Background: Kidney failure is the leading cause of early death for diabetic patients and is regarded as the most dangerous consequence of the disease. This can only be reversed through early detection and intervention. The incidence of type 1 diabetes, which comprises 5-10 per cent of all diabetic diseases, is rising across the globe with a rate of 15 per 100,000 people per year. Methods: 90 samples were collected and used in this study. Thirty healthy children served as controls (aged 5-15 years), 30 patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM, aged 5-15 years) and 30 patients with type 1 diabetic nephropathy (DN), aged 5-20 years). Results: highly significant increase in Urea and Creatinine levels when compared control with DN also between T1DM with DN. Duration Showing highly substantial (p<0.01) when compared T1DM with DN, fasting serum glucose and HbA1c highly significantly increased when comparing the Controls group with T1DM and DN also between T1DM with DN in Fasting blood sugar Showing significant (p<0.05) as well as with HbA1c Showing no significant (p>0.05), as well as the age showing substantial increase when compared control with DN and T1DM with DN (p<0.05), Conclusion: People with type 1 diabetes have an alarming risk of developing end-stage renal disease, Kidney disease is an important clinical issue among type 1 diabetes patients. This is because early intervention and detection are vital to preventing kidney failure.