availability. During a complete one year‘s period, 35 patients
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