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CONCENTRATIONS OF SILYMARIN ON THE RUMEN ACTIVITIES IN LAMBS
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Silymarin is derived from the milk thistle plant, and possesses numerous pharmacological actions, including hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. The aim of the study was to the determination of influence different concentrations of Silymarin on the rumen performance in 30 local lambs (divided into three groups of 10 lambs each). In the first and second groups, 420 and 210 mg kg-1 of silymarin were administered for 8 weeks, and the third group was the control, which received normal saline solution. The parameters evaluated included the level of volatile fatty acids (VFAs), ammonia and pH in the rumen. Furthermore, the in vitro digestibility of ash, protein, fat and dry matter was investigated. These parameters were examined fortnightly, for eight weeks. The results showed that the level of volatile fatty acids and pH increased in the rumen in G1 and G2 compared to the control group, while the level of ammonia decreased in the rumen in G1 and G2 when compared to G3 (p<0.05). Silymarin increased the in vitro digestibility of crude ash (CA), crude protein (CP), crude fat (CF) and crude dry matter (CDM) in the rumen of lambs. These results indicate that silymarin can improve the digestibility of nutrient elements in the lamb rumen. Keywords: ammonia; digestibility; crude ash; crude protein; crude fat.   Concentrações de silimarina nas atividades ruminais de cordeiros   RESUMO: A silimarina é derivada da planta do cardo mariano e possui inúmeras ações farmacológicas, incluindo propriedades hepatoprotetoras, anti-inflamatórias, antioxidantes e anticancerígenas. O objetivo do estudo foi determinar a influência de diferentes concentrações de silimarina no desempenho ruminal de 30 cordeiros locais, divididos em três grupos (de 10 cordeiros cada). No primeiro e segundo grupo foi administrado 420 e 210 mg kg-1 de silimarina durante 8 semanas, e, o terceiro grupo foi o controle, que recebeu solução salina normal. Os parâmetros avaliados incluíram o nível de ácidos graxos voláteis (AGVs), amônia e pH no rúmen. Além disso, investigou-se a digestibilidade in vitro de cinzas, proteínas, gorduras e matéria seca. Esses parâmetros foram examinados quinzenalmente, durante oito semanas. Os resultados mostraram que o nível de ácidos graxos voláteis e pH aumentaram no rúmen em G1 e G2, em comparação com o grupo controle, enquanto, o nível de amônia diminuiu no rúmen em G1 e G2 quando comparado com G3 (p<0,05). A silimarina aumentou a digestibilidade in vitro da cinza bruta (CA), proteína bruta (PB), gordura bruta (CF) e matéria seca bruta (CDM) no rúmen dos cordeiros. Esses resultados indicam que silimarina pode melhorar a digestibilidade dos elementos nutrientes no rúmen do cordeiro. Palavras-chave: amônia; digestibilidade; cinza bruta; proteína bruta; gordura bruta.

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 07 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Effect of Renzulli Model on Achievement and Holistic Thinking among Fifth Grade Students in the Holy Quran and Islamic Education
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The present study aims at identifying the effect of Renzulli model on achievement and holistic thinking among the fifth grade students in the Holy Quran and Islamic Education. The experimental method with partial control was used, and the sample was chosen randomly. The sample consisted of (62) students distributed into experimental and control groups. 164 behavioral goals were formulated based on Bloom's first three levels taxonomy (knowledge and comprehension, application, analysis and installation, and evaluation). The researchers designed a post-test to measure the achievement of students in the subject of Holy Quran and Islamic Education which consisted of (40) objective items and a measure of holistic thinking which consisted of (3

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 20 2021
Journal Name
لارك
The Theme of the Family in Russian Literature during the "Thaw" on the Material the story of M. Sholokhov "The Fate of a Man"and the story of V. Panova "Seryozha" and F. Abramov "Fatherless".
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The article approaches the characteristics of Russian literature in the time of Khrushchev or the "thaw" period a very short period of Soviet history, characterized by the easing of the dictatorship of power and relaxation in various areas of people's lives. The interest in the research is focused on the importance of interpreting the family portrait in a short but distinct period in the development of Russian/Soviet literature. The research material is the story of Sholokhov's “The Fate of Man” 1956, the story of Panova “Serioga” 1955, and Abramov’s story “Fatherless” 1961. В статье рассматриваются особенности художественной литературы периода хруще

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 31 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF VORTEX GENERATOR ON THE FLAT-PLATE BOUNDARY LAYER: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF VORTEX GENERATOR ON THE FLAT-PLATE BOUNDARY LAYER
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This paper is dealing with an experimental study to show the influence of the geometric characteristics of the vortex generators VG son the thickness of the boundary layer (∂) and drag coefficients (CD) of the flat plate. Vortex generators work effectively on medium and high angles of attack, since they are "hidden" under the boundary layer and practically ineffective at low angles.

            The height of VGs relative to the thickness of the boundary layer enables us to study the efficacy of VGs in delaying boundary layer separation. The distance between two VGs also has an effect on the boundary layer if we take into

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 24 2015
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
The Impact of External Environment Factors on the Quality of Educational Services (An Empirical Study): The Impact of External Environment Factors on the Quality of Educational Services (An Empirical Study)
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This research aims to identify the role of external environment factors on the quality of educational services, from the academic point of view, where the distribution of a questionnaire to a random sample of (100) university professors, and then analyzing a model, and test the validity of this model using structural modeling (SEM) (Structural Equation Modeling).
And then test the relationships between variables using the software of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS V.18), the research found a number of conclusions, the most important conclusion is: the external environment factors has significant impact on the quality of educational services.

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2016
Journal Name
Procedia Economics And Finance
The Mediating Role of Knowledge Sharing on Relationship between IT Capability and IT Support as Predictors of Innovation Performance: An Empirical Study on Mobile Companies in Iraq
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Publication Date
Fri May 23 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Parametric Study Of Laminar Free Convection In Horizontal Annulus With And Without Fins On The Inner Cylinder
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Publication Date
Mon Mar 20 2017
Journal Name
International Journal Of Social Sciences
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING YOUTUBE VIDEO ON EFL IRAQI COLLEGE STUDENTS' PERFORMANCE IN GRAMMAR AT MISSAN UNIVERSITY
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FR Almoswai, BN Rashid, PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences, 2017 - Cited by 22

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2022
Journal Name
The Egyptian Journal Of Hospital Medicine
The Impact of rs767455 and rs1061622 Polymorphisms ‎on ‎Treatment Outcomes in Iraqi Ankylosing Spondylitis ‎Patients Taking ‎Etanercept
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Background: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is inflammation of the sacroiliac joints and spine, associated with clinical symptoms such as pain and stiffness in the vertebral column, after which, in a considerable number of individuals, new bone growth occurs. Objective: The current research study attempted to find out whether the presence of SNPs in TNF receptor [TNFRSF1A (rs767455), TNFRSF1B (rs1061622)] encoding genes could influence patients' outcomes to etanercept in a specimen of Iraqi AS patients. Patients and methods: Sixty patients with established AS receiving only etanercept were selected to be enrolled in this research with a mean age of 40.75 ± 8.67 years, 51 patients of them were males and only 9 patients were females. Patients we

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2008
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Observations on the age and growth of Varicorhinus damascinus (Val.) in Tigris river at Salahuldin province – Iraq
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Age and growth of Varicorhinus damascinus (Val.) in Tigris river at Salahuldin province have been investigated. Monthly samples were taken during the period from September 1999 to August 2000, using small-meshed gill nets. The age data showed that there were six age groups and the dominant age groups were (III – IV) for both sexes. The results of the present study revealed that the increment in length of V. damascinus at the sites of study showed a tendency to decrease with the increase in age, after the third year of life in both sexes. The length-weight relationship of males and females were calculated and demonstrated in a straight line logarithmic formula, as follows: Log W = 1.5404 + 2.6885 log L for males r = 0.95 (P > 0.05) Log

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 30 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
The Active Compounds in Equisetum arvense L. and their Inhibitory Effects on Growth of Some Pathogenic Bacteria
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This research has been performed on the vegetative parts of the

Horsetail Equisetum arvense L.  v.ilich  grows    naturally  in  Haj Umran , north    of   Iraq , to determine and estimate some   active chemical    compounds ,  besides   studyi ng  their inhi bitory  effe(;tS upon    some  urinary  tracts infections (UTI) bacteria    through  the

investigation on the  inhibitory effects of water and ethanolic extracts of this plant .

The results revealed presr.:nr.:t: of some active chemical compounds   such as: tannins, saponins, resins,

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