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The Crystallite Size Dependence of the Transmittance Property of Vanadium Dioxide Nano Films
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Bruggeman's symmetric effective-medium model of vanadium oxide is introduced, in which the transmittance was studied because of its importance in the subject of smart windows, it was studied from ( 5 nm-1000 nm) for each of the regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, the ultraviolet and visible region, and the near and medium sub-regions of the infrared and the results showed that the importance of studying the transmittance of vanadium oxide as a good candidate For this kind of industries. Our results showed that the small sizes of the material guarantee an almost constant and high transmittance to the visible region; this is due to the agreement of the direction of the dipoles in the material with the direction of the internal electric field, which leads to an increase in the value of the refractive index. The refractive index represents the gain in the permittivity of the material presented by Bruggeman's model. For the other regions where the transmittance is not desirable, it can be controlled by the film’s size of the transmittance on the one hand and the wavelength on the other hand.

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Publication Date
Wed Jul 17 2019
Journal Name
Aip Conference Proceedings
Annealing effect on characterization of nano crystalline SnSe thin films prepared by thermal evaporation
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Tin Selenide (SnSe) Nano crystalline thin films of thickness 400±20 nm were deposited on glass substrate by thermal evaporation technique at R.T under a vacuum of ∼ 2 × 10− 5 mbar to study the effect of annealing temperatures (as-deposited, 100, 150 and 200) °C on its structural, surface morphology and optical properties. The films structure was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) which showed that all the films have polycrystalline in nature and orthorhombic structure, with the preferred orientation along the (111) plane. These films was synthesized of very fine crystallites size of (14.8-24.5) nm, the effect of annealing temperatures on the cell parameters, crystallite size and dislocation density were observed.

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Publication Date
Mon May 22 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Removal Interferences with Spectrophotometric Study for the Determination of Chromium, Vanadium and Their Application
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  The species of Cr (III), Cr (VI) in biological samples and V(IV), V(V) in foods & plants samples were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Integrated spectral studies of complexes [Cr (III, VI)-DPC], [Cr (VI)-bipy], [VO-SH], [V (V)-8-HQ] which included a study of the optimum conditions for the complexes formation by the investigation of the chemical and physical variables affecting each complex formation, the nature of complexes, the preparation of calibration curves of the complexes and treated the resulted data by modern statistical methods and study the interfering species. Interferences were removed to explain the reactions thermodynamically by determining Eï‚°cell, Keq. and ∆G values and includes a study of

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 30 2010
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Study on Vanadium Recovery from Spent Catalyst Used in the Manufacture of Sulfuric Acid
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Spent catalysts for sulfuric acid production have large amount of vanadium and due to environmental authority it is required to reduce the vanadium contain of the spent catalyst. Experimental investigation was conducted to study the vanadium recovery from spent catalyst via leaching process using sodium hydroxide to study the effect of process variables (temperatures, sodium hydroxide molarities, leaching time and particle size) on vanadium recovery. The effect of process variables (temperature, particle size,molarities of sodium hydroxide and leaching time) on the percentages of vanadium recovery were investigated and discussed .It was found that the percentage of vanadium recovery increased with increasing temperature up to 100 , incre

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2019
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Materials Science And Engineering
Place dependence as the physical environment role function in the place attachment
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Abstract<p>This research sheds light on the physical environment role in creating the place attachment, by discussing one of the important factors in the attachment creation, it is the concept place dependence, consisting of two important dimensions: the place quality and the place expectation; they contain a number of the supporter physical environment sub-indicators for place attachment. Eight physical indicators were reached; they were found to have a close relationship to the place attachment, including: the open and green spaces existence, land use diversity, diversity of housing types, dwelling / population density, accessibility, transport network development degree, transport multiple mo</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sun Mar 06 2022
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
DEPENDENCE OF MEDIA OFFICES ON THE CABINET'S WEBSITE AS A SOURCE OF INFORMATION
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     The research aimed to identify the extent to which the media offices in the ministries depend on the website of the Iraqi Council of Ministers as a source of information. Such goal includes a set of sub-goals: Knowing the reasons for media offices' reliance on the information provided by the Cabinet's website; and revealing the benefit derived from relying on the Cabinet's website.

The researcher used the survey method to screen and comprehend the extent to which the media offices in the ministries depend on the website of the Iraqi Council of Ministers as a source of information.

The mechanism of comprehensive account of the limits of research wa

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Publication Date
Fri Jul 01 2022
Journal Name
Resmilitaris
The right to property is a constitutional restriction on the work of the tax legislator
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The study aims to reach a common point that achieves a balance between two interests, which are generally in conflict with the public interest and the interest of the individual owner of private property, by extrapolating the provisions of the constitutional judiciary that include the protection of private property, and this protection extends to every right of financial value and is not limited to a specific type, but It included everything that can be estimated with money, as ownership is no longer an advantage for the owner, but rather has become a right for him and a social function. The tax is imposed on what is derived from it, but if there is a need to prejudice it, the conditions, limits and restrictions expressly stipulated in the

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Scopus
Publication Date
Fri Dec 29 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
The Study the Effect of Ultraviolet on the Compression and Hardness Property for Hybrid Material
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The study was carried out by reinforcing the resin matrix material

which was (Epoxy- Ep828) by useing Kevlar fibers and glass fibers type (E-gl ass) both or them in the form of woven roving and poly propylene tlbcrs  in  the form chopped  strand  mats.  wi th (30%)  volume  fraction. Some mechan i cal  properties of the were prepared composite specimens U ltraviolet   radiation  were  stuied   after   being  subjected  to  different weathering conditi ons i ncluded. Compression and hardness testing were carried out using Briel! method so as to compare between composite behavior i n the environments previously mentioned .

 <

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
Aip Conference Proceedings
Structure properties of cobalt dioxide (CoO2) thin films effected by violet and red lasers irradiation using (SCSP) technique
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Publication Date
Fri Dec 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Structural, Optical, and Morphological Study of the Zinc Oxide Nano-Thin Films with Different Thickness Prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition Technique
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The goal of this investigation is to prepare zinc oxide (ZnO) nano-thin films by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique through Q-switching double frequency Nd:YAG laser (532 nm) wavelength, pulse frequency 6 Hz, and 300 mJ energy under vacuum conditions (10-3 torr) at room temperature. (ZnO) nano-thin films were deposited on glass substrates with different thickness of 300, 600 and 900 nm. ZnO films, were then annealed in air at a temperature of 500 °C for one hour. The results were compared with the researchers' previous theoretical study. The XRD analysis of ZnO nano-thin films indicated a hexagonal multi-crystalline wurtzite structure with preferential growth lines (100), (002), (101) for ZnO nano-thin films with different thi

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Structural, Optical, and Morphological Study of the Zinc Oxide Nano-Thin Films with Different Thickness Prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition Technique
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The goal of this investigation is to prepare zinc oxide (ZnO) nano-thin films by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique through Q-switching double frequency Nd:YAG laser (532 nm) wavelength, pulse frequency 6 Hz, and 300 mJ energy under vacuum conditions (10-3 torr) at room temperature. (ZnO) nano-thin films were deposited on glass substrates with different thickness of 300, 600 and 900 nm. ZnO films, were then annealed in air at a temperature of 500 °C for one hour. The results were compared with the researchers' previous theoretical study. The XRD analysis of ZnO nano-thin films indicated a hexagonal multi-crystalline wurtzite structure with preferential growth lines (100), (002), (101) for ZnO nano-thin films with differe

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