Objectives This work presents laser coating of grade 1 pure titanium (Ti) dental implant surface with sintered biological apatite beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), which has a chemical composition close to bone. Materials and methods Pulsed Nd:YAG laser of single pulse capability up to 70 J/10 ms and pulse peak power of 8 kW was used to implement the task. Laser pulse peak power, pulse duration, repetition rate and scanning speed were modulated to achieve the most homogenous, cohesive and highly adherent coat layer. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray microscopy (EDX), optical microscopy and nanoindentation analyses were conducted to characterise and evaluate the microstructure, phases, modulus of elasticity of the coating layer and calcium-to-phosphate ratio and composition. Results showed that the laser power and scanning speed influenced coating adherence. The cross-sectional field-emission scanning electron microscopy images at low power and high speed showed poor adherence and improved as the laser power increased to 2 kW. Decreasing the scanning speed to 0.2 mm/s at the same power of 2 kW increased adherence. EDX results of the substrate demonstrated that the chemical composition of the coat layer did not change after processing. Moreover, the maps revealed proper distribution of Ca and P with some agglomeration on the surface. The sharp peaks on the X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that β-TCPs in the coat layer were mostly crystalline. The elastic modulus was low at the surface and increased gradually with depth to reach 19 GPa at 200 nm; this value was close to that of bone. The microhardness of the coated substrate increased by about 88%. The laser pulse energy of 8.3 J, pulse peak power of 2 kW, pulse duration of 4.3 min, repetition rate of 10 Hz and scanning speed of 0.2 ms−1 yielded the best results. Conclusion: Both processing and coating have potential use for dental implant applications.
The present paper focuses on examining the style of both the civilized dialogue of Prophet Hud (PBUH) in the Glorious Qur'an, and the debated dialogue of Aad’s people. The study consists of an introduction which shows the importance of the civilized dialogue and its significant impact on containing, accepting, and persuading the other in peaceful ways without intolerance and violence. Then, the conditions and techniques of the civilized dialogue and its types have been mentioned. This is followed by the practical side of the study, which involves examining stylistically the techniques used in Hud’s (PBUH) civilized dialogue to be invested later in people’s future conversations. It is also concerned with investigating stylistically
... Show MoreThis research analyses the tweets of Iraqi politicians (leaders) that took place simultaneously with the formation of the Iraqi government after the elections in 2018. The formation of the Iraqi government was considered one of the most critical issues that emerged in the political process to which the Iraqi media as well as social networking sites paid considerable attention. In this regard, Iraqi political leaders have published many tweets concerning the formation of the government, some of them have caused great controversy in the political climate. As Twitter is one of the most digital platforms that have been widely used on the global scale in recent years, politicians have employed it to publish their opinions, ideas, and to excha
... Show MoreThe research aims to monitor the methods of Counter psychological warfare in the Iraqi press during the operations to liberate Mosul from the control of the terrorist organization ISIS.The research used the survey method, and “Tareek Al Shaab” Newspaper as a research sample, chosen according to the systematic random sample.
The research reached the following results:
1- The Communicator’s relied on the contents of the counter-psychological warfare and its methods in the battle of “Qadimun Ya Naynawa” used in the newspaper. The methods used were labels assigning such as : inevitable victory, prodding and morale, consensus, breaking of opposition morale, stereotyping, demonization of the opponent
Abstract
The current research is attempt to test the reflection of the lean management on the human resources management practices of two of the most important communication companies operating in Iraq (`Zain & Asia cell), The research aims to Determine the extent of adoption of the lean management approach in the two researched companies, as it improving human resource management practices. The research problem represented in the existence of lack of in some aspects of the application the lean management approach in service sector and neglecting the impact of its tools on the human resource management practices. For this purpose three principle research hypotheses has been formulated, first there is a correlation rel
... Show MoreDue to the large size of dealing in the transactions installment sales in durable products, especially real estate given the privacy to enjoy their property, among other products because of the large amount and the length of the repayment period leading to a risk of non-payment by the buyer because of the possibility to change the credit level to him, especially that most of this type of transaction customers are from limited income owners, So it has been proposed the use of other transactions in handling real estate instead of installment sales transactions, a rental sale transactions because of the protection provided by this transaction for a vendor that will be mentioned later.
So proposes to st
... Show MoreThis research is based on monitoring the local and environmental technologies in the design of the temporary hotel units (nomadic tents) in the desert in the south of Jordan in order to air condition them in summer and winter, maintaining the Jordanian identity, that they are presented with the form and technologies of the age in order to get to the universality.
The research adopted the descriptive analytical method and the researcher conducted the analysis of SWOT specified for the analysis of the positive and negative aspects in the design of the temporary hotel units and comparing them with the case studies available in the chosen research area "the Jordanian golden triangle", through the elements of the case under study. The res
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) causes up to 40% mortality in humans and is difficult to treat. ARDS is also one of the major triggers of mortality associated with coronavirus-induced disease (COVID-19). We used a mouse model of ARDS induced by Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), which triggers 100% mortality, to investigate the mechanisms through which Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) attenuates ARDS. SEB was used to trigger ARDS in C3H mice. These mice were treated with THC and analyzed for survival, ARDS, cytokine storm, and metabolome. Additionally, cells isolated from the lungs were used to perform single-cell RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis. A database analysis of human COVID-19 patients was also performed t
... Show MoreThe banking sector is currently facing great challenges resulting from intense competition in the financial environment, and this is what makes the supreme audit bodies and the Central Bank audit as the highest supervisory authority on banks in order to achieve profit and not be exposed to loss, and this requires identifying the banking strengths and risks that constitute points Weakness that affects the future performance and the life of the bank, which requires special supervisory care, and from this point of view, the research aims to use the CAMELS model as a control tool in banks, through the use of its six indicators: capital adequacy, asset quality, management quality, profits, liquidity And sensitivity to market risks, th
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