Translation is a vital process that needs much more understanding and mutual background knowledge on the part of ESL or EFL learners in terms of grammar , meaning and context of both the SL and TL . Thus , the main aim of the current research paper is to identify and figure out the techniques used by ESL or EFL learners when translating English barnyard verbs into Arabic . The main problem of this study is attributed to the fact that ESL or EFL learners may not be able to identify and understand the connotative meaning of barnyard verbs since these verbs are onomatopoeic (i.e,) a word that phonetically imitates, or suggests the source of sound that it describes. Therefore they may be unable to translate these verbs appropriately and accurately. For example, the verb "coo" has a denotative sense in that it refers to the natural sound of dove or pigeon , but when children "coo" , that means they speak gently which is a connotative meaning . Accordingly, the ESL or EFL learners may not know the connotative meaning of such verbs because these verbs have different associations and suggestions. Then, ESL or EFL learners may use different techniques in translating these verbs. The most important conclusions that this paper has come to can be summarized as : firstly , denotative meaning of barnyard verbs has something to do with the use of words whose meaning suggests the onomatopoeic sense , whereas connotative meaning , has something to do with the meaning that is implied by a word apart from the thing which it describes explicitly ; secondly, denotatively speaking , barnyard verbs are phonetically described, whereas connotatively speaking , they are semantically described . Consequently , it is somehow easy to figure out denotative meaning of barnyard verbs , but it is hard to identify and understand connotative meaning of these verbs due to the fact that they have different meanings with different contexts ; thirdly , translating English barnyard verbs may cause a difficulty since that what might be expressed onomatopoeically in one language may not have a counterpart that reflects similar sound effects in another. Therefore , ESL or EFL learners as well as the translators may resort to some techniques like equivalence , paraphrasing and modulation to convey the propositional content (or the connotative meaning) of these verbs .
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Placenta previa refers to placenta which is totally or partly implanted in lower segment of the uterus. Mortality and morbidity of mother increase with placenta previa due to the increase in the incidence of bleeding during pregnancy. This study aims to define placenta previa prevalence among pregnant women at AL-Fallujah teaching hospital and to determine the risk factors and their association with placenta previa incidence in al-Fallujah city population. This retrospective cohort study investigated medical registry of 6339 gravid women in al-Fallujah teaching Hospital in Iraq. We find 13 cases of placenta previa (0.21%) amongst the 6339 cases registered. The risk factors that strongly appeared to affect the complication of pregnancy with
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The skull is one of the largest bones in the body. It is classified into flat bones that maintain the important organic structures; which are the brain, eyes, and tongue. The skull is a strong support for preserving these organs but they are various according to the type of animals and the environments in which they live and the nature of their nutrition. There are many differences among living organisms in terms of the bones in the skull, their difference or disappearance and their length in the shape of the head. The samples were taken from the scientific storage in the Iraq Natural History Research Center and Museum; Cape hare Lepus capensis (Linnaeus, 1758) and Red fox Vulpes vulpes (Linnaeus, 1758) and the study was conducted o
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This paper aims at discovering the real implication of deduction in the Arabic culture
with concentration on its applications in Arabic grammar, logic, and fundamentals of Islamic
legislations. Some light has been shed on deduction in the Arabic culture but most of recent
works did not analyze deduction according to the pragmatic analysis. This paper will answer
the following questions:
to what extent deduction in Arabic grammar could comprehend with deduction l logic and
fundamentals of thinking in Islamic thought?
how can we find the deduction thinking in the Qur’anic surah if Ghafir?
Can we find parts of deduction in the surah?
The methodology in this paper is descriptive analytical. This metho
problems with its unobvious effect on scientific creativity and information. Problem solving is one of main goals of researchers because it develops their right logical thinking methods. The present study aims at measuring logical thinking among female it structures in the university mea swing problem solving among them ,identifying statically differences significance in logical thinking among female instructors in the university according to (Specialization Variable), identifying differences significance in problem Solving among female instructions in the university according to ( Specialization Variable) and identifying the Correlation between logical thinking and problem solving among female instructors in the university. The sample c
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New vision of Mr. Abdul Mahdi Al-Muttafiqi in the light of unpublished documents
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