A revision study of the Sphecidae from Iraq is presented. A survey is conducted to collect the specimens from different regions; generally, there were 41 species belonging to 12 genera and 4 subfamilies are revised with synonyms.

    The current investigation included the species previously reported in Iraq, which were not collected during the current investigations; the distribution and other information are also provided.

Public relations have become vital functions in modern institutions in the complex business world. They play an important role in facilitating the process of communication between the institution and its audiences and achieve mutual understanding between the parties as public relations play this important role based on research and analysis, policy formulation and programming programs and communication with the public.

The significance of this research comes from the challenges faced by public relations in state institutions. Misunderstandings and ambiguities still plague most workers in this field, especially in defining the concept, objectives and basic functions of public rela

Time and space are indispensable basics in cinematic art. They contain the characters, their actions and the nature of events, as well as their expressive abilities to express many ideas and information. However, the process of collecting space and time in one term is space-time, and it is one of Einstein’s theoretical propositions, who sees that Time is an added dimension within the place, so the study here differs from the previous one, and this is what the researcher determined in the topic of his research, which was titled (The Dramatic Function of Space-Time Variables in the Narrative Film), Which included the following: The research problem, which crystallized in the following question: What is the dramatic function of the tempor

The aim of the present study was to investigate the histological structure of the tongue in Mongoose (Herpestes javanicus) and its related to the feeding pattern. Five adult animals were used in this study . The tongues were dissected and fixed in 10% formalin, then prepared by following stages (dehydration, clearing, and embedding).The serial section(5µ) were stained with(H&E) and some special stains.The histological examination showed that the tongue consists of three tunicae (mucosa, submucosa and musclaris) and the lining epithelium of the filiform papillae is composed of keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue. The cylindrical papillae are covered with a highly keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue, whereas the k

Emily Bronte is born in Yorkshire on 30 July 1818. Her father, Rev. Patrick Bronte, is a man of intelligence and determination which enables him to gain an admission as a sizar to 81. John's Cambridge in 1802. He has six children where Emily is the fifth. The mother is a young beautiful girl who belong to an important family. Both Emily's parents try to teach

                       Their children well, support them all the time and elevate them to

"-.../

high levels. This causes an eagerness towards reading and writing, but the happiness of the children is affected by the sickness and later on by the death of their mother in 1821. After that things would

Domestic violence, or as sometimes known as family abuse, is usually related to a domestic or local setting as in cohabitation or in marriage. It can take the forms of being physical, verbal, economic or emotional. Globally, most of the domestic violence is overwhelmingly directed to females as they tend to experience and receive severe forms of violence, most likely because they do not involve their intimate, or sometimes even non-intimate partners, in the process of mental and physical self-defense.

   Sometimes countries justify domestic violence directed to females, they may be leg

Results: it was found that labelled cells participated in the formation of myotubes, which formed mature muscle fibers, and possibly new satellite cells. The results of this experiment may eventually revolutionized therapeutic procedures for some form of muscle diseases

Many studies have recommended implying the skills and strategies of creative thinking, critical thinking, and reflective thinking in EFLT curriculum to overcome EFL teaching-learning process difficulties. It is really necessary to make EFL teachers aware of the importance of cultural thinking and have a high perception of its forces. Culture of thinking consists of eight cultural forces in every learning situation; it helps to shape the group's cultural dynamic. These forces are expectations, language, time, modeling, opportunities, routines, interactions, and environment. This study aims to investigate EFL student-teachers’ perceptions of cultural thinking. The participants are selected randomly from the fourth-stage students at the D

Topological indices provide important insights into the structural characteristics of molecular graphs. The present investigation proposes and explores a creative graph on a finite group G, which is known as the RIG. This graph is designated as ΓRS G2(4) indicating a simple undirected graph containing elements of G. Two distinct ertices are regarded as nearly the same if and only if their sum yields a non-trivial involution element in G. RIGs have been discovered in various finite groups. We examine several facets of the RIG by altering the graph through the conjugacy classes of G. Furthermore, we investigate the topological indices as applications in graph theory applying the distance matrix of the G2(4) group.