Background There is an increasing need for pharmacists to incorporate more patient care targeting. Consequently, the productivity of pharmacy programs can be enhanced by evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of pharmacy curriculum. Objectives To assess the beliefs, perceptions, and challenges of the College of Pharmacy –The University of Baghdad PharmD graduates regarding the PharmD program. Method Qualitative research methodology was implemented. Graduate PharmD candidates were interviewed either inperson or via telephone. The interviews were conducted in a semi-structured format, utilizing a predetermined interview guide that included open-ended questions. Thematic analysis was implemented to analyze the data. Results A total of 21 in-depth interviews were conducted. The participants commonly expressed that the program significantly enhances their clinical proficiency, particularly in hospital settings. Valuable clinical skills were acquired through college scientific activities during courses. The participants advocated for the implementation of more scientific activities to enhance the quality of education and endorsed the use of OSCE exam methodologies for all final exams. Their clinical abilities were enhanced by the hospital training course they completed during their senior year. Their clinical knowledge is enhanced through daily interaction with clinical pharmacists. The primary method of enhancing hospital training is through the development of trainer skills. The primary obstacles include the difficulty of the test, the distribution of subjects irregularly, and the intensive summer lectures. Conclusion The PharmD program effectively prepared the graduate pharmacist for future employment in community pharmacies or hospitals by enhancing their clinical practice abilities. Nevertheless, there is a necessity to enhance the course by reducing the number of non-clinical subjects, enhancing the trainer’s training capabilities, and increasing the variety of scientific activities.
Abstract. In this work, Bi2O3 was deposited as a thin film of different thickness (400, 500, and 600 ±20 nm) by using thermal oxidation at 573 K with ambient oxygen of evaporated bismuth (Bi) thin films in a vacuum on glass substrate and on Si wafer to produce n-Bi2O3/p-Si heterojunction. The effect of thickness on the structural, electrical, surface and optical properties of Bi2O3 thin films was studied. XRD analysis reveals that all the as deposited Bi2O3 films show polycrystalline tetragonal structure, with preferential orientation in the (201) direction, without any change in structure due to increase of film thickness. AFM and SEM images are used to investigate the influences of film thickness on surface properties. The optical measur
... Show MoreIn the present study, synthesis of bis Schiff base [I, II] by reaction of one mole of terephthalaldehyde with two mole of 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole or 4-amino benzene thiol in the ethanol absolute, then compounds [I,II] were reacted with Na2CO3 of distilled H2O, then chloroacetic acid was added to yield compounds [III,IV]. O-chitosan derivatives [V,VI] were synthesized by reaction of chitosan with compounds [III,IV] in acidic media in distilled water according to the steps of Fischer. O–chitosan (grafted chitosan) [V,VI] was blended with synthetic polymer polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to produce polymers [VII,VIII], then these polymers were blended with nano: Gold or Silver by u
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The present study was carried out to assay the bioaccumulation of ammonia ,nitrite ,nitrate in fresh water and the concentration of heavy metals (Lead, Cupper, Cadmium, Manganes and Zinc) in water and tissues of Tilapia niloticus selected from El-marryotia canal (one of the river Nile ramification in Al-Giza city) in Egypt, samples were collected during the period of July to October 2011 to determine water safety for human consumption and the hazardous effect of these metals on the histopathology of selected tissues and organs of fish. Two samples were collected from two locations of canal, pH of water samples were measured and the concentration of ammonia, nitrate
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The research discusses the most important goals and means of IGAD in making peace in Sudan and then regional peace.
This work presents a computer studying to simulate the charging process of a dust grain immersed in plasma with negative ions. The study based on the discrete charging model. The model was developed to take into account the effect of negative ions on charging process of dust grain.
The model was translated to a numerical calculation by using computer programs. The program of model has been written with FORTRAN programming language to calculate the charging process for a dust particle in plasma with negative ion, the time distribution of a dust charge, number charge equilibrium and charging time for different value of ηe (ratio of number density of electron to number density of positive ion).
The development of the television industry has led to the emergence of a new type of entertainment program in which producers have abandoned stereotypes in traditional programs, known as (Reality TV show). This type of program has spread rapidly in America, (where there are more than 40 series of these programs), as well as Europe and more than twenty countries around the world, including the Arab countries, where the number of these programs today to about 1000 programs and the number is increasing , Especially with the readiness of the production networks to produce more of these programs for the huge profits they derive from them (because of the high viewing rates and the large number of ads broadcast through them) in return for low prod
... Show MoreSustainable human development means meeting the basic needs of society and striving for continuous improvement in quality, as it seeks to increase economic well-being while providing adequate housing and nutrition, as well as providing electricity, water, health and education services . Ten centuries ago, Islam highlighted the importance of the development effort and the necessity of its sustainability before the West took it in the 1970s. There are a number of challenges that greatly affect the reality of achieving and ensuring Millennium Development Goals. The research recommends the importance of fighting administrative and financial corruption, as this is one of the biggest challenges facing the possibility of advancing the economy and
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Objective: To measure the effect of the pharmacist-led medication reconciliation service before hospital discharge on preventing potential medication errors. Methods: This behavioral interventional study took place in a public teaching hospital in Iraq between December 2022 and January 2023. It included inpatients who were taking four or more medications upon discharge from the internal medicine ward and the cardiac care unit. The researcher provided the patients with a medication reconciliation form and reconciliation form (including medication regimen and pharmacist instructions) before discharging them home. Any discrepancies between the patients’ understanding and the actual medication recommendations prescribed by the physici
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In this work, study the optical properties of composites consisting of poly Methyl Methacrylate and Berry Paper Mulberry. The samples of composites were prepared using casting method .The Berry Paper Mulberry (BPM) was added by different concentrations are (0, 2, 4 and 6)wt.%. The optical properties of composites have been studied in the wavelength range (200-800)nm. The absorption coefficient ,energy gap, refractive index, extinction coefficient and dielectric constants have been determined. The results show that the optical constants change with increase of BPM concentrations .